尝试01：

Question

我正在尝试使用Python 3.5和pymssql包将一个字节或字节数组插入到Sql Server表中。我在尝试插入后不断获得pymssql.ProgrammingError。

我使用以下链接和问题作为参考，但我仍遇到问题：

Explicit Convert of Varbinary(max) column

Insert binary file into MSSQL db (varbinary) with python pymssql

我已经验证我有权限，可以将其他数据类型插入到sql server数据库中。下面是表格结构。

尝试01：

sql_cursor = m_sql_conn.cursor()

byte_test_01 = b'This is a byte test'
hex_01 = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(byte_test_01)

string_sql_insert = "INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id, \
    Covert(varbinary(max), obj_cluster_empty)) \
    VALUES('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," + hex_01 + ')'

sql_cursor.execute(string_sql_insert)

结果01

pymssql.ProgrammingError

hex_01 = b'0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374'

尝试02

sql_cursor = m_sql_conn.cursor()

byte_test_01 = b'This is a byte test'
hex_01 = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(byte_test_01)

list_insert_many = [('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1', hex_01)]

string_sql_insert = "INSERT INTO \
    CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id,Covert(varbinary(max), obj_cluster_empty)) \ 
    VALUES (%s,%b)"

sql_cursor.executemany(str_sql_statement, list_insert_many)

结果02

pymssql.ProgrammingError

hex_01 = b'0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374'

尝试03

我取出了CONVERT（）函数和......

sql_cursor = m_sql_conn.cursor()

byte_test_01 = b'This is a byte test'
hex_01 = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(byte_test_01)

string_sql_insert = "INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id,obj_cluster_empty) \ 
     VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," \ 
    + hex_01 + ')'

sql_cursor.execute(string_sql_insert)

结果03

pymssql.ProgrammingError

hex_01 = b'0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374'

我错过了什么，但我不知道是什么。我在这里肯定需要一些帮助。

更新01

以下是我在测试方法中的完整代码：

def Test():
    # lists
    list_sql_insert_data_type = ['%s', '%b']
    list_return = list()

    # variables
    string_sql_table = r'CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
    str_sql_error = ''
    user = r'user_me'
    host = r'server_me'
    pswd = r'pswd_me'
    db_name = r'db_me'
    bool_insert_into_table = False

    # sql connection
    list_sql_conn = SqlMethods.SqlGenConnection(user, host, pswd, db_name)
    sql_cursor = list_sql_conn[1].cursor()

    # byte test variables
    byte_test_01 = b'This is a byte test'
    hex_01 = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(byte_test_01)

    # create insert string
    string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO ' + string_sql_table
    string_sql_insert += '(string_cluster_id, CONVERT(varbinary(max), obj_cluster_empty)) '
    string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," + "'" + str(hex_01) + "'" + ')'

    # explicit string conversation of hex_01
    string_hex_01 = "'" + str(hex_01) + "'"

    # take out the CONVERT() statement
    #string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO ' + string_sql_table
    #string_sql_insert += '(string_cluster_id, obj_cluster_empty) '
    #string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," + "'" + str(hex_01) + "'" + ')'

    try:
        sql_cursor.execute(string_sql_insert)
    except pymssql.OperationalError:
        str_sql_error = 'Operational error was raised'
    except pymssql.ProgrammingError:
        str_sql_error = 'A program error was raised.'
    except pymssql.Error:
        str_sql_error = 'General error raised.'
    except pymssql.DatabaseError:
        str_sql_error = 'Database error raised.'
    except pymssql.DataError:
        str_sql_error = 'Data error raised.'
    except pymssql.IntegrityError:
        str_sql_error = 'Integrity error raised.'
    except pymssql.InterfaceError:
        str_sql_error = 'Interface error raised.'
    except pymssql.InternalError:
        str_sql_error = 'Internal error raised.'
    except pymssql.NotSupportedError:
        str_sql_error = 'Not supported error raised.'
    except pymssql.StandardError:
        str_sql_error = 'Standard error raised.'
    else:
        bool_insert_into_table = True
        list_sql_conn[1].commit()
    finally:
        list_return.append(bool_insert_into_table)
        list_return.append(str_sql_error)

    # return list
    return list_return

更新01结果

我尝试了你最初推荐的内容并收到错误，“无法隐式地将字节转换为字符串”，因此我将其显式转换为字符串。

获取pymssql.OperationalError时，

而不是pymssql.ProgrammingError。

如果我取出CONVERT（）函数，我得到一个pymssql.ProgrammingError

hex_01 = 0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374

string_hex_01 = "'" + str(hex_01) + "'" = 'b'0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374''

string_sql_insert = INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(string_cluster_id, 
                    CONVERT(varbinary(max), obj_cluster_empty)) VALUES   
                    ('BatchKm|20|k-means++','b'0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374'')

这应该是string_hex_01：

string_hex_01 = str(hex_01)[1:] = '0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374'

这也给出了pymssql.OperationalError

更新02

我验证了我能够插入到数据库和表中。心理记录：确保我的列名正确（str_cluster_id vice string_cluster_id）。我还在收到一个pymssql.OperationalError。 CONVERT（）函数如何适应这一点。如果我拿出来，我会得到一个pymssql.ProgrammingError。

验证了sql insert的工作原理：

# test insert into string_cluster_id
string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO ' + string_sql_table
string_sql_insert += ' (str_cluster_id) '
string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1')"

string_cluster_table = r'CPBB_DevClusterObjs'

更新03

尝试插入以下字符串：

string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
string_sql_insert += '(obj_cluster_empty) '
string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('0x5468697320697320612062797‌4652074657374')"

结果更新03

pymssql.OperationalError

更新04

成功!!以下是有效的。

string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
string_sql_insert += '(obj_cluster_empty) '
string_sql_insert += "VALUES (CONVERT(varbinary(max), '0x5468697320697320612062797‌4652074657374'))"

更新04结果

成功插入varbinary（max）列将发布其他更新，因为我发现还有什么工作，什么不会

_mssql包＆amp;异常处理

为了理解我如何能够意识到我的错误在哪里，我走了一条路。我使用_mssql包重写了我的测试方法，并按照_http：//pymssql.org/en/stable/_mssql_examples.html文档中的指示利用了异常处理。

对我而言，关键是要实现如何将异常处理用作对象，例如：

except _mssql.MSSQLDatabaseException as db_e:
    str_sql_error = 'mssql database error raised'
exc_db_number = db_e.number
exc_db_msg = db_e.message

db_e.text给了我这条消息：

不允许从数据类型varchar到varbinary（max）的隐式转换。使用CONVERT函数运行此查询.DB-Lib错误消息20018，严重级16：常规SQL Server错误：检查来自SQL Server的消息。

这导致我改变了我需要CONVERT（）函数来转换试图转换目标数据库中已经是varbinary（max）列的列的数据。

有效的插入字符串是：

string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
string_sql_insert += '(obj_cluster_empty) '
string_sql_insert += "VALUES (CONVERT(varbinary(max), '0x5468697320697320612062797‌4652074657374'))"

经验教训

我是个'白痴'并且没有确保我的列变量是正确的。确保在发布之前这样做。它会有很大的帮助。
将异常处理用作对象。它可以帮助您解决错误发生的问题。如果您在缺席十多年后重新开始进行开发/编码，这将有所帮助。
如果找不到符合您要求的答案，请不要害怕寻求帮助。我找到了两个引用，但我无法建立连接。有人会帮助你作为这个问题的证据。
在寻求帮助时尽可能详细和具体。我原本可以在发布我的确切测试代码时做得更好。它可能不会加快这个过程。

测试代码的最终版本

以下是测试方法的最终版本，该方法用于将二进制数据片段插入Microsoft Sql Server中的varbinary（max）列。

def Test_01():

    # lists
    list_sql_insert_data_type = ['%s', '%b']
    list_return = list()

    # variables
    string_sql_table = r'CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
    str_sql_error = ''
    user = r'user_me'
    host = r'server_me'
    pswd = r'pswd_me'
    db_name = r'db_me'
    bool_insert_into_table = False

    # sql connection
    list_sql_conn = SqlMethods.SqlGenConnection(user, host, pswd, db_name)
    sql_cursor = list_sql_conn[1].cursor()

    # _mssql connection
    _mssql_conn = _mssql.connect(server = host, user = user, password = pswd, database = db_name)

    # byte test variables
    byte_test_01 = b'This is a byte test'
    hex_01 = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(byte_test_01)

    # explicit string conversion of hex_01
    string_hex_01 = "'" + str(hex_01) + "'"
    string_hex_02 = str(hex_01)[1:]

    # create insert string
    #string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
    #string_sql_insert += '(str_cluster_id, obj_cluster_empty) '
    #string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1','0x5468697320697320612062797‌4652074657374')"

    # sucess!!  below insert works
    string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs'
    string_sql_insert += '(obj_cluster_empty) '
    string_sql_insert += "VALUES (CONVERT(varbinary(max), '0x5468697320697320612062797‌4652074657374'))"

    # test insert into string_cluster_id
    #string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO ' + string_sql_table
    #string_sql_insert += ' (str_cluster_id) '
    #string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1')"

    # take out the CONVERT() statement
    #string_sql_insert = 'INSERT INTO ' + string_sql_table
    #string_sql_insert += '(str_cluster_id, obj_cluster_empty) '
    #string_sql_insert += "VALUES ('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," + "'" + str(hex_01) + "'" + ')'

    try:
        sql_cursor.execute(string_sql_insert)
    except pymssql.OperationalError as oe:
        str_sql_error = 'Operational error was raised'
    except pymssql.ProgrammingError:
        str_sql_error = 'A program error was raised.'
    except pymssql.Error:
        str_sql_error = 'General error raised.'
    except pymssql.DatabaseError:
        str_sql_error = 'Database error raised.'
    except pymssql.DataError:
        str_sql_error = 'Data error raised.'
    except pymssql.IntegrityError:
        str_sql_error = 'Integrity error raised.'
    except pymssql.InterfaceError:
        str_sql_error = 'Interface error raised.'
    except pymssql.InternalError:
        str_sql_error = 'Internal error raised.'
    except pymssql.NotSupportedError:
        str_sql_error = 'Not supported error raised.'
    except pymssql.StandardError:
        str_sql_error = 'Standard error raised.'
    else:
        bool_insert_into_table = True
        list_sql_conn[1].commit()
    finally:
        list_return.append(bool_insert_into_table)
        list_return.append(str_sql_error)

    # return list
    return list_return

Answer 1

尝试将string_sql_insert修改为：

string_sql_insert = "INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id, \
CONVERT(varbinary(max), obj_cluster_empty)) \
VALUES('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1'," + "'" + hex_01 + "'"')'

您正在插入此内容：

INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id, obj_cluster_empty)     VALUES('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1',0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374)

而不是：

INSERT INTO CPBB_DevClusterObjs(str_cluster_id, obj_cluster_empty)     VALUES('BatchKm|20|k-means++|1','0x54686973206973206120627974652074657374')

如果你看看VALUES，你会发现它为什么会抛出错误。

根据https://github.com/pymssql/pymssql/pull/179/files

def insert_and_select(self, cname, value, vartype, params_as_dict=False):

vartype是's'

def test_binary_string(self):
    bindata = '{z\n\x03\x07\x194;\x034lE4ISo'.encode('ascii')
    testval = '0x'.encode('ascii') + binascii.hexlify(bindata)
    colval = self.insert_and_select('data_binary', testval, 's')
    self.typeeq(bindata, colval)
    eq_(bindata, colval)

使用pymssql

尝试01：

结果01

尝试02

结果02

尝试03

结果03

更新01

更新01结果

更新02

更新03

结果更新03

更新04

更新04结果

_mssql包＆amp;异常处理

经验教训

测试代码的最终版本

1 个答案: