对于类赋值,我必须实现一个简单的UNIX shell的一部分。它必须支持重定向,管道和背景。我提供了一个解析器来填充一个名为Command_line的结构(我将在下面包含结构原型)。我的工作是编写一个处理这些Command_lines的函数(处理重定向,后台处理,管道和执行程序)。
我几乎让它工作但由于某种原因它无法正确处理 program1 |形式的命令program2 - 文件。例如,cat< file1.in | cat - file2.in。这个问题似乎没有在重定向中,因为我已经编写了测试程序放在管道前面,不需要重定向,但仍然会导致同样的问题。流水线在大多数情况下都有效;只是这些程序以“ - ”作为引发问题的论据。
当我运行其中一个有问题的命令行时,会打印第一个程序的输出并且进程挂起(我必须手动挂起并终止它)。它之后不会给用户提示或对输入做出反应(除了我用来暂停进程的ctrl + z)。
非常感谢任何关于如何使这项工作的建议。
这是结构:
/* This is the structure that holds the information about a parsed
* command line. The argvs array is an array of string vectors; in
* other words, for some int i, argvs[i] is an array of strings.
* You should be able to use argvs[i] in calls to one of the execv*()
* functions.
*/
typedef struct {
char *argvs[MAX_PROGS + 1][MAX_ARGS + 1];
int num_progs; /* Number of argument vectors; if > 1, piping is requested */
char *infile; /* Name of stdin redirect file; NULL if no redirection */
char *outfile; /* Name of stdout redirect file; NULL if no redirection */
int append; /* Is output redirection appending? */
int bg; /* Put command into background? */
} Command_line;
我的代码处理其中一个结构(我遗漏了#includes)。
pid_t runproc(int fd[][2], int num, Command_line *cmd);
void execute_command_line(Command_line *cmd) {
int n;
int temp_pipe[2];
int fd[MAX_PROGS-1][2];
pid_t pids[MAX_PROGS];
/* Clears pipes (sets all values to -1*/
for(n = 0; n < cmd->num_progs; n++){
fd[n][0] = -1;
fd[n][1] = -1;
}
/*Uses temp_pipe to connect write end of nth pipe to read end of (n+1)th
pipe*/
for(n = 0; n < cmd->num_progs - 1; n++){
pipe(temp_pipe);
fd[n][1] = temp_pipe[1];
fd[n+1][0] = temp_pipe[0];
}
/*If input file redirection is occuring, redirects read end of first pipe to
file*/
if(cmd->infile){
fd[0][0] = open(cmd->infile, O_RDONLY);
if(fd[0][0] < 0){
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}
}
/*If output file redirection is occurring, redirects write end of last pipe to
file. Sets append option according to append field of command*/
if(cmd->outfile){
if(cmd->append){
fd[cmd->num_progs - 1][1] = open(cmd->outfile, O_APPEND | O_WRONLY);
if(fd[cmd->num_progs - 1][1] < 0){
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}
}else{
fd[cmd->num_progs - 1][1] = open(cmd->outfile, O_WRONLY);
if(fd[cmd->num_progs - 1][1] < 0){
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}
}
}
/*Runs runproc for every program in pipe, stores return values (pids of
children) in array*/
for(n = 0; n < cmd->num_progs; n++){
pids[n] = runproc(fd, n, cmd);
}
/*Closes all pipes*/
for(n = 0; n < cmd->num_progs; n++){
if(fd[n][0] >= 0) close(fd[n][0]);
if(fd[n][1] >= 0) close(fd[n][1]);
}
/*Waits for all children*/
for(n = 0; n < cmd->num_progs; n++){
wait(NULL);
}
}
pid_t runproc(int fd[][2], int num, Command_line *cmd){
pid_t pid;
int n;
int frk_chk;
pid = fork();
if(pid < 0){
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}else if (!pid){ /*Child code*/
/*Redirects stdin/stdout of process to read/write end of corresponding
pipe*/
if(fd[num][0] >= 0) dup2(fd[num][0], STDIN_FILENO);
if(fd[num][1] >= 0) dup2(fd[num][1], STDOUT_FILENO);
/*Closes pipe ends*/
for(n=0; n < cmd->num_progs - 1; n++){
if(fd[num][0] >= 0) close(fd[num][0]);
if(fd[num][1] >= 0) close(fd[num][1]);
}
/*If backgrounding: forks, parent exits, child executes program.
If not backgrounding: program just executes*/
if(cmd->bg){
if((frk_chk = fork()) < 0){
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}else if(frk_chk){
exit(0);
}else{
if(!(cmd->infile) && num == 0) close(STDIN_FILENO);
execvp(cmd->argvs[num][0], cmd->argvs[num]);
}
}else{
if(!num){
dup2(fd[0][1], STDOUT_FILENO);
}
execvp(cmd->argvs[num][0], cmd->argvs[num]);
}
printf("Error executing command\n");
exit(1);
}else{ /*Parent code*/
/*Returns pid of child, used for reaping loop*/
return pid;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:0)
在run_proc()
循环中的/*close pipe ends*/
内,
它应该是
for(n=0; n < cmd->num_progs - 1; n++)
{
if(fd[n][0] >= 0) close(fd[n][0]);
if(fd[n][1] >= 0) close(fd[n][1]);
}