我想使用PowerShell查找包含字符串foo的特定配置单元中的所有注册表项和值，可能嵌入在更长的字符串中。找到钥匙并不难：
get-childitem -path hkcu:\ -recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "*foo*"}
问题是我不知道找到值的最佳方法，因为我不知道提前属性的名称。我试过这个：
get-childitem -path hkcu:\ -recurse -erroraction silentlycontinue | get-itemproperty | where {$_.'(default)' -like "*foo*"}
但得到了这个错误：
get-itemproperty : Specified cast is not valid.
At line:1 char:69
+ ... u:\ -recurse -erroraction silentlycontinue | get-itemproperty | where ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-ItemProperty], InvalidCastException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.InvalidCastException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetItemPropertyCommand
即使我将-ErrorAction SilentlyContinue添加到get-itemproperty。
此外，它只能找到(default)键的值。
此外，是否可以在单个命令中搜索所有配置单元？
答案 0 :(得分：3)
每个密钥都有GetValueNames()，GetValueKind()和GetValue()方法，可以枚举子值。您也可以使用GetSubKeyNames()而非依赖Get-ChildItem -Recurse来枚举密钥。
要回答有关搜索多个配置单元的问题：如果您从Get-ChildItem Registry::\开始，则可以查看所有配置单元并在那里开始搜索。您可能希望坚持使用HKLM和HKCU（如果装有其他用户配置单元，则可能是HKU）。
这是我在TechNet gallery上创建的示例实现：
function Search-Registry {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Searches registry key names, value names, and value data (limited).
.DESCRIPTION
This function can search registry key names, value names, and value data (in a limited fashion). It outputs custom objects that contain the key and the first match type (KeyName, ValueName, or ValueData).
.EXAMPLE
Search-Registry -Path HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\* -SearchRegex "svchost" -ValueData
.EXAMPLE
Search-Registry -Path HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft -Recurse -ValueNameRegex "ValueName1|ValueName2" -ValueDataRegex "ValueData" -KeyNameRegex "KeyNameToFind1|KeyNameToFind2"
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory, Position=0, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName)]
[Alias("PsPath")]
# Registry path to search
[string[]] $Path,
# Specifies whether or not all subkeys should also be searched
[switch] $Recurse,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="SingleSearchString", Mandatory)]
# A regular expression that will be checked against key names, value names, and value data (depending on the specified switches)
[string] $SearchRegex,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="SingleSearchString")]
# When the -SearchRegex parameter is used, this switch means that key names will be tested (if none of the three switches are used, keys will be tested)
[switch] $KeyName,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="SingleSearchString")]
# When the -SearchRegex parameter is used, this switch means that the value names will be tested (if none of the three switches are used, value names will be tested)
[switch] $ValueName,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="SingleSearchString")]
# When the -SearchRegex parameter is used, this switch means that the value data will be tested (if none of the three switches are used, value data will be tested)
[switch] $ValueData,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="MultipleSearchStrings")]
# Specifies a regex that will be checked against key names only
[string] $KeyNameRegex,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="MultipleSearchStrings")]
# Specifies a regex that will be checked against value names only
[string] $ValueNameRegex,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName="MultipleSearchStrings")]
# Specifies a regex that will be checked against value data only
[string] $ValueDataRegex
)
begin {
switch ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName) {
SingleSearchString {
$NoSwitchesSpecified = -not ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("KeyName") -or $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("ValueName") -or $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey("ValueData"))
if ($KeyName -or $NoSwitchesSpecified) { $KeyNameRegex = $SearchRegex }
if ($ValueName -or $NoSwitchesSpecified) { $ValueNameRegex = $SearchRegex }
if ($ValueData -or $NoSwitchesSpecified) { $ValueDataRegex = $SearchRegex }
}
MultipleSearchStrings {
# No extra work needed
}
}
}
process {
foreach ($CurrentPath in $Path) {
Get-ChildItem $CurrentPath -Recurse:$Recurse |
ForEach-Object {
$Key = $_
if ($KeyNameRegex) {
Write-Verbose ("{0}: Checking KeyNamesRegex" -f $Key.Name)
if ($Key.PSChildName -match $KeyNameRegex) {
Write-Verbose " -> Match found!"
return [PSCustomObject] @{
Key = $Key
Reason = "KeyName"
}
}
}
if ($ValueNameRegex) {
Write-Verbose ("{0}: Checking ValueNamesRegex" -f $Key.Name)
if ($Key.GetValueNames() -match $ValueNameRegex) {
Write-Verbose " -> Match found!"
return [PSCustomObject] @{
Key = $Key
Reason = "ValueName"
}
}
}
if ($ValueDataRegex) {
Write-Verbose ("{0}: Checking ValueDataRegex" -f $Key.Name)
if (($Key.GetValueNames() | % { $Key.GetValue($_) }) -match $ValueDataRegex) {
Write-Verbose " -> Match!"
return [PSCustomObject] @{
Key = $Key
Reason = "ValueData"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
我暂时没有看过它，我肯定可以看到它的某些部分应该改变以使其更好，但它应该作为你的起点。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
这是get-itemproperty的替代，它以一种简单的方式转储了注册表。与where-object一起使用很容易。您也可以通过管道将其传递给set-itemproperty。
function get-itemproperty2 {
# get-childitem skips top level key, use get-item for that
# set-alias gp2 get-itemproperty2
param([parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]$key)
process {
$key.getvaluenames() | foreach-object {
$value = $_
[pscustomobject] @{
Path = $Key -replace 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER',
'HKCU:' -replace 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','HKLM:'
Name = $Value
Value = $Key.GetValue($Value)
Type = $Key.GetValueKind($Value)
}
}
}
}
ls -r hkcu:\key1 | get-itemproperty2 | where name -eq name
Path Name Value Type
---- ---- ----- ----
HKCU:\key1\key2 name 1 DWord
ls -r hkcu:\key1 | get-itemproperty2 | where name -eq name | set-itemproperty -value 0
ls -r hkcu:\key1 | get-itemproperty2 | where name -eq name
Path Name Value Type
---- ---- ----- ----
HKCU:\key1\key2 name 0 DWord
# pipe 2 commands to one
$(get-item hkcu:\key1; ls -r hkcu:\key1 ) | get-itemproperty2
Path Name Value Type
---- ---- ----- ----
HKCU:\key1 multi {hi, there} MultiString
HKCU:\key1\key2 name 0 DWord
HKCU:\key1\key2 name2 0 String
HKCU:\key1\key2\key3 name3 {18, 52, 80} Binary
答案 2 :(得分：0)
这里是通过Powershell超快速执行注册表搜索的情况，以防您需要扫描注册表的大部分内容： https://stackoverflow.com/a/55853204