Question

我强烈怀疑最受欢迎的答案是“这是工作的错误工具”。我承认R可能不太适合发送和接收电子邮件，但它是我最熟悉的脚本语言。我希望找到一种在R中发送和接收短电子邮件的方法。有人知道在Windows平台上执行此操作的既定方法吗？我或许可以使用BLAT和GetMail的组合，但首选原生R解决方案。

编辑：可接受的解决方案应该能够与需要SSL的服务器连接。

编辑2：我提供了80％的答案。可悲的是，没有证明R本地方式。相反，我使用系统调用和命令行程序的邪恶组合，这些程序很可能不会跨平台兼容。 R本地调用将需要深入研究POP3服务器与连接客户端交互的方式，以及对我目前没有的SSL的理解。其他答案仍然鼓励。

##Note: Other programs are wrapped in R functions and system calls.
#They each have their own licenses which may or may not allow the use suggested here
#Programs used here:
#STunnel: http://www.stunnel.org/; Provides an SSL tunnel but requires OpenSSL 
#OpenSSL: http://www.openssl.org/; OpenSSL to actually provide SSL
#   Note that these .dlls should be placed with the stunnel exe.
#   Also note that libssl32.dll may need to be renamed from ssleay32.dll
#Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable (may be required for the SSL .dlls to work correctly)
#Blat: http://www.blat.net; a public domain SMTP sending program
#Getmail is free for non-commercial use. If you use it in a business environment, then a fee of $50 USD is payable to Tim Charron. 

#Stunnel is a TSR, so it will need to be killed from the task manager if there is an issue.  If you are willing to install it as a service you may be able to tweak my code to start and stop the service.  
#My current code does not create .conf file for stunnel the way a full version ought.  Check http://spampal.sanesecurity.com/manual_eng/servers/stunnel/stunnel.htm#sconfig21 to create the appropriate configuration file.

#Set the config values as appropriate
##Config##
BLAT.loc <- "c:/Programming/R/Rmail/blat262/full/blat.exe"
GetMail.loc <- "C:/Programming/R/RMail/getmail133/getmail.exe"
stunnel.loc <- "C:/Programming/R/RMail/stunnel/stunnel-4.11.exe"

#The set mail function assigns the username and password to be used as well as the smtp and pop3 servers it starts stunnel (and assumes that the stunnel.conf file is present and set correctly).
setMail <- function(user,pw,SSL=FALSE,smtp="127.0.0.1:259",pop3="127.0.0.1:1109")
{
    if (SSL==TRUE)
    {
        print("Starting stunnel; you will need to kill this from the task-manager")
        system(stunnel.loc,wait=FALSE)
        Sys.sleep(2) #Give it time to start 
    }
    return(list(user=user,pw=pw,smtp=smtp,pop3=pop3,SSL=SSL))
}

#function to send mail, myMail is the resulting list from setMail
sendmail <- function(myMail, to, subject, msg,VERBOSE=FALSE)
{
    writeLines(msg, "out.txt", sep = "\n", useBytes = FALSE)
      targ <- paste(getwd(),"/out.txt",sep="")
    call <- paste(BLAT.loc, ' "',targ,'" -subject "',subject,'" -to ',to," -u ",myMail$user," -pw ",myMail$pw, " -f ",myMail$user, " -debug -server ",myMail$smtp,sep="")
    res <- system(call,intern=TRUE)
    if (VERBOSE) {return(res)}
}

#function to get mail, myMail is the resulting list from setMail; it returns a list with one element that contains everything unparsed, another list provides the number of messages remaining on the server.
getmail <- function(myMail,VERBOSE=FALSE)
{      
    unlink("MSG1.txt") #drop previous get
    #download next message
    call <- paste(GetMail.loc," -u ",myMail$user," -pw ",myMail$pw," -s ",strsplit(myMail$pop3,":")[[1]][1],
        " -port ",strsplit(myMail$pop3,":")[[1]][2]," -n 1",sep="")
    res <- system(call,intern=TRUE)
    if (VERBOSE) {print(res)}
    nmsgtxt <- res[grep("messages on the server.",res)]
    nstart <- regexpr("There are",nmsgtxt)
    nend <- regexpr("messages on the server.",nmsgtxt)
    nmess <- as.numeric(substr(nmsgtxt,10,nend-1))-1
      x <- readLines("MSG1.txt",-1)
    return(list(message=x,remaining=nmess))
}

用例：简单地说，我需要让R能够将内容在R脚本中的其他位置确定的消息发送到SMTP服务器。参与者将收到电子邮件并回复。我需要从我的POP3服务器检索他们的响应并将其存储在R数据结构中，以便我可以对其执行后期处理。在实践中，我正在建立一种通过R进行经验抽样的方法。也就是说，R可以通过电子邮件向参与者发送电子邮件“你今天好吗（1 =坏; 7 =好）？”参与者可以回答“4”，我可以在数据库中匹配问题，响应等，以进行统计分析。

Answer 1

从Pop服务器提取消息

为了实现@JorisMeys利用其他语言的想法，我尝试使用Python和rJython包从Gmail（通过ssl）中提取邮件。 Jython是在Java虚拟机上实现的Python，所以使用rJython对我来说有点像使用R调用Java然后伪装成Python。

我发现rJython对于简单的事情很容易，但由于我不熟悉S4对象和（r）Java，我有时很难从rJython中正确地操作返回对象。但是，它有效。这是一个从Gmail帐户中提取单个邮件的基本结构：

library(rJython)

rJython <- rJython( modules = "poplib")

rJython$exec("import poplib")
rJython$exec("M = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com', 995)")
rJython$exec("M.user(\'yourGmailAddy@gmail.com\')")
rJython$exec("M.pass_(\'yourGmailPassword\')")
rJython$exec("numMessages = len(M.list()[1])")
numMessages <- rJython$get("numMessages")$getValue()

# grab message number one. Loop here if you
# want more messages
rJython$exec("msg = M.retr(1)[1]")
emailContent <- rJython$get("msg")

# turn the message into a list
contentList <- as.list(emailContent)
# so we have an R list... of Java objects
# To get a more native R list we have to
# yank the string from each Java item

messageToList <- function(contentList){
  outList <- list()
  for (i in 1:length(contentList)){
    outList[i] <- contentList[[i]]$toString()
  }
  outList
}

messageAsList <- messageToList(contentList)
messageAsList

Answer 2

查看CRAN上的sendmailR包。

Answer 3

使用mailR包（http://rpremraj.github.io/mailR/），您可以使用SSL发送电子邮件：

send.mail(from = "sender@gmail.com",
          to = c("recipient1@gmail.com", "recipient2@gmail.com"),
          subject = "Subject of the email",
          body = "<html>The apache logo - <img src=\"http://www.apache.org/images/asf_logo_wide.gif\"></html>",
          html = TRUE,
          smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
          attach.files = c("./download.log", "upload.log"),
          authenticate = TRUE,
          send = TRUE)

如何使用R发送/接收（SMTP / POP3）电子邮件？

3 个答案: