Question

我想为一些生成powershell脚本的代码编写单元测试，然后检查脚本是否有有效的语法。

在没有实际执行脚本的情况下执行此操作的好方法是什么？

.NET代码解决方案是理想的，但是我可以通过启动外部进程来使用命令行解决方案就足够了。

Answer 1

您可以通过Parser运行代码并观察它是否会引发任何错误：

function Test-Syntax
{
    [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName='File')]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ParameterSetName='File', Position = 0)]
        [string]$Path, 

        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ParameterSetName='String', Position = 0)]
        [string]$Code
    )

    $Errors = @()
    if($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq 'String'){
        [void][System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseInput($Code,[ref]$null,[ref]$Errors)
    } else {
        [void][System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseFile($Path,[ref]$null,[ref]$Errors)
    }

    return [bool]($Errors.Count -lt 1)
}

这很容易变成一个简单的函数：

if(Test-Syntax C:\path\to\script.ps1){
    Write-Host 'Script looks good!'
}

然后使用：

{
    "_type": "SearchResponse",
    "webPages": {
        "webSearchUrl": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=sFk5GtkV8PxaqVq0K3GniaQOQJqKR2jqw1udftLC9QE&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.bing.com%2fsearch%3fq%3dcontemporary%2bfurniture&p=DevEx,5336.1",
        "totalEstimatedMatches": 46000000,
        "value": [{
            "id": "https:\/\/api.cognitive.microsoft.com\/api\/v5\/#WebPages.0",
            "name": "Contemporary Furniture. Modern and Scandinavian designs.",
            "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=Q0wwocl-JR44YrK1RsR_5rSqO4KPlSPx0KgUi-sMocA&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fcontemporaryfurniture.com%2f&p=DevEx,5080.1",
            "displayUrl": "https:\/\/contemporaryfurniture.com",
            "snippet": "The finest in contemporary and modern furniture. Imported and domestic styles, bedrooms, sofas, home office, more. Shop online or visit our NY showroom.",
            "deepLinks": [{
                "name": "Bedrooms",
                "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=jo1rIVengiXnaKOkFczZ54qrp9-L4W2jb1sJ41jl04g&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.contemporaryfurniture.com%2fshop%2fbedrooms-19%2f&p=DevEx,5072.1",
                "snippet": "Bedroom sets including beds, dressers, nightstands and chests. Produced in various woods and lacquers. Contemporary, scandinavian and modern designs."
            }, {
                "name": "Dining Rooms",
                "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=EsyLPbUccu5BzwCeceP_S5u46vo4gSDMG7vP29BfjFE&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.contemporaryfurniture.com%2fshop%2fdining-rooms-12%2f&p=DevEx,5073.1",
                "snippet": "Dining Room sets, dining tables, servers, buffet and china cabinets. Contemporary and Scandinavian styles."
            }, {
                "name": "Barstool",
                "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=6rOwsJH4uT4LzjG833eSRYQgDMCKiogHGdgnokFVSEg&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.contemporaryfurniture.com%2fshop%2fbarstool-16%2f&p=DevEx,5074.1",
                "snippet": "Barstools and counterstools contemporary, modern and scandinavian designs produced in wood and metal."
            }, {
                "name": "Chairs",
                "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=ADlw0i43aQhdLC0tHBfjMFjYwiWYHZ3ggdG6RhZv9ss&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.contemporaryfurniture.com%2fshop%2fchairs-13%2f&p=DevEx,5075.1",
                "snippet": "Chairs to compliment your living room produced in fabric upholstery and leather. Contemporary and modern designs."
            }],
            "dateLastCrawled": "2017-03-31T17:25:00"
        }, {
            "id": "https:\/\/api.cognitive.microsoft.com\/api\/v5\/#WebPages.1",
            "name": "Contemporary Furniture | Houzz",
            "url": "http:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=vsM0va_8kehN5ZnPil2frs3eKL16FOHnut88FvEHRsM&v=1&r=http%3a%2f%2fwww.houzz.com%2fphotos%2fcontemporary%2ffurniture&p=DevEx,5098.1",
            "displayUrl": "www.houzz.com\/photos\/contemporary\/furniture",
            "snippet": "Browse a wide selection of contemporary furniture for sale on Houzz, including wood furniture and leather furniture for your dining room, office, bedroom and living room.",
            "dateLastCrawled": "2017-03-30T22:51:00"
        }, {
            "id": "https:\/\/api.cognitive.microsoft.com\/api\/v5\/#WebPages.2",
            "name": "Affordable Modern Furniture, Decor & Lighting online. Free ...",
            "url": "https:\/\/www.bing.com\/cr?IG=B470EF0A41D94B338002992668141CC5&CID=1B1D0110A94966F5383E0B4AA8A067DE&rd=1&h=OwOQI48E8ZhxF8xWw-iB2POJliBV0LIE3CucLePUzeg&v=1&r=https%3a%2f%2fwww.contemporaryfurniturewarehouse.com%2f&p=DevEx,5112.1",
            "displayUrl": "https:\/\/www.contemporaryfurniturewarehouse.com",
            "snippet": "Modern & Contemporary Furniture on sale. Shop for sofas, sectionals, accent chairs, dining chairs, bar stools, office chairs, stools, outdoor furniture & more.",
            "dateLastCrawled": "2017-03-31T02:54:00"
        }

Answer 2

PS Script Analyzer是开始对代码进行静态分析的好地方。

PSScriptAnalyzer提供脚本分析和潜在检查脚本中的代码缺陷通过应用一组内置或正在分析的脚本的自定义规则。

它还与Visual Studio Code集成。

有许多策略可以将PowerShell作为单元测试的一部分进行模拟，并且还可以查看Pester。

脚本专家Unit Testing PowerShell Code With Pester
PowerShellMagazine＆＃39; Get Started With Pester (PowerShell unit testing framework)

Answer 3

我偶然发现Get-Command -syntax 'script.ps1'，发现它简洁实用。

如何自动检查powershell脚本文件？

3 个答案: