在我的python项目myproject中，我使用以下setup.cfg：
...
[aliases]
test = pytest
[tool:pytest]
addopts = --durations=5 --cov
testpaths = tests
[coverage:run]
branch = True
source = myproject
...
如您所见，我使用pytest并将其别名为test，因此我可以通过setuptools（python setup.py test）调用它。
我的项目结构如下所示：
.
├── MANIFEST.in
├── README.rst
├── tests
│ └── test_version.py
└── myproject
├── __init__.py
└── _version.py
请注意，没有.coveragerc个文件，因此所有设置都来自setup.py
当我直接运行pytest时，报道给了我正确的统计数据：
running pytest
running egg_info
writing requirements to myproject.egg-info/requires.txt
writing myproject.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing top-level names to myproject.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing dependency_links to myproject.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing entry points to myproject.egg-info/entry_points.txt
reading manifest file 'myproject.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyo' found under directory 'tests'
writing manifest file 'myproject.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
================================================================================ test session starts ================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 2.7.13, pytest-3.0.7, py-1.4.33, pluggy-0.4.0 -- /Users/someuser/.virtualenvs/myproject/bin/python
cachedir: .cache
rootdir: /Users/someuser/Desktop/myproject, inifile: setup.cfg
plugins: cov-2.4.0
collected 7 items
tests/test_version.py::test_versionInfoIsExposed PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionInfoIsASemanticVersionTuple PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionIsExposed PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionIsASemanticVersionString PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionLooksGeneratedFromVersionInfo PASSED
---------- coverage: platform darwin, python 2.7.13-final-0 ----------
Name Stmts Miss Branch BrPart Cover
-----------------------------------------------------------------
myproject/__init__.py 1 0 0 0 100%
myproject/_version.py 3 0 0 0 100%
-----------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 4 0 0 0 100%
...
当我运行python setup test时，报道给了我不同的（和错误的）统计数据：
running pytest
running egg_info
writing requirements to myproject.egg-info/requires.txt
writing myproject.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing top-level names to myproject.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing dependency_links to myproject.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing entry points to myproject.egg-info/entry_points.txt
reading manifest file 'myproject.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyo' found under directory 'tests'
writing manifest file 'myproject.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
================================================================================ test session starts ================================================================================
platform darwin -- Python 2.7.13, pytest-3.0.7, py-1.4.33, pluggy-0.4.0 -- /Users/someuser/.virtualenvs/myproject/bin/python
cachedir: .cache
rootdir: /Users/someuser/Desktop/myproject, inifile: setup.cfg
plugins: cov-2.4.0
collected 7 items
tests/test_version.py::test_versionInfoIsExposed PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionInfoIsASemanticVersionTuple PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionIsExposed PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionIsASemanticVersionString PASSED
tests/test_version.py::test_versionLooksGeneratedFromVersionInfo PASSED
---------- coverage: platform darwin, python 2.7.13-final-0 ----------
Name Stmts Miss Branch BrPart Cover
-----------------------------------------------------------------
myproject/__init__.py 1 1 0 0 0%
myproject/_version.py 3 3 0 0 0%
-----------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL 4 4 0 0 0%
...
有谁知道为什么会这样？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
如果有人偶然发现了这个问题，我终于找到了解决办法。
在我的setup.cfg中，我在metadata部分中有以下行：
[metadata]
...
version = attr: myproject._version.__version__
...
这导致模块myproject.__init__和myproject._version.py中的所有行在测试运行之前运行，因此coverage没有机会告诉，这些行实际上是由测试
要解决该问题，我只需阅读__version__内的setup.py信息，而无需导入模块：
# inside setup.py
_locals = {}
with open('sirup/_version.py') as fp:
exec(fp.read(), None, _locals)
version = _locals['__version__']
setup(version=version)