我有一个Spring Boot应用程序，它使用JMS连接到队列并侦听传入的消息。在应用程序中，我有一个集成测试，它将一些消息发送到队列，然后确保当侦听器实际发生新消息时应该发生的事情。
我用@DirtiesContext(classMode=ClassMode.AFTER_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
注释了我的测试类，以确保每次测试后我的数据库都是干净的。每个测试在隔离运行时都会通过。但是，当第一次测试成功通过后，当它们全部一起运行时，下一个测试将失败，下面的例外当被测代码试图将实体保存到数据库时：
org.springframework.transaction.CannotCreateTransactionException: Could not open JPA EntityManager for transaction; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: EntityManagerFactory is closed
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:431) ~[spring-orm-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:373) ~[spring-tx-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.createTransactionIfNecessary(TransactionAspectSupport.java:447) ~[spring-tx-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:277) ~[spring-tx-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) ~[spring-tx-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179) ~[spring-aop-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213) ~[spring-aop-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy95.handleWorkflowEvent(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
at com.mottmac.processflow.infra.jms.EventListener.onWorkflowEvent(EventListener.java:51) ~[classes/:na]
at com.mottmac.processflow.infra.jms.EventListener.onMessage(EventListener.java:61) ~[classes/:na]
at org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQMessageConsumer.dispatch(ActiveMQMessageConsumer.java:1401) [activemq-client-5.14.3.jar:5.14.3]
at org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQSessionExecutor.dispatch(ActiveMQSessionExecutor.java:131) [activemq-client-5.14.3.jar:5.14.3]
at org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQSessionExecutor.iterate(ActiveMQSessionExecutor.java:202) [activemq-client-5.14.3.jar:5.14.3]
at org.apache.activemq.thread.PooledTaskRunner.runTask(PooledTaskRunner.java:133) [activemq-client-5.14.3.jar:5.14.3]
at org.apache.activemq.thread.PooledTaskRunner$1.run(PooledTaskRunner.java:48) [activemq-client-5.14.3.jar:5.14.3]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_77]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_77]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [na:1.8.0_77]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: EntityManagerFactory is closed
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.validateNotClosed(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:367) ~[hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.11.Final.jar:5.0.11.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.internalCreateEntityManager(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:316) ~[hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.11.Final.jar:5.0.11.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.createEntityManager(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:286) ~[hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.11.Final.jar:5.0.11.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.createEntityManagerForTransaction(JpaTransactionManager.java:449) ~[spring-orm-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:369) ~[spring-orm-4.3.6.RELEASE.jar:4.3.6.RELEASE]
... 17 common frames omitted
我的测试班：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { TestGovernance.class })
@DirtiesContext(classMode=ClassMode.AFTER_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
public class ActivitiIntegrationTest
{
private static final String TEST_PROCESS_KEY = "oneTaskProcess";
private static final String FIRST_TASK_KEY = "theTask";
private static final String NEXT_TASK_KEY = "nextTask";
@Autowired
private JmsTemplate jms;
@Autowired
private WorkflowEventRepository eventRepository;
@Autowired
private TaskService taskService;
@Test
public void workFlowEventForRunningTaskMovesItToTheNextStage() throws InterruptedException
{
sendMessageToCreateNewInstanceOfProcess(TEST_PROCESS_KEY);
Task activeTask = getActiveTask();
assertThat(activeTask.getTaskDefinitionKey(), is(FIRST_TASK_KEY));
sendMessageToUpdateExistingTask(activeTask.getProcessInstanceId(), FIRST_TASK_KEY);
Task nextTask = getActiveTask();
assertThat(nextTask.getTaskDefinitionKey(), is(NEXT_TASK_KEY));
}
@Test
public void newWorkflowEventIsSavedToDatabaseAndKicksOffTask() throws InterruptedException
{
sendMessageToCreateNewInstanceOfProcess(TEST_PROCESS_KEY);
assertThat(eventRepository.findAll(), hasSize(1));
}
@Test
public void newWorkflowEventKicksOffTask() throws InterruptedException
{
sendMessageToCreateNewInstanceOfProcess(TEST_PROCESS_KEY);
Task activeTask = getActiveTask();
assertThat(activeTask.getTaskDefinitionKey(), is(FIRST_TASK_KEY));
}
private void sendMessageToUpdateExistingTask(String processId, String event) throws InterruptedException
{
WorkflowEvent message = new WorkflowEvent();
message.setRaisedDt(ZonedDateTime.now());
message.setEvent(event);
// Existing
message.setIdWorkflowInstance(processId);
jms.convertAndSend("workflow", message);
Thread.sleep(5000);
}
private void sendMessageToCreateNewInstanceOfProcess(String event) throws InterruptedException
{
WorkflowEvent message = new WorkflowEvent();
message.setRaisedDt(ZonedDateTime.now());
message.setEvent(event);
jms.convertAndSend("workflow", message);
Thread.sleep(5000);
}
private Task getActiveTask()
{
// For some reason the tasks in the task service are hanging around even
// though the context is being reloaded. This means we have to get the
// ID of the only task in the database (since it has been cleaned
// properly) and use it to look up the task.
WorkflowEvent workflowEvent = eventRepository.findAll().get(0);
Task activeTask = taskService.createTaskQuery().processInstanceId(workflowEvent.getIdWorkflowInstance().toString()).singleResult();
return activeTask;
}
}
在应用程序中抛出异常的方法（repository只是标准的Spring Data CrudRepository）：
@Override
@Transactional
public void handleWorkflowEvent(WorkflowEvent event)
{
try
{
logger.info("Handling workflow event[{}]", event);
// Exception is thrown here:
repository.save(event);
logger.info("Saved event to the database [{}]", event);
if(event.getIdWorkflowInstance() == null)
{
String newWorkflow = engine.newWorkflow(event.getEvent(), event.getVariables());
event.setIdWorkflowInstance(newWorkflow);
}
else
{
engine.moveToNextStage(event.getIdWorkflowInstance(), event.getEvent(), event.getVariables());
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
logger.error("Error while handling workflow event:" , e);
}
}
我的测试配置类：
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJms
@TestConfiguration
public class TestGovernance
{
private static final String WORKFLOW_QUEUE_NAME = "workflow";
@Bean
public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory()
{
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("vm://localhost?broker.persistent=false");
return connectionFactory;
}
@Bean
public EventListenerJmsConnection connection(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) throws NamingException, JMSException
{
// Look up ConnectionFactory and Queue
Destination destination = new ActiveMQQueue(WORKFLOW_QUEUE_NAME);
// Create Connection
Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
Session listenerSession = connection.createSession(false, Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE);
MessageConsumer receiver = listenerSession.createConsumer(destination);
EventListenerJmsConnection eventListenerConfig = new EventListenerJmsConnection(receiver, connection);
return eventListenerConfig;
}
}
JMS消息监听器（不确定这是否有帮助）：
/**
* Provides an endpoint which will listen for new JMS messages carrying
* {@link WorkflowEvent} objects.
*/
@Service
public class EventListener implements MessageListener
{
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EventListener.class);
private WorkflowEventHandler eventHandler;
private MessageConverter messageConverter;
private EventListenerJmsConnection listenerConnection;
@Autowired
public EventListener(EventListenerJmsConnection listenerConnection, WorkflowEventHandler eventHandler, MessageConverter messageConverter)
{
this.eventHandler = eventHandler;
this.messageConverter = messageConverter;
this.listenerConnection = listenerConnection;
}
@PostConstruct
public void setUpConnection() throws NamingException, JMSException
{
listenerConnection.setMessageListener(this);
listenerConnection.start();
}
private void onWorkflowEvent(WorkflowEvent event)
{
logger.info("Recieved new workflow event [{}]", event);
eventHandler.handleWorkflowEvent(event);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message)
{
try
{
message.acknowledge();
WorkflowEvent fromMessage = (WorkflowEvent) messageConverter.fromMessage(message);
onWorkflowEvent((WorkflowEvent) fromMessage);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
logger.error("Error: ", e);
}
}
}
我尝试添加@Transactional' to the test methods and removing it from the code under test and various combinations with no success. I've also tried adding various test execution listeners and I still can't get it to work. If I remove the @ DirtiesContext`然后异常消失，所有测试都会毫无例外地运行（但它们会因为我预期的那样失败并出现断言错误。）
非常感谢任何帮助。到目前为止，我的搜索结果还没有出现，一切都表明@DirtiesContext应该有用。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
使用@DirtiesContext这是一个可怕的想法（imho）你应该做的是进行测试@Transactional。我还建议删除Thread.sleep并使用类似awaitility的内容。
理论上，当您执行查询时，应提交所有挂起的更改，以便您可以使用awaitility检查最多6秒，以查看数据库中是否存在某些内容。如果这不起作用，您可以尝试在查询之前添加刷新。
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { TestGovernance.class })
@Transactional
public class ActivitiIntegrationTest {
private static final String TEST_PROCESS_KEY = "oneTaskProcess";
private static final String FIRST_TASK_KEY = "theTask";
private static final String NEXT_TASK_KEY = "nextTask";
@Autowired
private JmsTemplate jms;
@Autowired
private WorkflowEventRepository eventRepository;
@Autowired
private TaskService taskService;
@Autowired
private EntityManager em;
@Test
public void workFlowEventForRunningTaskMovesItToTheNextStage() throws InterruptedException
{
sendMessageToCreateNewInstanceOfProcess(TEST_PROCESS_KEY);
await().atMost(6, SECONDS).until(getActiveTask() != null);
Task activeTask = getActiveTask());
assertThat(activeTask.getTaskDefinitionKey(), is(FIRST_TASK_KEY));
sendMessageToUpdateExistingTask(activeTask.getProcessInstanceId(), FIRST_TASK_KEY);
Task nextTask = getActiveTask();
assertThat(nextTask.getTaskDefinitionKey(), is(NEXT_TASK_KEY));
}
private Task getActiveTask()
{
em.flush(); // simulate a commit
// For some reason the tasks in the task service are hanging around even
// though the context is being reloaded. This means we have to get the
// ID of the only task in the database (since it has been cleaned
// properly) and use it to look up the task.
WorkflowEvent workflowEvent = eventRepository.findAll().get(0);
Task activeTask = taskService.createTaskQuery().processInstanceId(workflowEvent.getIdWorkflowInstance().toString()).singleResult();
return activeTask;
}
}
您可能需要/想要稍微改善一下getActiveTask return null，或者这种改变可能会使其表现得像您预期的那样。
我只是做了一个你自己可能弄明白的方法。使用这种方法获得的收益可能是2倍，1它不会再等待5秒但更少，而且您不必在测试之间重新加载整个应用程序。两者都应该使您的测试更快。