我在NetBeans 6.9上遇到Struts2.2.1注释注释问题。这是我第一次使用Struts2框架。难道我做错了什么？？？我正在关注详细的教程，我在Apache Tomcat 6.0.29上遇到以下错误：
HelloAction.java
package br.ufg.inf.sas.action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;
public class HelloAction {
@Action(value = "struts", results = {
@Result(location = "/helloStruts.jsp", name = "hipage")})
public String execute() {
System.out.println("I'm getting the /struts page");
System.out.println("Now I'll forward to helloStruts.jsp");
return "hipage";
}
}
helloStruts.jsp
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>JSP Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Struts!</h1>
</body>
</html>
的web.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>
30
</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
Apache Tomcat错误：
Using CATALINA_BASE: "C:\Java\apache-tomcat-6.0.29"
Using CATALINA_HOME: "C:\Java\apache-tomcat-6.0.29"
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: "C:\Java\apache-tomcat-6.0.29\temp"
Using JRE_HOME: "C:\Java\jdk1.6.0_22"
Using CLASSPATH: "C:\Java\apache-tomcat-6.0.29\bin\bootstrap.jar"
24/11/2010 18:36:03 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\Java\jdk1.6.0_22\bin;.;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Java\apache-maven-3.0\bin;C:\Java\apache-ant-1.8.1\bin;C:\Java\jdk1.6.0_22\bin;C:\Web\apache-httpd-2.2\bin;C:\Web\mysql-5.1.53-winx64\bin;C:\Web\php-5.3.3-Win32-x86\;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\TortoiseHg;C:\Program Files (x86)\CollabNet\Subversion Client;C:\MiKTeX-2.9\miktex\bin;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\Shared
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 997 ms
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
INFO: Starting service Catalina
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.29
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor host-manager.xml
24/11/2010 18:36:04 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor manager.xml
24/11/2010 18:36:05 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor StrutsSample.xml
24/11/2010 18:36:06 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:06 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:06 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:06 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error
GRAVE: Dispatcher initialization failed
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:295)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$ConstructorInjector.construct(ContainerImpl.java:431)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$5.create(ContainerBuilder.java:207)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Scope$2$1.create(Scope.java:51)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$3.create(ContainerBuilder.java:93)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$7.call(ContainerBuilder.java:487)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$7.call(ContainerBuilder.java:484)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.callInContext(ContainerImpl.java:574)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder.create(ContainerBuilder.java:484)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.createBootstrapContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:252)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:193)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:371)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:415)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:295)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:422)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:115)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4001)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4651)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:546)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:637)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptors(HostConfig.java:563)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:498)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1277)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:321)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:785)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:445)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:519)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:581)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:293)
... 42 more
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlValueStackFactory.setContainer(OgnlValueStackFactory.java:85)
... 47 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Javassist library is missing in classpath! Please add missed dependency!
at ognl.OgnlRuntime.<clinit>(OgnlRuntime.java:165)
... 48 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javassist.ClassPool
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1645)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1491)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169)
at ognl.OgnlRuntime.<clinit>(OgnlRuntime.java:162)
... 48 more
24/11/2010 18:36:06 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
GRAVE: Error filterStart
24/11/2010 18:36:06 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
GRAVE: Context [/StrutsSample] startup failed due to previous errors
24/11/2010 18:36:06 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader clearThreadLocalMap
GRAVE: The web application [/StrutsSample] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [null] (value [com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$10@16d2702]) and a value of type [java.lang.Object[]] (value [[Ljava.lang.Object;@11c2b67]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. This is very likely to create a memory leak.
24/11/2010 18:36:07 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory docs
24/11/2010 18:36:07 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory examples
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory ROOT
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
INFO: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/49 config=null
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 4189 ms
24/11/2010 18:36:08 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext stop
INFO: Container org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/StrutsSample] has not been started
24/11/2010 18:36:09 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig checkResources
INFO: Undeploying context [/StrutsSample]
24/11/2010 18:36:09 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor StrutsSample.xml
24/11/2010 18:36:10 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:10 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts-plugin.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:10 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger info
INFO: Parsing configuration file [struts.xml]
24/11/2010 18:36:10 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error
GRAVE: Dispatcher initialization failed
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:295)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$ConstructorInjector.construct(ContainerImpl.java:431)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$5.create(ContainerBuilder.java:207)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.Scope$2$1.create(Scope.java:51)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$3.create(ContainerBuilder.java:93)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$7.call(ContainerBuilder.java:487)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder$7.call(ContainerBuilder.java:484)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl.callInContext(ContainerImpl.java:574)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerBuilder.create(ContainerBuilder.java:484)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.createBootstrapContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:252)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:193)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:371)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:415)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:295)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:422)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:115)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4001)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4651)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:546)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:637)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:521)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1359)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:297)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:836)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:761)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1500)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.deploy(ManagerServlet.java:849)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.doGet(ManagerServlet.java:351)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.netbeans.modules.web.monitor.server.MonitorFilter.doFilter(MonitorFilter.java:199)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:563)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:857)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$MethodInjector.inject(ContainerImpl.java:293)
... 54 more
Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlValueStackFactory.setContainer(OgnlValueStackFactory.java:85)
... 59 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Javassist library is missing in classpath! Please add missed dependency!
at ognl.OgnlRuntime.<clinit>(OgnlRuntime.java:165)
... 60 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javassist.ClassPool
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1645)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1491)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169)
at ognl.OgnlRuntime.<clinit>(OgnlRuntime.java:162)
... 60 more
24/11/2010 18:36:10 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
GRAVE: Error filterStart
24/11/2010 18:36:10 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
GRAVE: Context [/StrutsSample] startup failed due to previous errors
24/11/2010 18:36:10 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader clearThreadLocalMap
GRAVE: The web application [/StrutsSample] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [null] (value [com.opensymphony.xwork2.inject.ContainerImpl$10@12922f6]) and a value of type [java.lang.Object[]] (value [[Ljava.lang.Object;@1b66b06]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. This is very likely to create a memory leak.
答案 0 :(得分：1)
最后解决了！
似乎struts2上的一些bundle现在需要javassist（来自JBoss Project的byteloader操作库）。刚下载了javassist并添加到库文件夹中。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
是的情况是这样，但在最新版本中它已被删除