在一周的大部分时间里，我一直在撞墙。我已经研究了SQL（T-SQL）几周了，我遇到了麻烦。
我正在构建一个存储公司客户数据的数据库。 DB中的表是规范化的，因此我有多个表使用外键约束链接在一起。
Microsoft Access将用于与数据库连接（作为前端）。为了简化操作，我创建了一个视图，将所有必需的表连接在一起，以便最终用户可以轻松查询信息。
我遇到的问题涉及将信息插入此视图。根据我的理解，由于我在视图中有多个表，因此我必须使用带有INSTEAD OF INSERT语句的触发器。我创造了触发器;但是，我不确定如何使用表中的ID列（这些列充当键）。
我有一个MemberBasicInformation表，其中包含客户端的DOB，名称，性别等及其MemberID。此ID是表中的IDENTITY列，因此会自动生成。我遇到的问题是因为身份是自动生成的，我无法获取插入MemberBasicInformation表后生成的身份值并将其插入到其他相关表中。当我尝试这样做时，我最终会违反外键约束。
我尝试使用@@Identity和Scope_Identity()无济于事。我已经列出了我的观点和触发器，让您了解事情是如何设置的。如果有人能指出我正确的方向，我将不胜感激。我真的很茫然。
MEMBER查看：
CREATE VIEW [dbo].[Member]
AS
SELECT
dbo.MemberBasic.MemberId, dbo.MemberBasic.FirstName,
dbo.MemberBasic.MiddleInitial, dbo.MemberBasic.LastName,
dbo.MemberBasic.FullName, dbo.MemberBasic.DateOfBirth,
dbo.Gender.Name AS Gender, dbo.MemberBasic.Address,
dbo.MemberBasic.Address2, dbo.MemberBasic.City,
dbo.MemberBasic.State, dbo.MemberBasic.ZipCode,
dbo.MemberBasic.PhoneNumber,
dbo.MemberBasic.SocialSecurityNumber,
dbo.MemberBasic.DriversLicense,
dbo.MemberBasic.EmployerIdentificationNumber,
dbo.MemberBasic.Notes,
dbo.FieldRep.Name AS FieldRepName,
dbo.MemberDetail.DateAssigned AS FieldRepDateAssigned,
dbo.MemberDetail.CPReceivedOn, dbo.MemberDetail.CredentialedOn,
dbo.MemberEligibility.IsActive, dbo.ICO.Name AS ICO,
dbo.MemberEligibility.StartDate AS EligibilityStartDate,
dbo.MemberEligibility.EndDate AS EligibilityEndDate,
dbo.MemberWorkerCompDetail.ExpirationDate AS WorkerCompExpirationDate,
dbo.MemberWorkerCompDetail.AuditDate AS WorkerCompAuditDate,
dbo.WorkerCompTier.Name AS WorkerCompTier,
dbo.MemberAttachment.AttachmentId,
dbo.MemberAttachment.Data AS AttachmentData
FROM
dbo.MemberAttachment
INNER JOIN
dbo.MemberBasic ON dbo.MemberAttachment.MemberId = dbo.MemberBasic.MemberId
INNER JOIN
dbo.MemberCaregiverAssignment ON dbo.MemberAttachment.MemberId = dbo.MemberCaregiverAssignment.MemberId
INNER JOIN
dbo.MemberDetail ON dbo.MemberBasic.MemberId = dbo.MemberDetail.MemberId
INNER JOIN
dbo.MemberEligibility ON dbo.MemberAttachment.MemberId = dbo.MemberEligibility.MemberId
INNER JOIN
dbo.MemberWorkerCompDetail ON dbo.MemberAttachment.MemberId = dbo.MemberWorkerCompDetail.MemberId
INNER JOIN
dbo.Gender ON dbo.MemberBasic.GenderId = dbo.Gender.GenderId
INNER JOIN
dbo.FieldRep ON dbo.MemberDetail.FieldRepId = dbo.FieldRep.FieldRepId
INNER JOIN
dbo.ICO ON dbo.MemberEligibility.ICOId = dbo.ICO.ICOId
INNER JOIN
dbo.WorkerCompTier ON dbo.MemberWorkerCompDetail.TierId = dbo.WorkerCompTier.TierId
GO
MEMBER触发器：
ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[InsertNewMember]
ON [dbo].[Member]
INSTEAD OF INSERT
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT INTO MemberBasic (FirstName, MiddleInitial, LastName, GenderId, DateOfBirth, Address, Address2, City, State, ZipCode, PhoneNumber, SocialSecurityNumber, DriversLicense, EmployerIdentificationNumber, Notes)
SELECT
FirstName, MiddleInitial, LastName, GenderId, DateOfBirth,
Address, Address2, City, State, ZipCode, PhoneNumber,
SocialSecurityNumber, DriversLicense,
EmployerIdentificationNumber, Notes
FROM
inserted
INNER JOIN
Gender ON Gender.Name = Gender;
INSERT INTO MemberDetail (MemberId, FieldRepId, DateAssigned, CPReceivedOn, CredentialedOn)
SELECT
MemberId, FieldRep.FieldRepId, FieldRepDateAssigned,
CPReceivedOn, CredentialedOn
FROM
inserted
INNER JOIN
FieldRep ON FieldRep.Name = FieldRepName;
INSERT INTO MemberEligibility (MemberId, ICOId, StartDate, EndDate)
SELECT
MemberId, ICOId, EligibilityStartDate, EligibilityEndDate
FROM
inserted
INNER JOIN
ICO ON ICO.Name = ICO;
INSERT INTO MemberWorkerCompDetail (MemberId, AuditDate, ExpirationDate, TierId)
SELECT
MemberId, WorkerCompAuditDate, WorkerCompExpirationDate, TierId
FROM
inserted
INNER JOIN
WorkerCompTier ON WorkerCompTier.Name = WorkerCompTier;
INSERT INTO MemberAttachment (MemberId, Data)
SELECT MemberId, AttachmentData
FROM Member
END
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您可以使用表变量来保存新插入的ID 和您要插入其他表的所有数据。您需要执行此操作，因为只有第一个INSERT数据才能以这样的方式加入inserted，以便您可以将IDENTITY值与导致它们生成的行。
我们还必须滥用MERGE，因为INSERT不允许您在其OUTPUT子句中包含目标表以外的任何内容。
我是在一个玩具示例中做到这一点，但希望你能看到如何为全表结构编写它。
首先，一些表格：
create table dbo.Core (
ID int IDENTITY(-71,3) not null,
A varchar(10) not null,
constraint PK_Core PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)
go
create table dbo.Child1 (
ID int IDENTITY(-42,19) not null,
ParentID int not null,
B varchar(10) not null,
constraint PK_Child1 PRIMARY KEY (ID),
constraint FK_Child1_Core FOREIGN KEY (ParentID) references Core(ID)
)
go
create table dbo.Child2 (
ID int IDENTITY(-42,19) not null,
ParentID int not null,
C varchar(10) not null,
constraint PK_Child2 PRIMARY KEY (ID),
constraint FK_Child2_Core FOREIGN KEY (ParentID) references Core(ID)
)
go
观点：
create view dbo.Together
with schemabinding
as
select
c.ID,
c.A,
c1.B,
c2.C
from
dbo.Core c
inner join
dbo.Child1 c1
on
c.ID = c1.ParentID
inner join
dbo.Child2 c2
on
c.ID = c2.ParentID
go
最后是触发器：
create trigger Together_T_I
on dbo.Together
instead of insert
as
set nocount on
declare @tmp table (ID int not null, B varchar(10) not null, C varchar(10) not null);
merge into dbo.Core c
using inserted i
on
c.ID = i.ID
when not matched then insert (A) values (i.A)
output
inserted.ID /* NB - This is the output clauses inserted,
not the trigger's inserted so this is now populated */
,i.B,
i.C
into @tmp;
insert into dbo.Child1(ParentID,B)
select ID,B
from @tmp
insert into dbo.Child2(ParentID,C)
select ID,C
from @tmp
（我会在那里保留类似的评论，因为包含OUTPUT子句的触发器内的语句往往很混乱，因为有两个 inserted表在起作用）
（同样值得注意的是，只要您确定它ON MERGE条款中的内容并不重要将失败进行匹配。如果您认为它更清晰，您可能更愿意拥有1=0。我只是对触发器的事实感到很可爱inserted.ID将为NULL）
现在我们进行插入：
insert into dbo.Together(A,B,C) values ('aaa','bbb','ccc')
go
select * from dbo.Together
得到结果：
ID A B C
----------- ---------- ---------- ----------
-71 aaa bbb ccc
答案 1 :(得分：0)
以下是您的问题“在INSTEAD OF触发器中将身份值用作FK”的答案