Question

我希望有一个主窗口和一个或多个可以按需打开的Toplevel()窗口。我能够创建窗户，甚至可以销毁它们。

但是，我试图在主窗口中实现一个按钮，它打开和关闭第二个窗口（第二个窗口应该始终是唯一的，即永远不会同时打开两次）。在摆弄一点之后，这就是我现在所拥有的：

#!/usr/bin/python3

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter.font


class baseApp(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.master = master

        self.mainframe = ttk.Frame(master)
        self.topframe = ttk.Frame(self.mainframe, padding="5 8 5 5")

        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)


class App(baseApp):
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.master = master
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="One",command=self.button_one)
        self.btn_remessas = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="Open/close Toplevel window",command=self.create_window1)
        self.button1.grid(row=0,column=0)
        self.btn_remessas.grid(row=0,column=1)
        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)

    def create_window1(self):
        if current_state.window2_open == False:
            self.newWindow2 = tk.Toplevel(self.master)
            self.newWindow2.geometry('600x500+680+0')
            self.newWindow2.title('Second window')
            self.janela_remessas = SecondWindow(self.newWindow2)
            current_state.window2_open = True              
        else:
            self.newWindow2.destroy()
            root.update_idletasks()
            current_state.window2_open = False

    def button_one(self):
        print("button 1 pressed")


class SecondWindow:
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        #super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.mainframe = ttk.Frame(master, padding="5 8 5 5")
        self.topframe = ttk.Frame(self.mainframe)
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="button",command=self.button_function)
        self.button1.pack()                
        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)

    def button_function(self, *event):
        print("user just pressed button")

    def close_window(self, *event): #Please fix me!
        current_state.window2_open = False
        self.destroy()


class AppStatus:
    def __init__(self):
        self.window2_open = False  


if __name__ == "__main__": 
    root = tk.Tk() 
    app = App(root) 
    current_state = AppStatus()
    root.configure(background='grey95')
    root.title('Application window')
    root.geometry('1000x760+0+0')
    root.bind_all("<Mod2-q>", exit)
    root.mainloop()

现在，如果用户点击关闭窗口按钮或相应的键盘快捷键，应用程序将不会知道第二个窗口不再存在，所以当我们按下按钮打开/关闭窗口时，没有任何反应。此外，如果我们一直按下打开/关闭按钮，有时按钮不会打开第二个窗口。我做错了什么？

Answer 1

您想使用顶级窗口小部件的wm_protocol方法。特别是WM_DELETE_WINDOW协议。

>>> import tkinter as tk
>>> root = tk.Tk()
>>> dlg = tk.Toplevel(root)
>>> dlg.wm_title("dialog")
''
>>> root.wm_protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: print("close root"))
''
>>> dlg.wm_protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: print("close dialog"))
''
>>> root.mainloop()
close dialog
close root

单击窗口框关闭按钮（大红色X）时输出最后一行。当我单击此按钮时，现在不会退出，并且在任一Tk窗口上也会调用Alt-F4。

Tk documentation还有更多话要说。我发现的python文档似乎相当稀疏。

Answer 2

按照patthoyts的建议发布完整的工作代码。

#!/usr/bin/python3

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter.font


class baseApp(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.master = master

        self.mainframe = ttk.Frame(master)
        self.topframe = ttk.Frame(self.mainframe, padding="5 8 5 5")

        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)


class App(baseApp):
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.master = master
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="One",command=self.button_one)
        self.btn_remessas = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="Open/close Toplevel window",command=self.create_window2)
        self.button1.grid(row=0,column=0)
        self.btn_remessas.grid(row=0,column=1)
        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)

    def create_window2(self):
        if current_state.window2_open == False:
            self.newWindow2 = tk.Toplevel(self.master)
            self.newWindow2.geometry('600x500+680+0')
            self.newWindow2.title('Second window')
            self.janela_remessas = SecondWindow(self.newWindow2)
            current_state.window2_open = True
            self.newWindow2.wm_protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: self.close_window2())        
        else:
            self.close_window2()

    def close_window2(self, *event):
        print("closing window")
        root.update_idletasks()
        current_state.window2_open = False
        self.newWindow2.destroy()

    def button_one(self):
        print("button 1 pressed")


class SecondWindow:
    def __init__(self,master,*args,**kwargs):
        #super().__init__(master,*args,**kwargs)
        self.mainframe = ttk.Frame(master, padding="5 8 5 5")
        self.topframe = ttk.Frame(self.mainframe)
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self.topframe,text="button",command=self.button_function)
        self.button1.pack()                
        self.topframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X)
        self.mainframe.pack(side=tk.TOP, expand=True, fill=tk.BOTH)

    def button_function(self, *event):
        print("user just pressed button")

    def close_window(self, *event): #Please fix me!
        current_state.window2_open = False
        self.destroy()


class AppStatus:
    def __init__(self):
        self.window2_open = False  


if __name__ == "__main__": 
    root = tk.Tk() 
    app = App(root) 
    current_state = AppStatus()
    root.configure(background='grey95')
    root.title('Application window')
    root.geometry('1000x760+0+0')
    root.bind_all("<Mod2-q>", exit)
    root.mainloop()

在Python3 / tkinter中，当用户单击Toplevel窗口上的关闭按钮时如何拦截

2 个答案: