我创建了一个.NET Core项目,其中选择了WebApi模板,不包含任何身份验证。我想在其中添加ASP.NET标识以进行基于角色的授权。我怎样才能做到这一点?
答案 0 :(得分:21)
这将为您提供带有aspnet核心身份的熊骨头webapi,首先创建您的项目(假设您创建了一个新文件夹并且您已经在其中):
dotnet new webapi
添加aspnet核心标识:
dotnet add package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity
添加一些数据库提供程序来存储您的数据:
dotnet add package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite
现在添加一个用户类型,最简单的版本是:
public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
}
还有db上下文,这里我在类中设置连接字符串,但你可能想要使用DbContextOptions:
public class IdentityContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
{
protected override void OnConfiguring
(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder) =>
optionsBuilder.UseSqlite("your connection string");
}
然后在你的Startup.cs中添加以下标记的行:
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
//add this: simply creates db if it doesn't exist, no migrations
using (var context = new IdentityContext())
{
context.Database.EnsureCreated();
}
}
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
//add this: register your db context
services.AddDbContext<IdentityContext>();
//and this: add identity and create the db
services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<IdentityContext>();
services.AddMvc();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
//add this
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseMvc();
}
请注意,默认情况下,AddIdentity扩展将设置默认的身份验证方案,并添加您可能不希望在API中使用的各种Cookie,减少的替代方法如下(在ConfigureServices中替换上面的AddIdentity调用): / p>
services.AddIdentityCore<ApplicationUser>(options => { });
new IdentityBuilder(typeof(ApplicationUser), typeof(IdentityRole), services)
.AddRoleManager<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>()
.AddSignInManager<SignInManager<ApplicationUser>>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<IdentityContext>();
这将为您提供数据库方面的东西,然后您可以使用UserManager和SignInManager来创建和验证用户,让他们使用DI系统:
public class MyController : Controller
{
private UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager = null;
private SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager = null;
public MyController(
UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager,
SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager)
{
_userManager = userManager;
_signInManager = signInManager;
}
//etc...
然后使用如下:
var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(
new ApplicationUser()
{
UserName = "bob",
Email = "bob@bob.com"
}, "Test123!");
if (result.Succeeded)
//do stuff...
和
var user = await _userManager.FindByNameAsync("bob");
result = await _signInManager.CheckPasswordSignInAsync(user, "Test123!", false);
if (result.Succeeded)
//do stuff...
使用CheckPasswordSignInAsync
代替PasswordSignInAsync
将避免在使用AddIdentity
时创建Cookie,如果上面也使用AddIdentityCore
,那么您必须使用{{1}由于CheckPasswordSignInAsync
不会被设置,因此PasswordSignInAsync
将无效。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
模板没有什么特别之处,你需要的只是Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Core NuGet包,你应该可以从这里开始:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity