如何在c ++中调用:: CreateProcess来启动Windows可执行文件?

时间:2008-09-03 20:39:22

标签: c++ windows winapi

寻找一个例子:

  1. 启动EXE
  2. 等待EXE完成。
  3. 在可执行文件完成时正确关闭所有句柄。

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:65)

这样的事情:

STARTUPINFO info={sizeof(info)};
PROCESS_INFORMATION processInfo;
if (CreateProcess(path, cmd, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &info, &processInfo))
{
    WaitForSingleObject(processInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
    CloseHandle(processInfo.hProcess);
    CloseHandle(processInfo.hThread);
}

答案 1 :(得分:19)

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682512(VS.85).aspx

有一个例子

只需将argv[1]替换为包含程序的常量或变量。

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>

void _tmain( int argc, TCHAR *argv[] )
{
    STARTUPINFO si;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

    ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
    si.cb = sizeof(si);
    ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );

    if( argc != 2 )
    {
        printf("Usage: %s [cmdline]\n", argv[0]);
        return;
    }

    // Start the child process. 
    if( !CreateProcess( NULL,   // No module name (use command line)
        argv[1],        // Command line
        NULL,           // Process handle not inheritable
        NULL,           // Thread handle not inheritable
        FALSE,          // Set handle inheritance to FALSE
        0,              // No creation flags
        NULL,           // Use parent's environment block
        NULL,           // Use parent's starting directory 
        &si,            // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
        &pi )           // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure
    ) 
    {
        printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d).\n", GetLastError() );
        return;
    }

    // Wait until child process exits.
    WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE );

    // Close process and thread handles. 
    CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );
    CloseHandle( pi.hThread );
}

答案 2 :(得分:9)

如果您的应用程序是Windows GUI应用程序,那么使用下面的代码进行等待并不理想,因为您的应用程序的消息将无法进行处理。对用户而言,您的应用程序似乎已挂起。

WaitForSingleObject(&processInfo.hProcess, INFINITE)

下面的 未经测试的 代码可能会更好,因为它会继续处理Windows消息队列并且您的应用程序将保持响应:

//-- wait for the process to finish
while (true)
{
  //-- see if the task has terminated
  DWORD dwExitCode = WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess, 0);

  if (   (dwExitCode == WAIT_FAILED   )
      || (dwExitCode == WAIT_OBJECT_0 )
      || (dwExitCode == WAIT_ABANDONED) )
  {
    DWORD dwExitCode;

    //-- get the process exit code
    GetExitCodeProcess(ProcessInfo.hProcess, &dwExitCode);

    //-- the task has ended so close the handle
    CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hThread);
    CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hProcess);

    //-- save the exit code
    lExitCode = dwExitCode;

    return;
  }
  else
  {
    //-- see if there are any message that need to be processed
    while (PeekMessage(&message.msg, 0, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE))
    {
      if (message.msg.message == WM_QUIT)
      {
        return;
      }

      //-- process the message queue
      if (GetMessage(&message.msg, 0, 0, 0))
      {
        //-- process the message
        TranslateMessage(&pMessage->msg);
        DispatchMessage(&pMessage->msg);
      }
    }
  }
}

答案 3 :(得分:7)

如果你的exe恰好是一个控制台应用程序,你可能会对阅读stdout和stderr感兴趣 - 为此,我会谦虚地向你推荐这个例子:

http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q190351

这是一些代码,但我已经使用了这些代码的变体来产生和阅读。

答案 4 :(得分:7)

在半相关说明中,如果您要启动一个具有比当前进程更多权限的进程(例如,从以普通用户身份运行的主应用程序启动需要管理员权限的管理应用程序),不能在Vista上使用CreateProcess(),因为它不会触发UAC对话框(假设它已启用)。但是,在使用ShellExecute()时会触发UAC对话框。

答案 5 :(得分:5)

答案 6 :(得分:3)

请记住,在这种情况下使用WaitForSingleObject会让您遇到麻烦。以下内容摘自我网站上的提示:

  

出现问题的原因是您的应用程序有一个窗口但不会传送消息。如果生成的应用程序使用其中一个广播目标( HWND_BROADCAST HWND_TOPMOST )调用SendMessage,则在所有应用程序处理完该消息之前,SendMessage将不会返回到新的应用程序 - 但是你的应用程序无法处理消息,因为它不会消息...所以新的应用程序会锁定,所以你的等待永远不会成功......死锁。

如果您对衍生的应用程序有绝对的控制权,那么您可以采取一些措施,例如使用SendMessageTimeout而不是SendMessage(例如,对于DDE启动,如果有人仍在使用它)。但是有些情况会导致您无法控制的隐式SendMessage广播,例如使用SetSysColors API。

唯一安全的方法是:

  1. 将等待拆分为单独的线程,或
  2. 在Wait上使用超时并在Wait循环中使用PeekMessage以确保您输出消息,或
  3. 使用MsgWaitForMultipleObjects API。

答案 7 :(得分:3)

这是一个适用于Windows 10的新示例。使用windows10 sdk时,您必须使用CreateProcessW。这个例子被评论并希望自我解释。

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

class process
{
public:

    static PROCESS_INFORMATION launchProcess(std::string app, std::string arg)
    {

        // Prepare handles.
        STARTUPINFO si;
        PROCESS_INFORMATION pi; // The function returns this
        ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
        si.cb = sizeof(si);
        ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );

        //Prepare CreateProcess args
        std::wstring app_w(app.length(), L' '); // Make room for characters
        std::copy(app.begin(), app.end(), app_w.begin()); // Copy string to wstring.

        std::wstring arg_w(arg.length(), L' '); // Make room for characters
        std::copy(arg.begin(), arg.end(), arg_w.begin()); // Copy string to wstring.

        std::wstring input = app_w + L" " + arg_w;
        wchar_t* arg_concat = const_cast<wchar_t*>( input.c_str() );
        const wchar_t* app_const = app_w.c_str();

        // Start the child process.
        if( !CreateProcessW(
            app_const,      // app path
            arg_concat,     // Command line (needs to include app path as first argument. args seperated by whitepace)
            NULL,           // Process handle not inheritable
            NULL,           // Thread handle not inheritable
            FALSE,          // Set handle inheritance to FALSE
            0,              // No creation flags
            NULL,           // Use parent's environment block
            NULL,           // Use parent's starting directory
            &si,            // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
            &pi )           // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure
        )
        {
            printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d).\n", GetLastError() );
            throw std::exception("Could not create child process");
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "[          ] Successfully launched child process" << std::endl;
        }

        // Return process handle
        return pi;
    }

    static bool checkIfProcessIsActive(PROCESS_INFORMATION pi)
    {
        // Check if handle is closed
            if ( pi.hProcess == NULL )
            {
                printf( "Process handle is closed or invalid (%d).\n", GetLastError());
                return FALSE;
            }

        // If handle open, check if process is active
        DWORD lpExitCode = 0;
        if( GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &lpExitCode) == 0)
        {
            printf( "Cannot return exit code (%d).\n", GetLastError() );
            throw std::exception("Cannot return exit code");
        }
        else
        {
            if (lpExitCode == STILL_ACTIVE)
            {
                return TRUE;
            }
            else
            {
                return FALSE;
            }
        }
    }

    static bool stopProcess( PROCESS_INFORMATION &pi)
    {
        // Check if handle is invalid or has allready been closed
            if ( pi.hProcess == NULL )
            {
                printf( "Process handle invalid. Possibly allready been closed (%d).\n");
                return 0;
            }

        // Terminate Process
            if( !TerminateProcess(pi.hProcess,1))
            {
                printf( "ExitProcess failed (%d).\n", GetLastError() );
                return 0;
            }

        // Wait until child process exits.
            if( WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE ) == WAIT_FAILED)
            {
                printf( "Wait for exit process failed(%d).\n", GetLastError() );
                return 0;
            }

        // Close process and thread handles.
            if( !CloseHandle( pi.hProcess ))
            {
                printf( "Cannot close process handle(%d).\n", GetLastError() );
                return 0;
            }
            else
            {
                pi.hProcess = NULL;
            }

            if( !CloseHandle( pi.hThread ))
            {
                printf( "Cannot close thread handle (%d).\n", GetLastError() );
                return 0;
            }
            else
            {
                 pi.hProcess = NULL;
            }
            return 1;
    }
};//class process
#endif //win32