INSERT INTO Firebird如何自动增加主键？
对于我有的表格字段：
fstPriority VARCHAR(30), fstInfo VARCHAR(100), fstDateCreated VARCHAR(30), fstDateModified VARCHAR(30), fiKeyID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY
对于INSERT INTO我有：
FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn))
fbConn.Open();
...
FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction();
FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand("INSERT INTO " + stTableName + "(" + stFieldNames + ") VALUES ( @p0, @p1, @p2, @p3, @p4 ) RETURNING fiKeyID ", fbConn, fbTransaction);
但不确定应该用什么 fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p0", "1st value");
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p1", "2nd value");
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p2", "3rd value");
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p3", "4th value");
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@p4", "");
另外，我在http://www.firebirdfaq.org/faq29/看到创建一个自动增量列，但不确定如何在C＃中执行此操作... Firebird ADO.NET ... FirebirdClient.5.8.0 ... Visual Studio 2013. / p>
CREATE GENERATOR ...;
SET GENERATOR ...;
set term !! ;
CREATE TRIGGER ...
。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
重要的是SET TERM 不是Firebird语句语法的一部分，而是在ISQL等查询工具中设置语句终止符的客户端功能。此终结器必须知道语句何时完成并可以发送到服务器。默认情况下，这些工具在分号（;）上执行此操作，但这不适用于PSQL（存储过程，触发器），因为PSQL代码也使用分号。为解决此问题，这些工具使用SET TERM来切换此终结符。
但是，使用Firebird ADO.net提供程序，您需要一次执行一个语句，因此语句终止符无关紧要。
为了能够生成主键，您可以使用以下解决方案：
Firebird 3有一个标识类型列，因此您无需创建序列并自行触发：
create table withgeneratedid(
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
column2 varchar(100)
)
对于Firebird 2.5及更早版本，您需要创建一个序列并触发：
create table withgeneratedid(
id integer primary key,
column2 varchar(100)
);
create sequence seq_withgeneratedid;
set term #;
create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid
as
begin
if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid;
end#
set term ;#
当您在表中插入值并希望生成密钥时，不应在列列表中包含id列。包括id列允许您覆盖键值，但这可能导致将来插入生成重复键！如果你确实包含id列，那么在Firebird 3示例中不会生成任何密钥，在Firebird 2.5示例中，如果列的值为null，则会生成密钥，否则将采用提供的值。
在ADO.net中，您通常需要单独执行语句（而不是使用set term）。或者，您可以使用FbScript来解析DDL脚本并执行解析语句。请注意，FbScript支持（甚至需要）set term。
要使用Firebird ADO.net提供程序执行此操作，您可以执行以下示例。我已经提供了三种方法来创建表格Firebird3，Firebird2_5和FbScriptFB2_5（与Firebird2_5相同但使用FbScript）。它还显示了如何检索生成的密钥：
namespace FbGeneratedKeys
{
class Program
{
private static SolutionType solutionType = SolutionType.FbScriptFB2_5;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var connectionString = new FbConnectionStringBuilder
{
Database = @"D:\temp\generatedkey.fdb",
ServerType = FbServerType.Default,
UserID = "SYSDBA",
Password = "masterkey",
}.ToString();
FbConnection.CreateDatabase(connectionString, pageSize: 8192, overwrite : true);
using (FbConnection connection = new FbConnection(connectionString))
using (FbCommand cmd = new FbCommand())
{
connection.Open();
cmd.Connection = connection;
switch (solutionType) {
case SolutionType.Firebird3:
Firebird3Example(cmd);
break;
case SolutionType.Firebird2_5:
Firebird2_5Example(cmd);
break;
case SolutionType.FbScriptFB2_5:
FbScriptFB2_5Example(cmd);
break;
}
cmd.CommandText = @"insert into withgeneratedid(column2) values (@column2) returning id";
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@column2", "some value");
cmd.Parameters.Add(new FbParameter() { Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output });
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
Console.WriteLine("Id:" + cmd.Parameters[1].Value);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
private static void Firebird3Example(FbCommand cmd)
{
// Firebird 3 identity column
cmd.CommandText = @"create table withgeneratedid(
id integer generated by default as identity primary key,
column2 varchar(100)
)";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
private static void Firebird2_5Example(FbCommand cmd)
{
// Firebird 2.5 and earlier normal primary key with trigger to generate key
// Table
cmd.CommandText = @"create table withgeneratedid(
id integer primary key,
column2 varchar(100)
)";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
// Sequence
cmd.CommandText = "create sequence seq_withgeneratedid";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
// Trigger
cmd.CommandText = @"create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid
as
begin
if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid;
end";
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
private static void FbScriptFB2_5Example(FbCommand cmd)
{
string script = @"
create table withgeneratedid(
id integer primary key,
column2 varchar(100)
);
create sequence seq_withgeneratedid;
set term #;
create trigger withgeneratedid_bi before insert on withgeneratedid
as
begin
if (new.id is null) then new.id = next value for seq_withgeneratedid;
end#
set term ;#
";
FbScript fbScript = new FbScript(script);
fbScript.Parse();
FbBatchExecution exec = new FbBatchExecution(cmd.Connection);
exec.AppendSqlStatements(fbScript);
exec.Execute();
}
}
enum SolutionType
{
Firebird3,
Firebird2_5,
FbScriptFB2_5
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
说明：
public const string stMAIN_TABLE_NAME = " OrgTable ";
public const string stDELETED_TABLE_NAME = " BackupTable ";
public const string stFIELD_DEFINITIONS = " fstPriority VARCHAR(30)" +
", fstInfo VARCHAR(100)" +
", fstDateCreated VARCHAR(30)" +
", fstDateModified VARCHAR(30)" +
", fiKeyID INTEGER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY ";
public const string stFIELD_NAMES = " fstPriority" +
", fstInfo" +
", fstDateCreated" +
", fstDateModified" +
", fiKeyID ";
public const string stFIELD_NAMES_NO_KEY_ID = " fstPriority" +
", fstInfo" +
", fstDateCreated" +
", fstDateModified ";
代码：
//------------------------------
static private bool boCreateDatabaseTables(string stPathFilename,
string stUserID,
string stPassword,
List<string> liststTableNames,
List<string> liststFieldDefinitions)
{
bool boErrorFlag = false;
int iTablesCount = liststTableNames.Count();
string stOpenConn = new FbConnectionStringBuilder {
Database = stPathFilename,
UserID = stUserID,
Password = stPassword,
ServerType = FbServerType.Embedded,
ClientLibrary = stCLIENT_LIBRARY
}.ToString();
using (FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn)) {
try {
fbConn.Open();
FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction();
for (int ii = 0; ii < iTablesCount; ii++) {
string stSql = "CREATE TABLE " + liststTableNames[ii] + "( " + liststFieldDefinitions[ii] + ")";
FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand(stSql, fbConn, fbTransaction);
fbCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
fbTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
boErrorFlag = true;
MessageBox.Show("catch ... GlobalsFirebird ... boCreateDatabaseTables ... " + ex.Message);
}
}
return boErrorFlag;
}//boCreateDatabaseTables
//------------------------------
//------------------------------
static public bool boAddRow(string stPathFilename,
string stUserID,
string stPassword,
string stTableName,
string stFieldNamesNoKeyId,
List<string> liststFieldValuesNoKeyId)
{
bool boErrorFlag = false;
string stOpenConn = new FbConnectionStringBuilder {
Database = stPathFilename,
UserID = stUserID,
Password = stPassword,
ServerType = FbServerType.Embedded,
ClientLibrary = stCLIENT_LIBRARY
}.ToString();
using(FbConnection fbConn = new FbConnection(stOpenConn)) {
fbConn.Open();
try {
string stValuesPlaceHolder = "@p0";
for (int iii = 1; iii < liststFieldValuesNoKeyId.Count; iii++)
stValuesPlaceHolder += ", @p" + (iii).ToString();
FbTransaction fbTransaction = fbConn.BeginTransaction();
string stCmd = "INSERT INTO " + stTableName + "(" + stFieldNamesNoKeyId + ") VALUES ( " + stValuesPlaceHolder + " ) RETURNING fiKeyID ";
FbCommand fbCmd = new FbCommand(stCmd, fbConn, fbTransaction);
for (int iii = 0; iii < liststFieldValuesNoKeyId.Count; iii++) {
string stPlaceHolder = "@p" + (iii).ToString();
string stValue = liststFieldValuesNoKeyId[iii];
fbCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(stPlaceHolder, stValue);
}
fbCmd.Parameters.Add(new FbParameter() { Direction = System.Data.ParameterDirection.Output });
fbCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
fbTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
boErrorFlag = true;
MessageBox.Show("catch ... GlobalsFirebird ... boAddRow ... " + ex.Message);
}
}
return boErrorFlag;
}//boAddRow
//------------------------------