从Iterable转换Iterable<Character>
到String
个字符的最简单/最快捷方式是什么?
例如,如何将“A”,“B”和“C”的Iterable转换为String “ABC”
iter.toString()
返回字符串“[A,B,C]”。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
5个版本:
1)通过StringBuilder.append()
收集Java 8流:
public static String streamAppend(Iterable<Character> chars){
return StreamSupport.stream(chars.spliterator(), true)
.collect(
StringBuilder::new,
StringBuilder::append,
StringBuilder::append
)
.toString();
}
通过Collectors.joining()
收集的Java 8 Streams
public static String streamJoin(Iterable<Character> chars){
return StreamSupport.stream(chars.spliterator(), true)
.map(Object::toString)
.collect(Collectors.joining(""));
}
Pre-Java8-Version使用Java 5 for循环:
public static String java7(Iterable<Character> chars) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (Character c: chars) {
sb.append(c);
}
return sb.toString();
}
Guava版使用Joiner
:
public static String guavaJoin(Iterable<Character> chars) {
return Joiner.on("").join(chars);
}
使用Iterable.forEach()
的Java 8版本和方法引用:
public static String iterableForEach(Iterable<Character> chars){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
chars.forEach(sb::append);
return sb.toString();
}
在讨论了性能之后,我运行了一个JMH微基准测试来亲自看看。结果很明显,但比预期的要大得多。
Benchmark (mode) (size) Score Units
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 1 5071451.223 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 2 481656.870 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 5 162359.508 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 10 76910.668 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 20 49590.249 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 50 44608.948 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 100 20940.993 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 200 29634.118 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 500 19387.956 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_APPEND 1000 17629.508 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 1 3342341.147 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 2 279516.584 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 5 102312.667 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 10 61759.122 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 20 34802.386 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 50 37629.593 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 100 33493.715 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 200 26186.986 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 500 19264.628 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin STREAM_JOIN 1000 14446.396 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 1 6570784.907 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 2 3821031.465 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 5 1574828.190 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 10 806057.685 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 20 356533.358 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 50 156129.534 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 100 100195.171 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 200 54820.347 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 500 20577.137 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin GUAVA_JOIN 1000 11465.704 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 1 11921819.833 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 2 7007911.144 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 5 4415785.561 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 10 2107685.852 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 20 1158806.591 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 50 482412.510 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 100 265362.511 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 200 123663.470 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 500 49238.673 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin ITERABLE_FOREACH 1000 24328.723 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 1 9746936.478 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 2 6431473.785 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 5 2736936.112 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 10 1764353.273 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 20 833322.493 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 50 278354.933 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 100 180763.740 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 200 86729.675 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 500 38560.347 ± ops/s
CharsToString.stringJoin JAVA7 1000 17798.159 ± ops/s
正如您所看到的,最后一个版本(iterableForEach
)实际上是最快的版本,Java 7和Guava版本至少在类似的范围内。对于数百个元素下的大小,Streams失败,它们显然针对大型数据集进行了优化。但是在1000个元素中,它们表现得更好,几乎与Java 7版本相当。在大约10000个元素(不在此图表上),Streams优于其他解决方案。
基准代码为available as a GitHub gist,您可以随意修改参数并检查计算机上的结果。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
鉴于x
是Iterable<Character>
,您可以使用以下代码转换String
public static String iterableToString(Iterable<Character> chars){
return Stream.of(x).map(String::valueOf).collect(Collectors.joining());
}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
您可以使用StreamSupport类:
获得Iterable:
Iterable<Character> iterableChars = Arrays.asList('1', '2', '3', '4');
附加到字符串:
String commaSeparatedChars = StreamSupport.stream(iterableChars.spliterator(), false)
.map(i -> i.toString()).collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
并打印出来:
System.out.println(commaSeparatedChars );
答案 3 :(得分:0)
使用StringBuilder
的简单解决方案:
Iterable<Character> cs = ...; // wherever you get this from
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (Character c : cs) {
sb.append(c);
}
String result = sb.toString();
使用流的解决方案:
String result = cs.stream()
.collect(StringBuilder::new, StringBuilder::append, StringBuilder::append)
.toString();