在生产中运行我的Express应用程序时,我希望在其进程被终止时正常关闭服务器(即发送SIGTERM或SIGINT)。
以下是我的代码的简化版本:
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
app.get('/', (req, res) => res.json({ ping: true }));
const server = app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Running…'));
setInterval(() => server.getConnections(
(err, connections) => console.log(`${connections} connections currently open`)
), 1000);
process.on('SIGTERM', shutDown);
process.on('SIGINT', shutDown);
function shutDown() {
console.log('Received kill signal, shutting down gracefully');
server.close(() => {
console.log('Closed out remaining connections');
process.exit(0);
});
setTimeout(() => {
console.error('Could not close connections in time, forcefully shutting down');
process.exit(1);
}, 10000);
}
当我在浏览器中运行它并调用URL http://localhost:3000/时,setInterval函数中的日志语句将继续打印“1个当前打开的连接”,直到我实际关闭浏览器窗口。即使关闭标签,显然也会保持连接处于打开状态。
所以,我按Ctrl + C杀了我的服务器,它将进入超时并在10秒后打印“无法关闭连接”,同时继续打印“1个连接打开”。
只有在我杀死进程之前关闭浏览器窗口时,才会收到“已关闭的剩余连接”消息。
我在这里缺少什么?正常关闭Express服务器的正确方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:27)
如果有人有兴趣,我自己找到了一个解决方案(很想听到评论中的反馈)。
我为服务器上打开的连接添加了一个侦听器,在数组中存储对这些连接的引用。关闭连接后,它们将从阵列中删除。
当服务器被终止时,通过调用其end
方法关闭每个连接。对于某些浏览器(例如Chrome),这还不够,所以在超时后,我会在每个连接上调用destroy
。
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
app.get('/', (req, res) => res.json({ ping: true }));
const server = app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Running…'));
setInterval(() => server.getConnections(
(err, connections) => console.log(`${connections} connections currently open`)
), 1000);
process.on('SIGTERM', shutDown);
process.on('SIGINT', shutDown);
let connections = [];
server.on('connection', connection => {
connections.push(connection);
connection.on('close', () => connections = connections.filter(curr => curr !== connection));
});
function shutDown() {
console.log('Received kill signal, shutting down gracefully');
server.close(() => {
console.log('Closed out remaining connections');
process.exit(0);
});
setTimeout(() => {
console.error('Could not close connections in time, forcefully shutting down');
process.exit(1);
}, 10000);
connections.forEach(curr => curr.end());
setTimeout(() => connections.forEach(curr => curr.destroy()), 5000);
}
答案 1 :(得分:10)
您遇到的问题是,所有现代浏览器都会针对多个请求重复使用单个连接。这称为保持活动连接。
处理此问题的正确方法是监控所有新连接和请求,并跟踪每个连接的状态(现在是空闲还是活动)。然后,您可以强制关闭所有空闲连接,并确保在处理当前请求后关闭活动连接。
我实施了@moebius/http-graceful-shutdown模块,专门用于优雅地关闭Express应用程序和节点服务器。可悲的是,也没有Express,Node本身也没有内置的这个功能。
以下是它如何与任何Express应用程序一起使用:
const express = require('express');
const GracefulShutdownManager = require('@moebius/http-graceful-shutdown').GracefulShutdownManager;
const app = express();
const server = app.listen(8080);
const shutdownManager = new GracefulShutdownManager(server);
process.on('SIGTERM', () => {
shutdownManager.terminate(() => {
console.log('Server is gracefully terminated');
});
});
随意退房the module,GitHub页面有更多详情。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
Express(https://github.com/godaddy/terminus)的创建者推荐了一个开源项目https://expressjs.com/en/advanced/healthcheck-graceful-shutdown.html。
使用终端的基本示例:
const http = require('http');
const express = require('express');
const terminus = require('@godaddy/terminus');
const app = express();
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send('ok');
});
const server = http.createServer(app);
function onSignal() {
console.log('server is starting cleanup');
// start cleanup of resource, like databases or file descriptors
}
async function onHealthCheck() {
// checks if the system is healthy, like the db connection is live
// resolves, if health, rejects if not
}
terminus(server, {
signal: 'SIGINT',
healthChecks: {
'/healthcheck': onHealthCheck,
},
onSignal
});
server.listen(3000);
在需要服务器生命周期回调(例如,从服务注册表中注销实例等)的情况下,终端有很多选择:
const options = {
// healtcheck options
healthChecks: {
'/healthcheck': healthCheck // a promise returning function indicating service health
},
// cleanup options
timeout: 1000, // [optional = 1000] number of milliseconds before forcefull exiting
signal, // [optional = 'SIGTERM'] what signal to listen for relative to shutdown
signals, // [optional = []] array of signals to listen for relative to shutdown
beforeShutdown, // [optional] called before the HTTP server starts its shutdown
onSignal, // [optional] cleanup function, returning a promise (used to be onSigterm)
onShutdown, // [optional] called right before exiting
// both
logger // [optional] logger function to be called with errors
};
答案 3 :(得分:1)
尝试NPM express-graceful-shutdown module,正常关闭将允许包括数据库在内的任何连接完成,不允许建立任何新的/新的连接。由于您正在使用可能是您正在寻找的模块,但是快速的NPM搜索将显示适合Http服务器等的整个模块列表。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
正确处理操作系统信号:https://www.npmjs.com/package/daemonix
正常关闭Express:https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stringstack/express https://www.npmjs.com/package/@stringstack/core
这种工具组合将在关闭时停止新的连接,允许现有连接完成,然后最终退出。
答案 5 :(得分:0)
如果允许的话,还有一个更好的解决方案,就是使用server-destroy
软件包来减少工作量。在内部,此软件包将在每次连接后正常终止,然后允许服务器被“销毁”。在这种情况下,我们确保最终结束Express应用程序(如果使用调用函数,则有可能再次启动它)。这对我使用电子的作品有效,并且可以潜在地移植到标准服务器上:
const express = require('express')
const { ipcMain } = require('electron')
const enableDestroy = require('server-destroy')
const port = process.env.PORT || 3000
export const wsServer = () => {
try {
let app = null
let server = null
const startServer = () => {
if (app) {
app = null
}
app = express()
app.use(express.static('public'))
app.use('/', (req, res) => {
res.send('hello!')
})
server = app.listen(3000, () => {
console.log('websocket server is ready.')
console.log(`Running webserver on http://localhost:${port}`)
})
enableDestroy(server)
}
const stopServer = () => {
if (server !== null) {
server.destroy()
app = null
server = null
}
}
const restartServer = () => {
stopServer()
startServer()
}
ipcMain.on('start-socket-service', (event) => {
startServer()
console.log('Start Server...')
event.returnValue = 'Service Started'
})
ipcMain.on('stop-socket-service', (event) => {
stopServer()
console.log('Stop Server...')
event.returnValue = 'Service Stopped'
})
ipcMain.on('restart-socket-service', () => {
restartServer()
})
} catch (e) {
console.log(e)
}
}