我正在用javascript编写自己的语法高亮显示器以获得乐趣并看到几种方法,但它们都有专业知识和一些非常严重的缺点,我无法解决。你们对这些方法有什么看法?我有什么更好的方法吗?
假设
要突出显示的代码存在于单个字符串中。
接近
以其字符串形式处理代码并使用正则表达式查找模式 的优点
简单定义和搜索模式
的缺点
很难忽略引号或评论中的关键字- 醇>
按空格和换行符拆分字符串并循环遍历数组 的优点
易于跟踪范围
的缺点
分割后很难跟踪空格和换行符
编辑: 词汇分析
所以,如果我理解它,使用词法分析将字符串分解为标记。这听起来很像2号方法?你如何将令牌重新组装成原始字符串?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
注意:这使用jQuery。如果你愿意的话,可以使用直接的javascript重写它。
我实际上写了一个有趣的小插件:
(function($) {
$.fn.codeBlock = function(blockComment) {
// Setup keyword regex
var keywords = /(abstract|boolean|break|byte|case|catch|char|class|const|continue|debugger|default|delete|do|double|else|enum|export|extends|final|finally|float|for|function|goto|if|implements|import|in|instanceof|int|interface|long|native|new|package|private|protected|public|return|short|static|super|switch|synchronized|this|throw|throws|transient|try|typeof|var|void|volatile|while|with|true|false|prototype)(?!\w|=)/gi;
// Booleans to toggle comment, regex, quote exclusions
var comment = false;
var quote = false;
var regex = false;
/* Array used to store values of regular expressions, quotes, etc.
so they can be used to ID locations to be skipped durring keyword
regexing.
*/
var locator = new Array();
var locatorIndex = 0;
if (blockComment) locator[locatorIndex++] = 0;
var text = $(this).html();
var continuation;
var numerals = /[0-9]/;
var arr = ($(this).html()).split("");
var outhtml = "";
for (key in arr) {
// Assign three variables common 'lookup' values for faster aquisition
var keyd = key;
var val = arr[keyd];
var nVal = arr[keyd - 1];
var pVal = arr[++keyd];
if ((val == "\"" || val == "'") && nVal != "\\") {
if (quote == false) {
quote = true;
outhtml += val;
}
else {
outhtml += val;
quote = false;
}
locator[locatorIndex++] = parseInt(key);
}
else if (numerals.test(val) && quote == false && blockComment == false && regex == false) {
outhtml += '<span class="num">' + val + '</span>';
}
else if (val == "/" && nVal != "<") {
var keys = key;
if (pVal == "/") {
comment = true;
continuation = key;
break;
}
else if (pVal == "*") {
outhtml += "/";
blockComment = true;
locator[locatorIndex++] = parseInt(key);
}
else if (nVal == "*") {
outhtml += "/";
blockComment = false;
locator[locatorIndex++] = parseInt(key);
}
else if (pVal == "[" && regex == false) {
outhtml += "<span class='res'>/";
regex = true;
}
else {
outhtml += "/";
}
}
else if (val == "," || val == ";" && regex == true) {
outhtml += "</span>" + val;
regex = false;
}
else {
outhtml += val;
}
}
if (comment == true) {
outhtml = outhtml.replace(keywords, "<span class='res'>$1</span>");
outhtml += '<span class="com">';
outhtml += text.substring(continuation, text.length);
outhtml += '</span>';
}
else {
if ((locator.length % 2) != 0) locator[locator.length] = (text.length - 1);
if (locator.length != 0) {
text = outhtml;
outhtml = text.substring(0, locator[0]).replace(keywords, "<span class=\"res\">$1</span>");
for (var i = 0; i < locator.length;) {
qTest = text.substring(locator[i], locator[i] + 1);
if (qTest == "'" || qTest == "\"") outhtml += "<span class=\"quo\">";
else outhtml += "<span class=\"com\">";
outhtml += text.substring(locator[i], locator[++i] + 1) + "</span>";
outhtml += text.substring(locator[i] + 1, locator[++i]).replace(keywords, "<span class=\"res\">$1</span>");
}
}
else {
outhtml = outhtml.replace(keywords, "<span class=\"res\">$1</span>");
}
}
text = outhtml;
$(this).html(text);
return blockComment;
}
})(jQuery);
我不会声称它是最有效的方式来做到这一点或最好但它确实有效。还有可能还有一些我还没有ID的错误(我知道但我还没知道,但是这应该会让你知道你可能如果你愿意的话就去做吧。
我建议的实现是创建一个textarea
或者什么东西,当你点击一个按钮或某个东西时运行插件(就测试来说这是一个不错的主意)当然你可以设置textarea中的文本到一些起始代码以确保它有效(提示:您可以将标记放在<textarea>
标记之间,它将呈现为文本,而不是HTML。)
另外,blockComment是一个布尔值,请确保传递false,因为true将触发块引用。如果您决定逐行解析某些内容,例如:
<a>code</a>
<a>some more code</a>
做类似的事情:
blockComment = false;
$("a").each(function() {
blockComment = $(this).codeBlock(blockComment);
});