我正在尝试遵循这个OpenCV练习http://coding-robin.de/2013/07/22/train-your-own-opencv-haar-classifier.html，但却陷入了运行mergevec.py的步骤（我使用Python版本而不是.cpp）。我在本文中使用Python 3而不是Python 2.x.
此文件的来源为https://github.com/wulfebw/mergevec/blob/master/mergevec.py
我得到的错误是
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./tools/mergevec1.py", line 96, in <module>
merge_vec_files(vec_directory, output_filename)
File "./tools/mergevec1.py", line 45, in merge_vec_files
val = struct.unpack('<iihh', content[:12])
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
我试图关注此python 3.5: TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' when writing to a file并使用open(f, 'r', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore')，但仍然没有运气。
我的修改后的代码如下：
import sys
import glob
import struct
import argparse
import traceback
def exception_response(e):
exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info()
lines = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
for line in lines:
print(line)
def get_args():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-v', dest='vec_directory')
parser.add_argument('-o', dest='output_filename')
args = parser.parse_args()
return (args.vec_directory, args.output_filename)
def merge_vec_files(vec_directory, output_vec_file):
# Check that the .vec directory does not end in '/' and if it does, remove it.
if vec_directory.endswith('/'):
vec_directory = vec_directory[:-1]
# Get .vec files
files = glob.glob('{0}/*.vec'.format(vec_directory))
# Check to make sure there are .vec files in the directory
if len(files) <= 0:
print('Vec files to be mereged could not be found from directory: {0}'.format(vec_directory))
sys.exit(1)
# Check to make sure there are more than one .vec files
if len(files) == 1:
print('Only 1 vec file was found in directory: {0}. Cannot merge a single file.'.format(vec_directory))
sys.exit(1)
# Get the value for the first image size
prev_image_size = 0
try:
with open(files[0], 'r', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore') as vecfile:
content = ''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
val = struct.unpack('<iihh', content[:12])
prev_image_size = val[1]
except IOError as e:
f = None
print('An IO error occured while processing the file: {0}'.format(f))
exception_response(e)
# Get the total number of images
total_num_images = 0
for f in files:
try:
with open(f, 'r', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore') as vecfile:
content = ''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
val = struct.unpack('<iihh', content[:12])
num_images = val[0]
image_size = val[1]
if image_size != prev_image_size:
err_msg = """The image sizes in the .vec files differ. These values must be the same. \n The image size of file {0}: {1}\n
The image size of previous files: {0}""".format(f, image_size, prev_image_size)
sys.exit(err_msg)
total_num_images += num_images
except IOError as e:
print('An IO error occured while processing the file: {0}'.format(f))
exception_response(e)
# Iterate through the .vec files, writing their data (not the header) to the output file
# '<iihh' means 'little endian, int, int, short, short'
header = struct.pack('<iihh', total_num_images, image_size, 0, 0)
try:
with open(output_vec_file, 'wb') as outputfile:
outputfile.write(header)
for f in files:
with open(f, 'w', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore') as vecfile:
content = ''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
data = content[12:]
outputfile.write(data)
except Exception as e:
exception_response(e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
vec_directory, output_filename = get_args()
if not vec_directory:
sys.exit('mergvec requires a directory of vec files. Call mergevec.py with -v /your_vec_directory')
if not output_filename:
sys.exit('mergevec requires an output filename. Call mergevec.py with -o your_output_filename')
merge_vec_files(vec_directory, output_filename)
你知道我做错了什么吗？感谢。
更新1
我这样做了：
content = b''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
我基本上添加了＆＃34; b＆＃34;在前。但是，现在我遇到了一个不同的错误：
追踪（最近一次通话）： 文件＆＃34; ./ tools / mergevec1.py＆＃34;，第97行，in merge_vec_files（vec_directory，output_filename） 在merge_vec_files中输入文件＆＃34; ./ tools / mergevec1.py＆＃34;，第44行 content = b＆＃39; .join（vecfile.readlines（）中line的str（line）） TypeError：序列项0：期望一个类似字节的对象，str找到
答案 0 :(得分：2)
尝试更改此代码块，如下所示：
for f in files:
try:
with open(f, 'rb') as vecfile:
content = vecfile.read()
val = struct.unpack('<iihh', content[:12])
num_images = val[0]
image_size = val[1]
if image_size != prev_image_size:
err_msg = """The image sizes in the .vec files differ. These values must be the same. \n The image size of file {0}: {1}\n
The image size of previous files: {0}""".format(f, image_size, prev_image_size)
sys.exit(err_msg)
total_num_images += num_images
except IOError as e:
print('An IO error occured while processing the file: {0}'.format(f))
exception_response(e)
答案 1 :(得分：0)
更改后，我能够解决我的问题：
for f in files:
with open(f, 'rb') as vecfile:
content = ''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
data = content[12:]
outputfile.write(data)
except Exception as e:
exception_response(e)
为此：
for f in files:
with open(f, 'rb') as vecfile:
content = b''.join((line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
outputfile.write(bytearray(content[12:]))
except Exception as e:
exception_response(e)
就像在我更改它之前一样：
content = ''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
为此：
content = b''.join((line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
因为它正在等待一些str，现在它可以接收我们需要的二进制存档了。
因为使用了代码，所以您一直保持错误状态
content = b''.join(str(line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
，您必须使用：
content = b''.join((line) for line in vecfile.readlines())
没有“ str”强制转换。