我有一个棘手的问题。 我在桌子上有两套
表1：
VoucherCode | Category | Size | Colour | Gender
0001 | Shirt | NULL | Green | Male
0002 | Shirt | 12 | NULL | Male
0003 | Shirt | 12 | Blue | NULL
0004 | Shirt | NULL | NULL | NULL
0005 | Shorts | NULL | Brown | Male
0006 | Shorts | 10 | NULL | Male
0007 | Shorts | 12 | Green | NULL
0008 | Shorts | NULL | NULL | NULL
0009 | Pants | NULL | Pink | Female
0010 | Pants | 10 | NULL | Male
0011 | Pants | 12 | Purple | NULL
0012 | Pants | NULL | NULL | NULL
表2：
ProductCode | Category | Size | Colour | Gender
0001 | Shirt | 10 | Blue | Male
0002 | Shorts | 13 | Brown | Female
0003 | Pants | 10 | Purple | Male
0004 | Pants | 10 | Purple | Female
第一个表是清单凭证，第二个表是产品清单。 我需要编写一个查询，该查询将返回一个不可能有效的凭证列表。
前提是，凭证的某些属性可以NULL代替文字，这是因为该凭证的预期用途是用于定义的其他属性的任意组合。
示例：
凭证代码0001 无法工作，因为没有衬衫类别，绿色和男性性别的产品
VoucherCode 0004 可以有效，因为有一个带衬衫类别的产品。
考虑到这一点，我需要编写一个查询来返回表1中无法工作的所有记录。
结果看起来像这样
VoucherCode | Category | Size | Colour | Gender
0001 | Shirt | NULL | Green | Male
0002 | Shirt | 12 | NULL | Male
0003 | Shirt | 12 | Blue | NULL
0005 | Shorts | NULL | Brown | Male
0006 | Shorts | 10 | NULL | Male
0007 | Shorts | 12 | Green | NULL
0009 | Pants | NULL | Pink | Female
0011 | Pants | 12 | Purple | NULL
有没有人有任何想法我能做到这一点？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
一种方法是使用左连接为null。
创建并填充样本表（请在将来的问题中保存此步骤）
DECLARE @Voucher as TABLE
(
VoucherCode char(4),
Category varchar(10),
Size int,
Colour varchar(10),
Gender varchar(6)
)
INSERT INTO @Voucher VALUES
('0001', 'Shirt', NULL, 'Green', 'Male'),
('0002', 'Shirt', 12 , NULL, 'Male'),
('0003', 'Shirt', 12 , 'Blue', NULL),
('0004', 'Shirt', NULL, NULL, NULL ),
('0005', 'Shorts', NULL, 'Brown', 'Male'),
('0006', 'Shorts', 10 , NULL, 'Male'),
('0007', 'Shorts', 12 , 'Green', NULL),
('0008', 'Shorts', NULL, NULL, NULL),
('0009', 'Pants', NULL, 'Pink', 'Female'),
('0010', 'Pants', 10 , NULL, 'Male'),
('0011', 'Pants', 12 , 'Purple', NULL),
('0012', 'Pants', NULL, NULL, NULL)
DECLARE @Product as TABLE
(
ProductCode char(4),
Category varchar(10),
Size int,
Colour varchar(10),
Gender varchar(6)
)
INSERT INTO @Product VALUES
('0001', 'Shirt', 10, 'Blue', 'Male'),
('0002', 'Shorts', 13, 'Brown', 'Female'),
('0003', 'Pants', 10, 'Purple', 'Male'),
('0004', 'Pants', 10, 'Purple', 'Female')
查询：
SELECT V.VoucherCode,
V.Category,
V.Size,
V.Colour,
V.Gender
FROM @Voucher V
LEFT JOIN @Product P
ON V.Category = P.Category
AND ISNULL(V.Size, P.Size) = P.Size
AND ISNULL(V.Colour, P.Colour) = P.Colour
AND ISNULL(V.Gender, P.Gender) = P.Gender
WHERE P.ProductCode IS NULL
结果：
VoucherCode Category Size Colour Gender
0001 Shirt NULL Green Male
0002 Shirt 12 NULL Male
0003 Shirt 12 Blue NULL
0005 Shorts NULL Brown Male
0006 Shorts 10 NULL Male
0007 Shorts 12 Green NULL
0009 Pants NULL Pink Female
0011 Pants 12 Purple NULL
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我认为这可能是获得结果的解决方案（但我没有对其进行测试）
$ pip install pyodbc
Collecting pyodbc
Using cached pyodbc-4.0.14.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: pyodbc
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pyodbc ... error
Complete output from command /home/username/projects/my_project/env/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_m01a2yq/pyodbc/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmp90cam83npip-wheel- --python-tag cp34:
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_ext
building 'pyodbc' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4
creating build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4/src
gcc -Wno-unused-result -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -ggdb -O2 -pipe -Wimplicit-function-declaration -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.4.5-1.x86_64/build=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.4.5-1 -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.4.5-1.x86_64/src/Python-3.4.5=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.4.5-1 -DPYODBC_VERSION=4.0.14 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk/usr/include -I/usr/include/python3.4m -c src/buffer.cpp -o build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4/src/buffer.o
cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wimplicit-function-declaration’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
In file included from src/buffer.cpp:12:0:
src/pyodbc.h:90:0: warning: "CDECL" redefined
#define CDECL cdecl
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/windef.h:8:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:69,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/minwindef.h:83:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
#define CDECL
^
In file included from /usr/local/include/sql.h:19:0,
from src/pyodbc.h:56,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/local/include/sqltypes.h:105:26: error: conflicting declaration ‘typedef short unsigned int WCHAR’
typedef unsigned short WCHAR;
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/minwindef.h:163:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/windef.h:8,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:69,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/winnt.h:288:19: note: previous declaration as ‘typedef wchar_t WCHAR’
typedef wchar_t WCHAR;
^
In file included from /usr/local/include/sql.h:19:0,
from src/pyodbc.h:56,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/local/include/sqltypes.h:261:33: error: conflicting declaration ‘typedef long unsigned int ULONG’
typedef unsigned long ULONG;
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/combaseapi.h:153:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/objbase.h:14,
from /usr/include/w32api/ole2.h:17,
from /usr/include/w32api/wtypes.h:12,
from /usr/include/w32api/winscard.h:10,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:97,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/wtypesbase.h:92:15: note: previous declaration as ‘typedef unsigned int ULONG’
typedef DWORD ULONG;
^
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for pyodbc
Running setup.py clean for pyodbc
Failed to build pyodbc
Installing collected packages: pyodbc
Running setup.py install for pyodbc ... error
Complete output from command /home/username/projects/my_project/env/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_m01a2yq/pyodbc/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-2f4vknxq-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/username/projects/my_project/env/include/site/python3.4/pyodbc:
running install
running build
running build_ext
building 'pyodbc' extension
creating build
creating build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4
creating build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4/src
gcc -Wno-unused-result -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -ggdb -O2 -pipe -Wimplicit-function-declaration -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.4.5-1.x86_64/build=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.4.5-1 -fdebug-prefix-map=/usr/src/ports/python3/python3-3.4.5-1.x86_64/src/Python-3.4.5=/usr/src/debug/python3-3.4.5-1 -DPYODBC_VERSION=4.0.14 -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk/usr/include -I/usr/include/python3.4m -c src/buffer.cpp -o build/temp.cygwin-2.7.0-x86_64-3.4/src/buffer.o
cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wimplicit-function-declaration’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++
In file included from src/buffer.cpp:12:0:
src/pyodbc.h:90:0: warning: "CDECL" redefined
#define CDECL cdecl
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/windef.h:8:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:69,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/minwindef.h:83:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
#define CDECL
^
In file included from /usr/local/include/sql.h:19:0,
from src/pyodbc.h:56,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/local/include/sqltypes.h:105:26: error: conflicting declaration ‘typedef short unsigned int WCHAR’
typedef unsigned short WCHAR;
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/minwindef.h:163:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/windef.h:8,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:69,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/winnt.h:288:19: note: previous declaration as ‘typedef wchar_t WCHAR’
typedef wchar_t WCHAR;
^
In file included from /usr/local/include/sql.h:19:0,
from src/pyodbc.h:56,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/local/include/sqltypes.h:261:33: error: conflicting declaration ‘typedef long unsigned int ULONG’
typedef unsigned long ULONG;
^
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/combaseapi.h:153:0,
from /usr/include/w32api/objbase.h:14,
from /usr/include/w32api/ole2.h:17,
from /usr/include/w32api/wtypes.h:12,
from /usr/include/w32api/winscard.h:10,
from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:97,
from src/pyodbc.h:53,
from src/buffer.cpp:12:
/usr/include/w32api/wtypesbase.h:92:15: note: previous declaration as ‘typedef unsigned int ULONG’
typedef DWORD ULONG;
^
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Command "/home/username/projects/my_project/env/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_m01a2yq/pyodbc/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-2f4vknxq-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/username/projects/my_project/env/include/site/python3.4/pyodbc" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-_m01a2yq/pyodbc/