相对较短的答案

Question

我最近将一个项目从WPF 3.5转换为WPF 4.0。功能上，一切正常，但我在Aero主题上应用的DataGrid风格突然停止工作。正如您从下面的前/后图片中看到的那样，我的DataGrids从Aero外观加上粗体标题，额外填充和交替行格式变成了简单的“Aero”。除了删除所有对WPF工具包的引用（因为DataGrid现在是WPF 4.0的原生），我真的没有改变我的代码/标记。

之前（WPF Toolkit DataGrid）

Looks like Aero w/ bold headings, extra padding, and alternate row styles

（.NET 4.0 DataGrid）之后

Looks like Aero w/ nothing

正如我在an earlier question中学到的，如果我停止引用Aero资源字典，我能够再次使用自定义DataGrid样式，但是在Windows XP上所有内容看起来都是“Luna”（这不是我的意思）要）。

那么，我如何确保我的应用始终使用Aero主题，但仍然在WPF 4.0中的主题上应用样式？

这是我的App.xaml代码：

<Application x:Class="TempProj.App" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"> <Application.Resources> <ResourceDictionary> <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> <ResourceDictionary Source="/PresentationFramework.Aero, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, ProcessorArchitecture=MSIL;component/themes/aero.normalcolor.xaml" /> <ResourceDictionary Source="/CommonLibraryWpf;component/ResourceDictionaries/DataGridResourceDictionary.xaml" /> </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> </ResourceDictionary> </Application.Resources> </Application>

这是我的DataGridResourceDictionary.xaml代码：

<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"> <Style x:Key="DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle" TargetType="DataGridColumnHeader"> <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" /> <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextAlignment" Value="Center" /> <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextWrapping" Value="WrapWithOverflow" /> </Style> <Style x:Key="DataGrid_CellStyle" TargetType="DataGridCell"> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="5,5,5,5" /> <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextAlignment" Value="Center" /> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="DataGridCell"> <Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"> <ContentPresenter /> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> <Style TargetType="DataGrid"> <Setter Property="ColumnHeaderStyle" Value="{StaticResource DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle}" /> <Setter Property="CellStyle" Value="{StaticResource DataGrid_CellStyle}" /> <Setter Property="Background" Value="White" /> <Setter Property="AlternatingRowBackground" Value="#F0F0F0" /> <Setter Property="VerticalGridLinesBrush" Value="LightGray" /> <Setter Property="HeadersVisibility" Value="Column" /> <Setter Property="SelectionMode" Value="Single" /> <Setter Property="SelectionUnit" Value="FullRow" /> <Setter Property="GridLinesVisibility" Value="Vertical" /> <Setter Property="AutoGenerateColumns" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserAddRows" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserDeleteRows" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserReorderColumns" Value="True" /> <Setter Property="CanUserResizeColumns" Value="True" /> <Setter Property="CanUserResizeRows" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserSortColumns" Value="True" /> <Setter Property="IsReadOnly" Value="True" /> <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" /> <Setter Property="HorizontalGridLinesBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" /> <Setter Property="VerticalGridLinesBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" /> </Style> <Style x:Key="DataGrid_FixedStyle" TargetType="DataGrid" BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type DataGrid}}"> <Setter Property="CanUserReorderColumns" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserResizeColumns" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserResizeRows" Value="False" /> <Setter Property="CanUserSortColumns" Value="False" /> </Style> </ResourceDictionary>

以下是使用示例：

<DataGrid Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Style="{StaticResource DataGrid_FixedStyle}" ItemsSource="{Binding Coordinates}"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding X}" Header="X" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Y}" Header="Y" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Z}" Header="Z" /> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid>

修改

我刚想到可能问题是我引用了错误版本的Aero框架。

这就是我现在所拥有的：

<ResourceDictionary Source="/PresentationFramework.Aero, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, ProcessorArchitecture=MSIL;component/themes/aero.normalcolor.xaml" />

这应该更新到4.0版吗？什么是版本4的PublicKeyToken（或者我如何解决这个问题）？

Answer 1

相对较短的答案

加载主题资源与在操作系统级别更改主题不同。加载主题资源可能会产生不利影响。从WPF的角度来看，应用程序中现在存在大量隐式样式。这些样式可能胜过其他样式。最重要的是处理一个主题，如应用程序皮肤可能无法正常工作。

有一些模拟主题变化的替代方法。

此answer to a similar question列出了一些想法。
final point in this knowledge base article使用少量反射，必须在加载应用程序之前使用。
此codeplex project使用大剂量反射，可以随时使用。

此问题展示了一些相当复杂的WPF功能，其中一部分似乎没有记录。但是，它似乎不是一个错误。如果它不是一个错误 - 也就是说，如果所有这些都是故意的WPF行为 - 你可能会认为WPF DataGrid在一些领域的设计很差。

Meleak的回答非常正确。但是，问题是可以解决的，可以在不影响您的设计或需要重复样式设置的情况下解决。也许更重要的是，问题是 debuggable 。

以下XAML有效。我留下旧的XAML注释掉只是为了使更改更加明显。要更深入地了解问题，请参阅long answer。

<强> DataGridResourceDictionary.xaml：

<ResourceDictionary    
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">

    <!--
    <Style x:Key="DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle" TargetType="DataGridColumnHeader">
    -->
    <Style TargetType="DataGridColumnHeader" BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}}">

        <!--New-->
        <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
        <!---->

        <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" />
        <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextAlignment" Value="Center" />
        <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextWrapping" Value="WrapWithOverflow" />
    </Style>

    <!--
    <Style x:Key="DataGrid_CellStyle" TargetType="DataGridCell">
    -->
    <Style TargetType="DataGridCell" BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type DataGridCell}}">
        <Setter Property="Padding" Value="5,5,5,5" />
        <Setter Property="TextBlock.TextAlignment" Value="Center" />
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <!--
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="DataGridCell">
                    <Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                        <ContentPresenter />
                    </Border>
                </ControlTemplate>
                -->
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type DataGridCell}">
                    <Border 
                        Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}"
                        Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" 
                        BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"  
                        BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" 
                        SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
                        <ContentPresenter SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
                    </Border>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>

        <!--Additional Feature-->
        <!--
            Remove keyboard focus cues on cells and tabbing on cells when
            only rows are selectable and the DataGrid is readonly.

            Note that having some kind of keyboard focus cue is
            typically desirable.  For example, the lack of any keyboard 
            focus cues could be confusing if an application has multiple
            controls and each control is showing something selected, yet
            there is no keyboard focus cue.  It's not necessarily obvious
            what would happen if Control+C or Tab is pressed.

            So, when only rows are selectable and the DataGrid is readonly,
            is would be ideal to make cells not focusable at all, make
            the entire row focusable, and make sure the row has a focus cue.
            It would take much more investigation to implement this.
        -->
        <Style.Triggers>
            <MultiDataTrigger>
                <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                    <Condition Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=DataGrid}, Path=SelectionUnit}" Value="FullRow"/>
                    <Condition Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=DataGrid}, Path=IsReadOnly}" Value="True"/>
                </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>
                <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Background}" />
                <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}" />
                <Setter Property="IsTabStop" Value="False" />
            </MultiDataTrigger>
        </Style.Triggers>
        <!---->
    </Style>

    <!--
    <Style TargetType="DataGrid">
    --> 
    <Style TargetType="DataGrid" BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type DataGrid}}">

        <!--Unworkable Design-->
        <!--
        <Setter Property="ColumnHeaderStyle" Value="{StaticResource DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle}" />
        <Setter Property="CellStyle" Value="{StaticResource DataGrid_CellStyle}" />
        -->

        <Setter Property="Background" Value="White" />
        <Setter Property="AlternatingRowBackground" Value="#F0F0F0" />


        <!--This was a duplicate of the final PropertySetter.-->
        <!-- 
        <Setter Property="VerticalGridLinesBrush" Value="LightGray" />
        -->

        <Setter Property="HeadersVisibility" Value="Column" />
        <Setter Property="SelectionMode" Value="Single" />
        <Setter Property="SelectionUnit" Value="FullRow" />
        <Setter Property="GridLinesVisibility" Value="Vertical" />
        <Setter Property="AutoGenerateColumns" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserAddRows" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserDeleteRows" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserReorderColumns" Value="True" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserResizeColumns" Value="True" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserResizeRows" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserSortColumns" Value="True" />
        <Setter Property="IsReadOnly" Value="True" />
        <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" />
        <Setter Property="HorizontalGridLinesBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" />
        <Setter Property="VerticalGridLinesBrush" Value="#DDDDDD" />
    </Style>

    <Style x:Key="DataGrid_FixedStyle" TargetType="DataGrid" BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type DataGrid}}">
        <Setter Property="CanUserReorderColumns" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserResizeColumns" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserResizeRows" Value="False" />
        <Setter Property="CanUserSortColumns" Value="False" />
    </Style>
</ResourceDictionary>

<强> App.xaml中：

<Application    
    x:Class="TempProj.App"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
    <Application.Resources>
        <ResourceDictionary>
            <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
                <!--
                <ResourceDictionary                    
                    Source="/PresentationFramework.Aero,                        
                            Version=3.0.0.0,                     
                            Culture=neutral,                        
                            PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35,                        
                            ProcessorArchitecture=MSIL;component/themes/aero.normalcolor.xaml" />
                -->
                <ResourceDictionary                    
                    Source="/PresentationFramework.Aero,                        
                            Version=4.0.0.0,                     
                            Culture=neutral,                        
                            PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35,                        
                            ProcessorArchitecture=MSIL;component/themes/aero.normalcolor.xaml" />
                <!--New-->
                <!--
                    This is a modified replica of the DataGridRow Style in the Aero skin that's 
                    evaluated next.  We are hiding that Style and replacing it with this.
                -->
                <ResourceDictionary>
                    <Style x:Key="{x:Type DataGridRow}" TargetType="{x:Type DataGridRow}">
                        <!--
                            DataGridRow.Background must not be set in this application.  DataGridRow.Background
                            must only be set in the theme.  If it is set in the application, 
                            DataGrid.AlternatingRowBackground will not function properly.

                            See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4239714/why-cant-i-style-a-control-with-the-aero-theme-applied-in-wpf-4-0

                            The removal of this Setter is the only modification we have made.
                        -->
                        <!--
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}" />
                        -->

                        <Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true"/>
                        <Setter Property="Validation.ErrorTemplate" Value="{x:Null}" />
                        <Setter Property="ValidationErrorTemplate">
                            <Setter.Value>
                                <ControlTemplate>
                                    <TextBlock Margin="2,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Red" Text="!" />
                                </ControlTemplate>
                            </Setter.Value>
                        </Setter>
                        <Setter Property="Template">
                            <Setter.Value>
                                <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type DataGridRow}">
                                    <Border x:Name="DGR_Border"
                                            Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
                                            BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                            BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"
                                            SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
                                        <SelectiveScrollingGrid>
                                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                                                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                                <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>

                                            <DataGridCellsPresenter Grid.Column="1"
                                             ItemsPanel="{TemplateBinding ItemsPanel}"
                                             SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>

                                            <DataGridDetailsPresenter  SelectiveScrollingGrid.SelectiveScrollingOrientation="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGrid}}, Path=AreRowDetailsFrozen, Converter={x:Static DataGrid.RowDetailsScrollingConverter}, ConverterParameter={x:Static SelectiveScrollingOrientation.Vertical}}"
                                                Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1"
                                                Visibility="{TemplateBinding DetailsVisibility}" />

                                            <DataGridRowHeader SelectiveScrollingGrid.SelectiveScrollingOrientation="Vertical"  Grid.RowSpan="2"
                                                Visibility="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGrid}}, Path=HeadersVisibility, Converter={x:Static DataGrid.HeadersVisibilityConverter}, ConverterParameter={x:Static DataGridHeadersVisibility.Row}}"/>
                                        </SelectiveScrollingGrid>
                                    </Border>
                                </ControlTemplate>
                            </Setter.Value>
                        </Setter>
                    </Style>
                </ResourceDictionary>
                <!---->

                <ResourceDictionary Source="/CommonLibraryWpf;component/ResourceDictionaries/DataGridResourceDictionary.xaml" />
            </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        </ResourceDictionary>
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

<强> MainWindow.xaml：

<Window 
    x:Class="TempProj.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Vector3DCollection x:Key="Coordinates">
            <Vector3D X="1" Y="0" Z="0"/>
            <Vector3D X="0" Y="22" Z="0"/>
            <Vector3D X="0" Y="0" Z="333"/>
            <Vector3D X="0" Y="4444" Z="0"/>
            <Vector3D X="55555" Y="0" Z="0"/>
        </Vector3DCollection>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <DataGrid
            Grid.Row="0"    
            Grid.Column="0"    
            Style="{StaticResource DataGrid_FixedStyle}"
            ItemsSource="{StaticResource Coordinates}">
            <DataGrid.Columns>
                <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding X}" Header="X" />
                <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Y}" Header="Y" />
                <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Z}" Header="Z" />
            </DataGrid.Columns>
        </DataGrid>
    </Grid>
</Window>

Answer 2

我认为问题本身不是PresentationFramework.Aero，而是通过包含它来获得隐式DataGrid样式。这也可以通过在App.xaml中添加它来看到

<Application.Resources>
    <Style TargetType="{x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}"/>
</Application.Resources>

如果未明确设置，这将导致所有DataGridColumnHeader失去其样式。

这将有效

<DataGrid ColumnHeaderStyle="{StaticResource DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle}" ../>

但是，这不会

<DataGrid Style="{StaticResource DataGrid_FixedStyle}" ../>

<Style x:Key="DataGrid_FixedStyle" TargetType="DataGrid">
    <Setter Property="ColumnHeaderStyle"
            Value="{StaticResource DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle}" />
</Style>

我不确定这方面的好方法。我唯一能想到的是在DataGrid本身上明确设置所有样式，但这可能不方便，特别是如果你在很多地方使用这种风格。

<DataGrid Style="{StaticResource DataGrid_FixedStyle}"
          ColumnHeaderStyle="{StaticResource DataGrid_ColumnHeaderStyle}"
          CellStyle="{StaticResource DataGrid_CellStyle}"
          ... >

为什么我不能使用WPF 4.0中应用的Aero主题设置控件的样式？

3 个答案:

相对较短的答案