我在Haskell中有以下代码:
module testData where
import SImpL
changeName :: String -> String -> ProgT -> ProgT
...
changeName x y (Seq []) = Seq[]
changeName x y (Seq (oneStatement:moreStatements)) = Seq (changeName x y oneStatement : changeName x y (Seq moreStatements))
ProgT的定义在模块SImpL中定义:
data StmtT = Assign NameT AExprT |
If BExprT StmtT StmtT |
While BExprT StmtT |
Seq [StmtT] -- If the list is empty, this is a statement that does nothing.
deriving (Show,Eq)
type ProgT = StmtT
简单地说,Seq [StmtT]是构造函数中定义的Assign,If或While语句的列表。 函数changeName检查ALL语句中是否有等于x的变量,并将其替换为y。 当我运行代码时,出现以下错误:
Assignment3.hs:12:89:错误: •无法将类型'StmtT'与'[ProgT]'匹配 预期类型:[ProgT] 实际类型:ProgT •在'(:)'的第二个参数中,即 'changeName x y(Seq moreStatements)' 在'Seq'的第一个参数中,即 '(changeName x y oneStatement :changeName x y(Seq moreStatements))' 在表达式中: SEQ (changeName x y oneStatement:changeName x y(Seq moreStatements))
根据错误消息,问题出在最后一行:
changeName x y(Seq(oneStatement:moreStatements))= Seq(changeName x y oneStatement: changeName x y(Seq moreStatements))
我可以看出它为什么会抛出错误,但是我必须通过每个语句递归来改变语句中的每个变量。抱歉,如果这是微不足道的,但我不知道我可以通过Seq [StmtT]类型递归而没有错误。
注意:我不认为其他数据类型是什么(即BExprT),以防万一这里有更多的模块:
module SImpL where
data AExprT = ALit ValT -- a literal value (an Int)
| AName NameT -- a variable name (a String)
| Add AExprT AExprT -- one arithmetic expression added to another
| Sub AExprT AExprT -- one arithmetic expression subtracted from another
| Mult AExprT AExprT -- one arithmetic expression multiplied by another
deriving (Show,Eq)
data BExprT = BLit Bool -- a literal value (True or False)
| Eq AExprT AExprT -- an equality test between two arithmetic expressions
| Less AExprT AExprT -- a "less than" test between two arithmetic expressions
| Greater AExprT AExprT -- a "greater than" test between two arithmetic expressions
| Not BExprT -- the negation of a boolean expression
| And BExprT BExprT -- the "and" of two boolean expressions
| Or BExprT BExprT -- the "or" of two boolean expressions
deriving (Show,Eq)
type ValT = Integer
type NameT = String
data StmtT = Assign NameT AExprT |
If BExprT StmtT StmtT |
While BExprT StmtT |
Seq [StmtT] -- If the list is empty, this is a statement that does nothing.
deriving (Show,Eq)
If BExprT StmtT StmtT |
While BExprT StmtT |
Seq [StmtT] -- If the list is empty, this is a statement that does nothing.
deriving (Show,Eq)
type ProgT = StmtT
type StateT = [(NameT, ValT)]
编辑: @Ben使用map帮助解决错误(因为该函数现在不返回列表)。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
changeName x y (Seq (oneStatement:moreStatements)) = Seq(changeName x y oneStatement:changeName x y Seq(moreStatements))
应该是:
changeName x y (Seq (oneStatement:moreStatements)) = Seq (changeName x y oneStatement : changeName x y (Seq moreStatements))
具体问题是,changeName x y Seq(moreStatements)
的最后一部分被视为将changeName
应用于4个参数:
x
y
Seq
(moreStatements)
Seq(moreStatements)
并不意味着"将Seq
应用于moreStatements
,就像使用类似C语法的语言一样,但仅仅是Seq
{1}} (moreStatements)
彼此相邻,完全等同于您编写Seq moreStatements
,因为不需要括号来对单个标识符进行分组。如果Seq
是" head"该子表达式可以执行您想要的操作,但它会在changeName x y
上进行,因此应用于Seq
,然后应用于moreStatements
,这不适用于changeName
类型changeNames
。
(请注意,这几乎就是错误消息所说的)
您的第二个错误是String -> String -> ProgT -> ProgT
的类型为ProgT = StmtT
(请记住changeName
)。但是,您使用:
右侧changeName
的结果,就像它返回某个列表一样。
可能你需要在列表上changeName x y (Seq statements) = Seq (map (changeName x y) statements)
而不是将它应用到头部和尾部?事实上,你甚至不需要在列表上进行模式匹配,你可以这样做:
https://www.google.com