Question

我写了AppleScript来装载SparseBundle图像，我希望它在Time Machine启动时完全执行。

现在，我使用AppleScript语句定期检查Time Machine是否与on idle一起运行：

on idle
    ....
    return <interval>
end idle

这不是一种强有力的方式。在我看来，为Application Launch事件添加事件触发器将是一种更好的方法。

你能帮忙吗？

Objective-C或Python示例代码（我更喜欢Python）非常受欢迎。

Answer 1

您正在寻找的是NSDistributedNotificationCenter或NSWorkspace，这些可可类会发布应用程序事件的通知，工作区，应用程序启动，驱动器安装等等。

要在python中执行此操作，您需要PyObjC，这基本上是apple的cocoa类的python绑定。文档在他们的网站上很少，而且有一个原因，因为文档基本上与Apple文档相同，所以它们只包含pyobjc api和cocoa API之间的差异。如果您了解目标c api如何转换为python，那么您就可以了。点击此处：http://pyobjc.sourceforge.net/documentation/pyobjc-core/intro.html

我在下面列出了一个使用python监听分布式通知的示例。下面的代码基本上添加了一个观察者并监听itunes通知。您可以遵循类似的结构，而是添加NSWorkspace的观察者。要弄清楚你应该听什么，有一个应用程序将显示通过你的系统的所有通知。它被称为notification watcher。用它来弄清楚你应该听什么。您还可以将目标c代码转换为python。

以下代码正在做什么

定义一个继承自NSObject的新类，由PyObjC
定义一个方法，该方法将传递实际通知并将其打印出来
创建Foundation.NSDistributedNotificationCenter.defaultCenter
创建GetSongs的实例
注册观察者，向其传递类，在收到通知时调用的方法以及哪个应用程序＆amp;要监视的事件，即“com.apple.iTunes.playerInfo”
运行事件循环，

有一件事会让你失望，访问属性（目标c属性）与访问python属性不同。即在python中你为python中的目标c做class_name.att，你必须把它称为函数，即我的例子如下：song.userInfo()

import Foundation
from AppKit import *
from PyObjCTools import AppHelper

class GetSongs(NSObject):
    def getMySongs_(self, song):
        print "song:", song
        song_details = {}
        ui = song.userInfo()
        print 'ui:', ui
        for x in ui:
            song_details[x] = ui.objectForKey_(x)
        print song_details

nc = Foundation.NSDistributedNotificationCenter.defaultCenter()
GetSongs = GetSongs.new()
nc.addObserver_selector_name_object_(GetSongs, 'getMySongs:', 'com.apple.iTunes.playerInfo',None)

NSLog("Listening for new tunes....")
AppHelper.runConsoleEventLoop()

以下是实际输出的示例...（YES BRITNEY ROCKS！，NOT！;）

song NSConcreteNotification 0x104c0a3b0 {name = com.apple.iTunes.playerInfo; object = com.apple.iTunes.player; userInfo = {
    Album = Circus;
    "Album Rating" = 0;
    "Album Rating Computed" = 1;
    Artist = "Britney Spears";
    "Artwork Count" = 1;
    Genre = Pop;
    "Library PersistentID" = 8361352612761174229;
    Location = "file://localhost/Users/izze/Music/iTunes/iTunes%20Music/Britney%20Spears/Circus/02%20Circus.mp3";
    Name = Circus;
    PersistentID = 4028778662306031905;
    "Play Count" = 0;
    "Play Date" = "2010-06-26 08:20:57 +0200";
    "Player State" = Playing;
    "Playlist PersistentID" = 7784218291109903761;
    "Rating Computed" = 1;
    "Skip Count" = 1;
    "Skip Date" = "2010-06-26 12:20:57 +0200";
    "Store URL" = "itms://itunes.com/link?n=Circus&an=Britney%20Spears&pn=Circus";
    "Total Time" = 192444;
    "Track Count" = 16;
    "Track Number" = 2;
}}
ui {
    Album = Circus;
    "Album Rating" = 0;
    "Album Rating Computed" = 1;
    Artist = "Britney Spears";
    "Artwork Count" = 1;
    Genre = Pop;
    "Library PersistentID" = 8361352612761174229;
    Location = "file://localhost/Users/izze/Music/iTunes/iTunes%20Music/Britney%20Spears/Circus/02%20Circus.mp3";
    Name = Circus;
    PersistentID = 4028778662306031905;
    "Play Count" = 0;
    "Play Date" = "2010-06-26 08:20:57 +0200";
    "Player State" = Playing;
    "Playlist PersistentID" = 7784218291109903761;
    "Rating Computed" = 1;
    "Skip Count" = 1;
    "Skip Date" = "2010-06-26 12:20:57 +0200";
    "Store URL" = "itms://itunes.com/link?n=Circus&an=Britney%20Spears&pn=Circus";
    "Total Time" = 192444;
    "Track Count" = 16;
    "Track Number" = 2;
}
{u'Album Rating Computed': 1, u'Album': u'Circus', u'Rating Computed': True, u'Name': u'Circus', u'Artist': u'Britney Spears', u'Track Number': 2, u'Skip Date': 2010-06-26 12:20:57 +0200, u'Library PersistentID': 8361352612761174229L, u'Player State': u'Playing', u'Total Time': 192444L, u'Genre': u'Pop', u'Playlist PersistentID': 7784218291109903761L, u'Album Rating': 0, u'Location': u'file://localhost/Users/izze/Music/iTunes/iTunes%20Music/Britney%20Spears/Circus/02%20Circus.mp3', u'Skip Count': 1, u'Track Count': 16L, u'Artwork Count': 1, u'Play Date': 2010-06-26 08:20:57 +0200, u'PersistentID': 4028778662306031905L, u'Play Count': 0, u'Store URL': u'itms://itunes.com/link?n=Circus&an=Britney%20Spears&pn=Circus'}

Answer 2

在Objc-C中这不太难。您可以通过NSWorkspace和NSNotificationCenter访问所有应用程序的通知。创建一个对象并为NSWorkspaceDidTerminateApplicationNotification类型的通知注册其中一个方法。类似的东西：

@interface NotificationObserver : NSObject { }
- (void) applicationDidLaunch:(NSNotification*)notification;
@end

@implementation NotificationObserver : NSObject
- (void) applicationDidLaunch:(NSNotification*)notification
{
  // Check the notification to see if Time Machine is being launched.
}
@end

void watch(void)
{
  NSNotificationCenter* notificationCenter
    = [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] sharednotificationCenter];
  NotificationObserver* observer = [[NotificationObserver alloc] init];
  [notificationCenter addObserver:observer
                         selector:@selector(applicationDidTerminate:)
                             name:@"NSWorkspaceDidTerminateApplicationNotification"
                           object:nil];
}

Answer 3

这不是您问题的答案，但它可以解决您的问题。

为什么不让AppleScript在安装磁盘映像后启动Time Machine？然后，不是直接启动Time Machine，而是始终通过脚本调用Time Machine。您甚至可以将Time Machine图标粘贴到AppleScript文件上，并将其命名为“Time Machine”以使幻觉完整。： - ）

如何在Mac OS X中监听应用程序启动事件？

3 个答案: