早上好，
我是一名A级计算机科学老师，随着他们的预发布材料考试的到来，他们正忙着努力让事情发挥作用。
我没有教授课程的编程方面，专注于理论，他们的编程老师已经生病了一段时间，所以我正在尽我所能，但没有时间来支持高端。
他们在Python中的预发布材料是基于狐狸和兔子的游戏，其中一个学生正在尝试创建一个名为“GiantWarren”的类，它继承了warren的属性和功能，但是它是一个更大的实例。
他的代码在下面，他正在使用'super'来尝试继承warren的功能，但除非他复制和粘贴函数，否则它将无法工作。任何有关如何获得超级工作的帮助都将不仅仅是我，而且我的学生也非常感激：
注 - Warren是第228行，GiantWarren是第351行
#Skeleton Program code for the AQA A Level Paper 1 2017 examination
#this code should be used in conjunction with the Preliminary Material
#written by the AQA Programmer Team
#developed in the Python 3.4.1 programming environment
import enum
import random
import math
class Location:
def __init__(self):
self.Fox = None
self.Warren = None
class Simulation:
def __init__(self, LandscapeSize, InitialWarrenCount, InitialFoxCount, Variability, FixedInitialLocations):
self.__ViewRabbits = ""
self.__TimePeriod = 0
self.__WarrenCount = 0
self.__FoxCount = 0
self.__ShowDetail = False
self.__LandscapeSize = LandscapeSize
self.__Variability = Variability
self.__FixedInitialLocations = FixedInitialLocations
self.__Landscape = []
for Count1 in range (self.__LandscapeSize):
LandscapeRow = []
for Count2 in range (self.__LandscapeSize):
LandscapeLocation = None
LandscapeRow.append(LandscapeLocation)
self.__Landscape.append(LandscapeRow)
self.__CreateLandscapeAndAnimals(InitialWarrenCount, InitialFoxCount, self.__FixedInitialLocations)
self.__DrawLandscape()
MenuOption = 0
while (self.__WarrenCount > 0 or self.__FoxCount > 0) and MenuOption != 5:
print()
print("0. Advance 10 time periods hiding detail")
print("1. Advance to next time period showing detail")
print("2. Advance to next time period hiding detail")
print("3. Inspect fox")
print("4. Inspect warren")
print("5. Exit")
print()
try:
MenuOption = int(input("Select option: "))
except:
print("What you have entered is not an integer. Try again")
if MenuOption == 0:
for a in range(1, 11):
self.__TimePeriod += 1
self.__ShowDetail = False
self.__AdvanceTimePeriod()
if MenuOption == 1:
self.__TimePeriod += 1
self.__ShowDetail = True
self.__AdvanceTimePeriod()
if MenuOption == 2:
self.__TimePeriod += 1
self.__ShowDetail = False
self.__AdvanceTimePeriod()
if MenuOption == 3:
x = self.__InputCoordinate("x")
y = self.__InputCoordinate("y")
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox is None:
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.Inspect()
if MenuOption == 4:
x = self.__InputCoordinate("x")
y = self.__InputCoordinate("y")
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren is None:
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.Inspect()
self.__ViewRabbits = input("View individual rabbits (y/n)? ")
if self.__ViewRabbits == "y":
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.ListRabbits()
input()
def __InputCoordinate(self, CoordinateName):
Coordinate = int(input(" Input " + CoordinateName + " coordinate:"))
return Coordinate
def __AdvanceTimePeriod(self):
NewFoxCount = 0
if self.__ShowDetail:
print()
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
for y in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren is None:
if self.__ShowDetail:
print("Warren at (", x, ",", y, "):", sep = "")
print(" Period Start: ", end = "")
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.Inspect()
if self.__FoxCount > 0:
self.__FoxesEatRabbitsInWarren(x, y)
if self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.NeedToCreateNewWarren():
self.__CreateNewWarren()
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.AdvanceGeneration(self.__ShowDetail)
if self.__ShowDetail:
print(" Period End: ", end = "")
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.Inspect()
input()
if self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.WarrenHasDiedOut():
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren = None
self.__WarrenCount -= 1
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
for y in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox is None:
if self.__ShowDetail:
print("Fox at (", x, ",", y, "): ", sep = "")
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.AdvanceGeneration(self.__ShowDetail)
if self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.CheckIfDead():
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox = None
self.__FoxCount -= 1
else:
if self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.ReproduceThisPeriod():
if self.__ShowDetail:
print(" Fox has reproduced. ")
NewFoxCount += 1
if self.__ShowDetail:
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.Inspect()
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox.ResetFoodConsumed()
if NewFoxCount > 0:
if self.__ShowDetail:
print("New foxes born: ")
for f in range (0, NewFoxCount):
self.__CreateNewFox()
if self.__ShowDetail:
input()
self.__DrawLandscape()
print()
def __CreateLandscapeAndAnimals(self, InitialWarrenCount, InitialFoxCount, FixedInitialLocations):
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
for y in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
self.__Landscape[x][y] = Location()
if FixedInitialLocations:
self.__Landscape[1][1].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability, 38)
self.__Landscape[2][8].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability, 80)
self.__Landscape[9][7].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability, 20)
self.__Landscape[10][3].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability, 52)
self.__Landscape[13][4].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability, 67)
self.__Landscape[11][4].Warren = GiantWarren(self.__Variability, 115)
self.__WarrenCount = 6
self.__Landscape[2][10].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__Landscape[6][1].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__Landscape[8][6].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__Landscape[11][13].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__Landscape[12][4].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__FoxCount = 5
else:
for w in range (0, InitialWarrenCount):
self.__CreateNewWarren()
for f in range (0, InitialFoxCount):
self.__CreateNewFox()
def __CreateNewWarren(self):
x = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
y = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
while not self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren is None:
x = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
y = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
if self.__ShowDetail:
print("New Warren at (", x, ",", y, ")", sep = "")
self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren = Warren(self.__Variability)
self.__WarrenCount += 1
def __CreateNewFox(self):
x = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
y = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
while not self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox is None:
x = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
y = random.randint(0, self.__LandscapeSize - 1)
if self.__ShowDetail:
print(" New Fox at (", x, ",", y, ")", sep = "")
self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox = Fox(self.__Variability)
self.__FoxCount += 1
def __FoxesEatRabbitsInWarren(self, WarrenX, WarrenY):
RabbitCountAtStartOfPeriod = self.__Landscape[WarrenX][WarrenY].Warren.GetRabbitCount()
for FoxX in range(0, self.__LandscapeSize):
for FoxY in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if not self.__Landscape[FoxX][FoxY].Fox is None:
Dist = self.__DistanceBetween(FoxX, FoxY, WarrenX, WarrenY)
if Dist <= 3.5:
PercentToEat = 20
elif Dist <= 7:
PercentToEat = 10
else:
PercentToEat = 0
RabbitsToEat = int(round(float(PercentToEat * RabbitCountAtStartOfPeriod / 100)))
FoodConsumed = self.__Landscape[WarrenX][WarrenY].Warren.EatRabbits(RabbitsToEat)
self.__Landscape[FoxX][FoxY].Fox.GiveFood(FoodConsumed)
if self.__ShowDetail:
print(" ", FoodConsumed, " rabbits eaten by fox at (", FoxX, ",", FoxY, ").", sep = "")
def __DistanceBetween(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
return math.sqrt((pow(x1 - x2, 2) + pow(y1 - y2, 2)))
def __DrawLandscape(self):
print()
print("TIME PERIOD:", self.__TimePeriod)
print()
print(" ", end = "")
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if x < 10:
print(" ", end = "")
print(x, "|", end = "")
print()
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize * 4 + 3):
print("-", end = "")
print()
for y in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if y < 10:
print(" ", end = "")
print("", y, "|", sep = "", end = "")
for x in range (0, self.__LandscapeSize):
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren is None:
if self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.GetRabbitCount() < 10:
print(" ", end = "")
print(self.__Landscape[x][y].Warren.GetRabbitCount(), end = "")
else:
print(" ", end = "")
if not self.__Landscape[x][y].Fox is None:
print("F", end = "")
else:
print(" ", end = "")
print("|", end = "")
print()
class Warren:
def __init__(self, Variability, RabbitCount = 0):
self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN = 99
self.__RabbitCount = RabbitCount
self.__PeriodsRun = 0
self.__AlreadySpread = False
self.__Variability = Variability
self.__Rabbits = []
for Count in range(0, self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN):
self.__Rabbits.append(None)
if self.__RabbitCount == 0:
self.__RabbitCount = int(self.__CalculateRandomValue(int(self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN / 4), self.__Variability))
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
self.__Rabbits[r] = Rabbit(self.__Variability)
def __CalculateRandomValue(self, BaseValue, Variability):
return BaseValue - (BaseValue * Variability / 100) + (BaseValue * random.randint(0, Variability * 2) / 100)
def GetRabbitCount(self):
return self.__RabbitCount
def NeedToCreateNewWarren(self):
if self.__RabbitCount == self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN and not self.__AlreadySpread:
self.__AlreadySpread = True
return True
else:
return False
def WarrenHasDiedOut(self):
if self.__RabbitCount == 0:
return True
else:
return False
def AdvanceGeneration(self, ShowDetail):
self.__PeriodsRun += 1
if self.__RabbitCount > 0:
self.__KillByOtherFactors(ShowDetail)
if self.__RabbitCount > 0:
self.__AgeRabbits(ShowDetail)
if self.__RabbitCount > 0 and self.__RabbitCount <= self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN:
if self.__ContainsMales():
self.__MateRabbits(ShowDetail)
if self.__RabbitCount == 0 and ShowDetail:
print(" All rabbits in warren are dead")
def EatRabbits(self, RabbitsToEat):
DeathCount = 0
if RabbitsToEat > self.__RabbitCount:
RabbitsToEat = self.__RabbitCount
while DeathCount < RabbitsToEat:
RabbitNumber = random.randint(0, self.__RabbitCount - 1)
if not self.__Rabbits[RabbitNumber] is None:
self.__Rabbits[RabbitNumber] = None
DeathCount += 1
self.__CompressRabbitList(DeathCount)
return RabbitsToEat
def __KillByOtherFactors(self, ShowDetail):
DeathCount = 0
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
if self.__Rabbits[r].CheckIfKilledByOtherFactor():
self.__Rabbits[r] = None
DeathCount += 1
self.__CompressRabbitList(DeathCount)
if ShowDetail:
print(" ", DeathCount, "rabbits killed by other factors.")
def __AgeRabbits(self, ShowDetail):
DeathCount = 0
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
self.__Rabbits[r].CalculateNewAge()
if self.__Rabbits[r].CheckIfDead():
self.__Rabbits[r] = None
DeathCount += 1
self.__CompressRabbitList(DeathCount)
if ShowDetail:
print(" ", DeathCount, "rabbits die of old age.")
def __MateRabbits(self, ShowDetail):
Mate = 0
Babies = 0
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
if self.__Rabbits[r].IsFemale() and self.__RabbitCount + Babies < self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN:
Mate = random.randint(0, self.__RabbitCount - 1)
while Mate == r or self.__Rabbits[Mate].IsFemale():
Mate = random.randint(0, self.__RabbitCount - 1)
CombinedReproductionRate = (self.__Rabbits[r].GetReproductionRate() + self.__Rabbits[Mate].GetReproductionRate()) / 2
if CombinedReproductionRate >= 1:
self.__Rabbits[self.__RabbitCount + Babies] = Rabbit(self.__Variability, CombinedReproductionRate)
Babies += 1
self.__RabbitCount = self.__RabbitCount + Babies
if ShowDetail:
print(" ", Babies, "baby rabbits born.")
def __CompressRabbitList(self, DeathCount):
if DeathCount > 0:
ShiftTo = 0
ShiftFrom = 0
while ShiftTo < self.__RabbitCount - DeathCount:
while self.__Rabbits[ShiftFrom] is None:
ShiftFrom += 1
if ShiftTo != ShiftFrom:
self.__Rabbits[ShiftTo] = self.__Rabbits[ShiftFrom]
ShiftTo += 1
ShiftFrom += 1
self.__RabbitCount = self.__RabbitCount - DeathCount
def __ContainsMales(self):
Males = False
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
if not self.__Rabbits[r].IsFemale():
Males = True
return Males
def Inspect(self):
print("Periods Run", self.__PeriodsRun, "Size", self.__RabbitCount)
def ListRabbits(self):
if self.__RabbitCount > 0:
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
self.__Rabbits[r].Inspect()
class GiantWarren(Warren):
def __init__(self, Variability, RabbitCount = 1):
super(GiantWarren, self).__init__(self.__RabbitCount, Variability)
self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN = 200
self.__RabbitCount = RabbitCount
self.__PeriodsRun = 0
self.__Variability = Variability
self.__Rabbits = []
for Count in range(0, self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN):
self.__Rabbits.append(None)
if self.__RabbitCount == 1:
self.__RabbitCount = int(self.__CalculateRandomValue(int(self.__MAX_RABBITS_IN_WARREN / 4), self.__Variability))
for r in range (0, self.__RabbitCount):
self.__Rabbits[r] = Rabbit(self.__Variability)
class Animal:
_ID = 1
def __init__(self, AvgLifespan, AvgProbabilityOfDeathOtherCauses, Variability):
self._NaturalLifespan = int(AvgLifespan * self._CalculateRandomValue(100, Variability) / 100)
self._ProbabilityOfDeathOtherCauses = AvgProbabilityOfDeathOtherCauses * self._CalculateRandomValue(100, Variability) / 100
self._IsAlive = True
self._ID = Animal._ID
self._Age = 0
Animal._ID += 1
def CalculateNewAge(self):
self._Age += 1
if self._Age >= self._NaturalLifespan:
self._IsAlive = False
def CheckIfDead(self):
return not self._IsAlive
def Inspect(self):
print(" ID", self._ID, "", end = "")
print("Age", self._Age, "", end = "")
print("LS", self._NaturalLifespan, "", end = "")
print("Pr dth", round(self._ProbabilityOfDeathOtherCauses, 2), "", end = "")
def CheckIfKilledByOtherFactor(self):
if random.randint(0, 100) < self._ProbabilityOfDeathOtherCauses * 100:
self._IsAlive = False
return True
else:
return False
def _CalculateRandomValue(self, BaseValue, Variability):
return BaseValue - (BaseValue * Variability / 100) + (BaseValue * random.randint(0, Variability * 2) / 100)
class Fox(Animal):
def __init__(self, Variability, genderRatio = 33):
self.__DEFAULT_LIFE_SPAN = 7
self.__DEFAULT_PROBABILITY_DEATH_OTHER_CAUSES = 0.1
super(Fox, self).__init__(self.__DEFAULT_LIFE_SPAN, self.__DEFAULT_PROBABILITY_DEATH_OTHER_CAUSES, Variability)
self.__FoodUnitsNeeded = int(10 * self._CalculateRandomValue(100, Variability) / 100)
self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod = 0
if random.randint(0, 100) < genderRatio:
self.__Gender = Genders.Male
else:
self.__Gender = Genders.Female
def AdvanceGeneration(self, ShowDetail):
if self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod == 0:
self._IsAlive = False
if ShowDetail:
print(" Fox dies as has eaten no food this period.")
else:
if self.CheckIfKilledByOtherFactor():
self._IsAlive = False
if ShowDetail:
print(" Fox killed by other factor.")
else:
if self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod < self.__FoodUnitsNeeded:
self.CalculateNewAge()
if ShowDetail:
print(" Fox ages further due to lack of food.")
self.CalculateNewAge()
if not self._IsAlive:
if ShowDetail:
print(" Fox has died of old age.")
def ResetFoodConsumed(self):
self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod = 0
def ReproduceThisPeriod(self):
REPRODUCTION_PROBABILITY = 0.25
if self.__Gender == Genders.Female:
if random.randint(0, 100) < REPRODUCTION_PROBABILITY * 100:
return True
else:
return False
def GiveFood(self, FoodUnits):
self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod = self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod + FoodUnits
def IsFemale(self):
if self.__Gender == Genders.Female:
return True
else:
return False
def Inspect(self):
super(Fox, self).Inspect()
print("Food needed", self.__FoodUnitsNeeded, "", end = "")
print("Food eaten", self.__FoodUnitsConsumedThisPeriod, "", end = "")
if self.__Gender == Genders.Male:
gender = "Male"
else:
gender = "Female"
print("Gender", gender, "", end="")
print()
class Genders(enum.Enum):
Male = 1
Female = 2
class Rabbit(Animal):
def __init__(self, Variability, ParentsReproductionRate = 1.2, genderRatio=50):
self.__DEFAULT_LIFE_SPAN = 4
self.__DEFAULT_PROBABILITY_DEATH_OTHER_CAUSES = 0.05
super(Rabbit, self).__init__(self.__DEFAULT_LIFE_SPAN, self.__DEFAULT_PROBABILITY_DEATH_OTHER_CAUSES, Variability)
self.__ReproductionRate = ParentsReproductionRate * self._CalculateRandomValue(100, Variability) / 100
if random.randint(0, 100) < genderRatio:
self.__Gender = Genders.Male
else:
self.__Gender = Genders.Female
def Inspect(self):
super(Rabbit, self).Inspect()
print("Rep rate", round(self.__ReproductionRate, 1), "", end = "")
if self.__Gender == Genders.Female:
print("Gender Female")
else:
print("Gender Male")
def IsFemale(self):
if self.__Gender == Genders.Female:
return True
else:
return False
def GetReproductionRate(self):
return self.__ReproductionRate
def Main():
MenuOption = 0
while MenuOption != 3:
print("Predator Prey Simulation Main Menu")
print()
print("1. Run simulation with default settings")
print("2. Run simulation with custom settings")
print("3. Rabbit Paradise")
print("4. Exit")
print()
try:
MenuOption = int(input("Select option: "))
except:
print("What you have entered is not an integer. Try again")
if MenuOption == 1 or MenuOption == 2 or MenuOption == 3:
if MenuOption == 1:
LandscapeSize = 15
InitialWarrenCount = 5
InitialFoxCount = 5
Variability = 0
FixedInitialLocations = True
elif MenuOption == 3:
LandscapeSize = 20
InitialWarrenCount = 20
InitialFoxCount = 0
Variability = 1
FixedInitialLocations = False
else:
LandscapeSize = int(input("Landscape Size: "))
InitialWarrenCount = int(input("Initial number of warrens: "))
InitialFoxCount = int(input("Initial number of foxes: "))
Variability = int(input("Randomness variability (percent): "))
FixedInitialLocations = False
Sim = Simulation(LandscapeSize, InitialWarrenCount, InitialFoxCount, Variability, FixedInitialLocations)
input()
if __name__ == "__main__":
Main()
答案 0 :(得分：2)
问题是在方法和属性名称上不加选择地使用双下划线前缀。那用于调用名称修改，专门用于阻止继承;它提供了与Python具有的“私有”变量最接近的东西。
学生绝对不想在这里任何地方使用它;一般来说，我建议永远不要使用它。只要给出一切正常的名字。
（另请注意，由于他们正在编程Python，他们应该使用Python约定来命名：变量，属性和方法应该有lower_case_with_underscore个名称，而不是用于类名的CamelCase。）
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我是一名学生，正在使用Python 2学习相同的考试。我的目标是通过考试解决我所有的预测问题（包括GiantWarren），我将发布我的解决方案here 。 如果我有空的话，我还打算为YouTube channel做视频教程。
如果您仍在教授编程，那么在复活节假期之后您可能会发现这些资源非常有用，因为Python 2解决方案应该与Python 3非常相似，只是语法略有不同。无论如何，也可能值得通过电子邮件发送给班级的链接。
祝你好运！