使用c ++中的链接列表按字母顺序对字符串进行排序

Question

我正在进行字符串链接列表的分配。在我到达分拣部分之前，一切似乎都能正常工作。我也在上课。我已经有2个功能。第一个minimum(string)，它返回按字母顺序排在第一位的字符串。

此功能正常。我还有一个函数remove(string)，它从链表中删除包含给定字符串的节点。如果成功则返回true，否则返回false（如果字符串不在列表中），在这种情况下我必须擦除minimum(string)函数返回的字符串。我遇到问题的功能是sort()。

它要我定义一个StringNode指针作为新列表的头部（空列表）然后我需要一个循环，我将调用minimum(string)和{{1}的函数}。在循环内部，我还需要将此节点插入新列表中的正确位置（将其附加到末尾）。旧的头指针（现在为空）必须指向新列表。

我对此非常困惑，到目前为止我有这个：

remove(string)

我的理解是：我需要创建一个新的节点，它将是一个空列表，意思是void StringList::sort() { StringNode *newList = new StringNode; newList = NULL; string mini; bool removed; while (newList->next != NULL) { StringNode *newList2 = new StringNode; StringNode *p = head; mini = minimum(); p->data = mini; p->next = NULL; newList2 = newList2->next; newList2->next = p; removed = remove(mini); newList = newList2; } } 然后在循环中我需要创建另一个新节点，以及一个指向新头部的指针循环内的节点。我需要将最小值给出的值存储在指针newList->next = NULL;中，指针指向新节点。

任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢！

这是洞程序。

// StringList.cpp

p

// StringList.h

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include "StringList.h"

using namespace std;

//******************************************************************************
// StringList: creates an empty list
//******************************************************************************

StringList::StringList()
{
    head = NULL;
}

//******************************************************************************
// StringList: deallocates all the nodes in StringList
//******************************************************************************

StringList::~StringList()
{
    StringNode *p;
    StringNode *n;

    p = head;

    while (p != NULL)
    {
        n = p->next;
        delete p;
        p = n;
    }

}

//******************************************************************************
// count: returns the total number of nodes in the list.
//******************************************************************************

int StringList::count()
{
    int count = 0;
    StringNode *p;
    p = head;
    while ( p != NULL )
    {
       count++;
       p = p->next;
    }
    return count;
}

//******************************************************************************
// add: adds a new node to the beginning of the list.
//******************************************************************************

void StringList::add(string movie)
{
    StringNode *newNode = new StringNode;
    newNode->data = movie;
    newNode->next = head;
    head = newNode;
}

//******************************************************************************
// remove: removes a node containing the string from linked list
// returns true if successful or false the string is not in the list
//******************************************************************************

bool StringList::remove(string movie)
{
    StringNode *p = head;
    StringNode *n = NULL;

    while (p != NULL && p->data != movie )
    {
        n = p;
        p = p->next;

      if (p == NULL )
      {
         return false;
      }
      else if (p->data == movie)
      {
         n->next = p->next;
         delete p;
         return true;
      }
    }
}

//******************************************************************************
//display: Displays the strings in the list.
//******************************************************************************

void StringList::display()
{
    StringNode *p;
    p = head;

    while (p != NULL)
    {
        cout << p->data << " ";
        p = p->next;
    }
    cout << endl;
}

//******************************************************************************
//minimum: return the string in alphabetical order
//******************************************************************************

string StringList::minimum()
{
    StringNode *p = head;

    string minimum = p->data;

    while (p->next != NULL)
    {
        p = p->next;
        if(minimum > p->data)
        {
             minimum = p->data;
        }
    }
    return minimum;

}

//******************************************************************************
//sort: will call the minimum function and remove function
//******************************************************************************

 void StringList::sort()
{
StringNode* newhead;  // create a new head pointer
string mini;
bool removed; 

//adding the first node to the new list.
StringNode *newnode = new StringNode;
mini = minimum();  // get the minimum from the existing linked list
newnode->data = mini; 
newnode->next = NULL;
newhead=newnode; //add the minimum node to the new list(with the newhead)
StringNode *p = newhead;

while (head != NULL) // loop should run until there's no node left in the original list
{
    StringNode *newnode = new StringNode;
    mini = minimum();  // get the minimum from the existing linked list
    newnode->data = mini; 
    newnode->next = NULL;
    p->next=newnode; //add the minimum node to the new list(with the newhead pointer)
    removed = remove(mini);
    p=p->next;  
}
 head=newhead; //finally change the head pointer, so that the head now points to sorted list.
}

// Driver.cpp

#ifndef STRINGLIST_H_INCLUDED
#define STRINGLIST_H_INCLUDED

#include <string>
using namespace std;

class StringList
{
  private:
    struct StringNode          // the Nodes of the linked list
    {
        string data;           // data is a string
        StringNode *next;      // points to next node in list
    };

    StringNode *head;           // the head pointer

  public:
    StringList();
    ~StringList();

    int count();
    void add(string);
    bool remove(string);
    void display();
    string minimum();
    void sort();
};



#endif // STRINGLIST_H_INCLUDED

Answer 1

你的删除功能有小故障。您没有注意删除第一个节点的可能性。

bool StringList::remove(string movie)
{
StringNode *p = head;
StringNode *n = NULL;
if(p->data==movie)  //added this condition
{
    head=head->next;
    delete p;
    return true;
}
while (p != NULL && p->data != movie )
{
    n = p;
    p = p->next;

  if (p == NULL )
  {
     return false;
  }
  else if (p->data == movie)
  {
     n->next = p->next;
     delete p;
     return true;
  }
}
}

最终排序功能。目标是使用minimum和remove函数对现有列表进行排序，并获取新的排序列表。您需要从现有列表中获得最小值，并将其添加到新列表的末尾。最后更改头指针以将其指向新列表。

while循环应该运行，直到现有列表变空。

void StringList::sort()
{  
   string mini;
   bool removed;

  //adding the first node to the new list.
  StringNode *newnode1 = new StringNode;
  mini = minimum();  // get the minimum from the existing linked list
  newnode1->data = mini;
  newnode1->next = NULL;
  removed =remove(mini);
  StringNode *p = newnode1;

while (head != NULL) // the loop should run until the original list is empty
{
  StringNode *newnode = new StringNode;
  mini = minimum();  // get the minimum from the existing linked list
  newnode->data = mini;
  newnode->next = NULL;
  p->next=newnode; //add the minimum node to the new list
  removed = remove(mini);
  p=p->next;
}
   head=newnode1; //finally change the head pointer, so that the head now points to sorted list.
}