我创建了一个AWS云信息，它创建了一个启动配置和一个自动缩放组。在启动Config中的用户数据中，我配置了文件系统挂载目标，并安装了cloudwatch代理：
代码已编辑
"LaunchConfig":{
"Type":"AWS::AutoScaling::LaunchConfiguration",
"Metadata" : {
"AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
"config" : {
"files" : {
"/etc/cwlogs.cfg": {
"content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"[general]",
"state_file = /var/awslogs/state/agent-state",
"[/var/log/syslog]",
"file = /tmp/",
"log_group_name = ecs-dataloader",
"log_stream_name = ECS-loader",
"datetime_format = %b %d %H:%M:%S"
]]},
"mode": "000755",
"owner": "root",
"group": "root"
},
"/etc/ecs/ecs.config": {
"content": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"ECS_CLUSTER=", { "Ref" : "ClusterName" }
]]},
"mode": "000755",
"owner": "root",
"group": "root"
}
},
"commands": {
"Update": {
"command": "yum -y update"
},
"InstallNfs":{
"command": "yum -y install nfs-utils"
},
"CreatFolder": {
"command": "mkdir -p /efs-mount-point/"
},
"EditPerms": {
"command": "chown ec2-user:ec2-user /efs-mount-point/"
},
"MountPoint": {
"command": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"AZ=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone)\n",
"echo LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs / ext4 defaults,discard 0 0\n",
"$AZ.",{ "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "FileSystemMap", {"Ref" : "EnvParam"}, "FileSystemID"] },
".efs.",{ "Ref" : "AWS::Region" },".amazonaws.com:/ /efs-script-import-tmp nfs4 nfsvers=4.1 0 0 >> /etc/fstab"
]]}
},
"Mount": {
"command": "mount -a -t nfs4"
},
"CloudWatchAgent": {
"command": { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"curl https://s3.amazonaws.com/aws-cloudwatch/downloads/latest/awslogs-agent-setup.py -O\n",
"python ./awslogs-agent-setup.py --region ",{"Ref" : "AWS::Region"},"\n",
"chmod +x ./awslogs-agent-setup.py ./awslogs-agent-setup.py -n -r",
{"Ref" : "AWS::Region"}," -c /etc/cwlogs.cfg"
]]}
}
},
"services" : {
"sysvinit" : {
"awslogs" : { "enabled" : "true", "ensureRunning" : "true" }
}
}
}
}
},
"Properties":{
"ImageId":{ "Fn::FindInMap":[ "AWSRegionToAMI", { "Ref":"AWS::Region" }, "AMIID" ] },
"SecurityGroups":[ { "Ref":"EcsSecurityGroup" } ],
"InstanceType": {"Ref":"InstanceType" },
"IamInstanceProfile":{ "Ref":"EC2InstanceProfile" },
"KeyName":{ "Fn::FindInMap" : [ "KeyPairMapping", {"Ref" : "EnvParam"}, "Key"] },
"UserData":{ "Fn::Base64" : {
"Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#!/bin/bash -xe\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
" --stack ", { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" },
" --resource LaunchConfig",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" },"\n"
]]}
}
}
}
图片详细信息："eu-west-1": { "AMIID":"ami-ba346ec9" },
运行模板后，资源成功创建。所以我连接到由autoscaling组通过SSH创建的实例，以查看userData是否正确运行和设置。 不幸的是，经过检查，这是我在/ etc / fstab文件中找到的：
$ cat /etc/fstab
LABEL=cloudimg-rootfs / ext4 defaults,discard 0 0
$ cat /etc/ecs/ecs.config
cat: /etc/ecs/ecs.config: No such file or directory
该实例未与file system相关联，我尝试在cloudformation::init /etc/cwlogs.cfg中创建的文件也不存在（它是cloudwatch agent配置文件）。任何人都可以告诉我用户数据中有什么问题没有被执行吗？
我尝试检查日志文件但是：
$ cat /var/log/cfn-init.log
cat: /var/log/cfn-init.log: No such file or directory
这里有什么问题？
修改
$ cat /var/log/cloud-init-ouput.log
...
Cloud-init v. 0.7.6 running 'modules:final' at Fri, 17 Feb 2017 11:43:42 +0000. Up 44.66 seconds.
+ yum install -y aws-cfn-bootstrap/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v --stack Mystack --resource LaunchConfig --region eu-west-1
Loading "priorities" plugin
Loading "update-motd" plugin
Config time: 0.009
Command line error: no such option: --stack
Feb 17 11:43:43 cloud-init[2814]: util.py[WARNING]: Failed running /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts/part-001 [1]
Feb 17 11:43:43 cloud-init[2814]: cc_scripts_user.py[WARNING]: Failed to run module scripts-user (scripts in /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts)
Feb 17 11:43:43 cloud-init[2814]: util.py[WARNING]: Running module scripts-user (<module 'cloudinit.config.cc_scripts_user' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cloudinit/config/cc_scripts_user.pyc'>) failed
Cloud-init v. 0.7.6 finished at Fri, 17 Feb 2017 11:43:43 +0000. Datasource DataSourceEc2. Up 45.18 seconds
答案 0 :(得分：2)
用户数据日志文件位于：
save /var/log/cloud-init.log 检查日志文件中是否有任何内容。如果没有，那么从模板传递用户数据脚本就出了问题。 （为什么在Join中有初始的空引号？）
答案 1 :(得分：2)
cfn-init仅在Amazon Linux AMI上默认安装，因此如果您使用任何其他Image ID启动EC2实例，则需要确保在调用之前正确安装它。有关详细信息，请参阅我的previous answer问题“Installing packages using apt-get in CloudFormation file”。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
以下是我解决问题的方法：在调用元数据之前更新用户数据中的cloud-init，而不是在元数据中安装cloudwatch代理，我在userdata中做了。
"UserData":{ "Fn::Base64" : {
"Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#!/bin/bash -xe\n",
"yum -y install aws-cfn-bootstrap\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v",
" --stack ", { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" },
" --resource LaunchConfig",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" },"\n",
"# Get the CloudWatch Logs agent\n",
"wget https://s3.amazonaws.com/aws-cloudwatch/downloads/latest/awslogs-agent-setup.py\n",
"# Install the CloudWatch Logs agent\n",
"python ./awslogs-agent-setup.py -n -r ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, " -c /etc/cwlogs.cfg || error_exit 'Failed to run CloudWatch Logs agent setup'\n",
"service awslogs start"
]]}