Question

我试图从python

中的以下输入类型中获取一些随机的5或8个值

[(1, (0.0, 1.1)), (2, (0.0, 2.21)), (3, (0.0, 3.31)), (5, (0.0, 4.41)), 
(5,(0.0, 5.51)), (6, (0.0, 6.62)), (7, (0.0, 7.72)), (8, (0.04, 0.0)), 
(9, (0.04, 1.1)), (10, (0.04, 2.21)), (11, (0.04, 2.21)), (12, (0.04, 3.31)), 
(13, (0.04, 3.31)), (14, (0.04, 4.41))]

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

首先，正如几位评论者提到的那样，您在问题上发布的输入是list tuples，而不是dict。除此之外，要从集合中获取随机值，您可以使用python标准库中的random.choice，random.sample或random.choices。

您可以调用这样的函数：

import random
your_input = [(1, (0.0, 1.1)), (2, (0.0, 2.21)), (3, (0.0, 3.31)),
              (5, (0.0, 4.41)), (5,(0.0, 5.51)), (6, (0.0, 6.62)),
              (7, (0.0, 7.72)), (8, (0.04, 0.0)), (9, (0.04, 1.1)),
              (10, (0.04, 2.21)), (11, (0.04, 2.21)), (12, (0.04, 3.31)), 
              (13, (0.04, 3.31)), (14, (0.04, 4.41))]

# Let's take one random number
one_choice = random.choice(your_input)

# Let's sample 10 random numbers from the list without replacement
n_samples = random.sample(your_input, k=10)

# Let's take 10 random numbers from the list **with** replacement
n_samples = random.choices(your_input, k=10)

Answer 2

首先，您需要将元组列表转换为字典：

l = [(1, (0.0, 1.1)), (2, (0.0, 2.21)), (3, (0.0, 3.31)), (5, (0.0, 4.41)), 
(5,(0.0, 5.51)), (6, (0.0, 6.62)), (7, (0.0, 7.72)), (8, (0.04, 0.0)), 
(9, (0.04, 1.1)), (10, (0.04, 2.21)), (11, (0.04, 2.21)), (12, (0.04, 3.31)), 
(13, (0.04, 3.31)), (14, (0.04, 4.41))]

d = dict(l)

要获得8个随机密钥，请使用random.sample：

import random
randomkeys = random.sample(d.keys(), 8)

要获取相应的值，您可以使用operator.itemgetter：

import operator
randomvalues = operator.itemgetter(*randomkeys)(d)

python中元组列表中的随机值

2 个答案: