我开始学习一些c ++编程,我正在学习类和对象的概念。所以我在网上看了一些我可以练习的练习。我已经读过,将main,header和constructor文件分开而不是一个长文件是一种好习惯。
我正在尝试将以下代码分成三个单独的文件:
// Exercises: Classes
// Exercise 3
// Exercises: Classes
// Exercise 3
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
char *name;
int mark1;int mark2;
Student(char* na, int ma1,int ma2){
name=na;mark1=ma1;mark2=ma2;
}
int calc_media(){return (mark1+mark2)/2;}
void disp(){
cout << "Student:" << name << " \n media:"<< calc_media() <<"\n";
}
};
int main(){
char* nam;int m1,m2;
cout << "Enter name:";
cin>> nam;
cout << "Enter marks of two subjects:";
cin>> m1;
cin>> m2;
Student student1(nam,m1,m2);
student1.disp();
return 0;
}
进入以下文件:
main.cpp中:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "student_example.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int marc1,marc2;
char nam;
cout<<"Please enter the name of the student: ";
cin>>nam;
cout<<"Please enter the two grades of the student"<<"\n grade one:";
cin>>marc1;
cout<<"Grade two";
cin>>marc2;
student_Example student1;
student1.disp();
return 0;
}
头文件(student_Example.h)
#ifndef STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#define STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class student_Example
{
public:
char name;
int mark1, mark2;
int calc_media(){
return (mark1+mark2/2);
}
void disp(){
std::cout<< " The student named: "<< name<< "\n has an average score equal to: " << calc_media()<<"\n";
}
};
构造函数:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "student_Example.h"
student_Example::student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2)
{
name=nam;
mark1=marc1;
mark2=maec2;
}
我得到了错误
"error: prototype for **'student_Example::student_Example(char, int, int)' does not match any class 'student_Example'**
有什么建议吗?在此先感谢:)
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您的class student_Example
头文件不承诺构造函数。 (似乎缺少#endif
)
#ifndef STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#define STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class student_Example
{
public:
student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2); //<-- as pointed out in the error
char name;
int mark1, mark2;
int calc_media(){
return (mark1+mark2/2);
}
void disp(){
std::cout<< " The student named: "<< name<< "\n has an average score equal to: " << calc_media()<<"\n";
}
};
#endif //<-- this too
当我们在那里时,我们可以在构造函数中使用member initialiser list
student_Example::student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2) :
name(nam),
mark1(marc1),
mark2(marc2) //assume maerc2 was a typo
{
}
编辑:
请注意,student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2)
是一个声明,您将定义一个构造函数,该构造函数采用{c}文件中的char
和两个int
。
你可以制作一个像这样的对象
student_Example example('n', 1, 2);
如果没有这个非默认构造函数,不带参数的默认构造函数就会自动为你生成,所以你可以创建一个像这样的对象:
student_Example example;
现在您已经定义了一个不再发生的构造函数。您需要将其添加到您的类中,或者确保使用构造函数获取参数。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
doctorlove修复了您的问题,但在.cpp
文件中使用这些方法也是一种很好的做法,如下所示:
<强> student_Example.h 强>
#ifndef STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#define STUDENT_EXAMPLE_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class student_Example
{
public:
student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2); //<-- as pointed out in the error
char name;
int mark1, mark2;
int calc_media();
void disp();
};
#endif
<强> student_Example.cpp 强>
#include "student_Example.h"
student_Example::student_Example(char nam, int marc1, int marc2) :
name(nam),
mark1(marc1),
mark2(marc2) //assume maerc2 was a typo
{
}
int student_Example::calc_media(){
return (mark1+mark2/2);
}
void student_Example::disp(){
std::cout<< " The student named: "<< name<< "\n has an average score equal to: " << calc_media()<<"\n";
}