使用Tensorflow以图形方式表示MNIST的学习权重

Question

我正在修补Tensorflow上的教程Deep MNIST for Experts，我试图用图像中的多层卷积网络来表示学习的权重。 上面的教程有一个更简单的MNIST For ML Beginners，它显示了这个图像，代表了训练模型的学习权重。

这是我的代码：

from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data', one_hot=True)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import random as ran
import tensorflow as tf

def TRAIN_SIZE(num):
    print ('Total Training Images in Dataset = ' + str(mnist.train.images.shape))
    print ('--------------------------------------------------')
    x_train = mnist.train.images[:num,:]
    print ('x_train Examples Loaded = ' + str(x_train.shape))
    y_train = mnist.train.labels[:num,:]
    print ('y_train Examples Loaded = ' + str(y_train.shape))
    print('')
    return x_train, y_train

def TEST_SIZE(num):
    print ('Total Test Examples in Dataset = ' + str(mnist.test.images.shape))
    print ('--------------------------------------------------')
    x_test = mnist.test.images[:num,:]
    print ('x_test Examples Loaded = ' + str(x_test.shape))
    y_test = mnist.test.labels[:num,:]
    print ('y_test Examples Loaded = ' + str(y_test.shape))
    return x_test, y_test

def display_digit(num):
    print(y_train[num])
    label = y_train[num].argmax(axis=0)
    image = x_train[num].reshape([28,28])
    plt.title('Example: %d  Label: %d' % (num, label))
    plt.imshow(image, cmap=plt.get_cmap('gray_r'))
    plt.show()

def display_mult_flat(start, stop):
    images = x_train[start].reshape([1,784])
    for i in range(start+1,stop):
        images = np.concatenate((images, x_train[i].reshape([1,784])))
    plt.imshow(images, cmap=plt.get_cmap('gray_r'))
    plt.show()

x_train, y_train = TRAIN_SIZE(55000)
display_digit(0)
display_mult_flat(0,400)

sess = tf.InteractiveSession()
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, 784])
y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[None, 10])
W = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([784,10]))
b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([10]))
y = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(x,W) + b)

cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(
    tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=y_, logits=y))
x_train, y_train = TRAIN_SIZE(5500)
x_test, y_test = TEST_SIZE(10000)
LEARNING_RATE = 0.05
TRAIN_STEPS = 1000

sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(LEARNING_RATE).minimize(cross_entropy)
for _ in range(TRAIN_STEPS):
  batch = mnist.train.next_batch(100)
  train_step.run(feed_dict={x: batch[0], y_: batch[1]})
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y,1), tf.argmax(y_,1))
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))

for i in range(10):
    plt.subplot(2, 5, i+1)
    weight = sess.run(W)[:,i]
    plt.title(i)
    plt.imshow(weight.reshape([28,28]), cmap=plt.get_cmap('seismic'))
    frame1 = plt.gca()
    frame1.axes.get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
    frame1.axes.get_yaxis().set_visible(False) 
plt.show()


def weight_variable(shape):
  initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape, stddev=0.1)
  return tf.Variable(initial)

def bias_variable(shape):
  initial = tf.constant(0.1, shape=shape)
  return tf.Variable(initial)

def conv2d(x, W):
  return tf.nn.conv2d(x, W, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME')

def max_pool_2x2(x):
  return tf.nn.max_pool(x, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1],
                        strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')

# First convolution layeer
W_conv1 = weight_variable([5, 5, 1, 32])
b_conv1 = bias_variable([32])
x_image = tf.reshape(x, [-1,28,28,1])

h_conv1 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(x_image, W_conv1) + b_conv1)
h_pool1 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv1)

# Second convolution layer
W_conv2 = weight_variable([5, 5, 32, 64])
b_conv2 = bias_variable([64])

h_conv2 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(h_pool1, W_conv2) + b_conv2)
h_pool2 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv2)

# Densely Connected Layer
W_fc1 = weight_variable([7 * 7 * 64, 1024])
b_fc1 = bias_variable([1024])

h_pool2_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool2, [-1, 7*7*64])
h_fc1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(h_pool2_flat, W_fc1) + b_fc1)

#Dropout
keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
h_fc1_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_fc1, keep_prob)

#Readout Layer
W_fc2 = weight_variable([1024, 10])
b_fc2 = bias_variable([10])

y_conv = tf.matmul(h_fc1_drop, W_fc2) + b_fc2

#Evaluating the model
cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(
    tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=y_, logits=y_conv))
train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy)
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y_conv,1), tf.argmax(y_,1))
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

for i in range(20000):
  batch = mnist.train.next_batch(50)
  if i%100 == 0:
    train_accuracy = accuracy.eval(feed_dict={
        x:batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 1.0})
    print("step %d, training accuracy %g"%(i, train_accuracy))
  train_step.run(feed_dict={x: batch[0], y_: batch[1], keep_prob: 0.5})

print("test accuracy %g"%accuracy.eval(feed_dict={
    x: mnist.test.images, y_: mnist.test.labels, keep_prob: 1.0}))

for i in range(10):
    plt.subplot(2, 5, i+1)
    weight = sess.run(W_fc2)[:,i]
    plt.title(i)
    plt.imshow(weight.reshape([32,32]), cmap=plt.get_cmap('seismic'))
    frame1 = plt.gca()
    frame1.axes.get_xaxis().set_visible(False)
    frame1.axes.get_yaxis().set_visible(False) 
plt.show()

我正在两次打印学习重量的图像。 一次作为教程MNIST For ML Beginners中所示的简单MNIST算法的输出，第二次使用多层卷积网络。 第一个输出正确： 但是，使用教程Deep MNIST for Experts中显示的多层卷积网络的第二个输出是： 如何正确显示第二张图？

Answer 1

您的算法是正确的。这是最后一层的重量图像。这样看起来就是这样，你现在在顶部有2个完全连接的层，而你之前完全连接的层的特征表示与原始数字甚至是图像不是很相似。第二个完全连接层中的特征表示是1024个数字的数组。因此，通过绘制权重，您将看不到自己在做什么。

也许你通过绘制卷积层的权重来获得更多运气。它们至少是语义上的图像。但是它们的大小取决于过滤器的大小。