我编写了一个程序，要求用户在四天内输入高温和低温。在此之后，程序使用所有四天的输入计算平均温度。一切都工作正常但是，我需要让程序确定并输出最高的温度和发生的日期，以及最小的低温和它发生的那一天。这是我目前的代码
#include <stdio.h>
#define NUMS 4
int main (void)
{
int high[NUMS];
int low[NUMS];
const int MAX = 40;
const int MIN = -40;
int totalhigh;
int totallow;
int sum;
float avg;
printf ("---===IPC Temperature Analyzer ===---\n");
printf ("Enter the high value for day 1: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[0]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 1: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[0]);
while (high[0] > MAX || low[0] < MIN || high[0] < low[0]) {
printf ("Incorrect values, temperatures must be in the range -40 to 40, high must be greater than low.\n");
printf ("Enter the high value for day 1: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[0]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 1: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[0]);
}
printf ("Enter the high value for day 2: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[1]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 2: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[1]);
while (high[1] > MAX || low[1] < MIN || high[1] < low[1]) {
printf ("Incorrect values, temperatures must be in the range -40 to 40, high must be greater than low.\n");
printf ("Enter the high value for day 2: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[1]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 2: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[1]);
}
printf ("Enter the high value for day 3: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[2]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 3: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[2]);
}
printf ("Enter the high value for day 4: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[3]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 4: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[3]);
while (high[3] > MAX || low[3] < MIN || high[3] < low[3]) {
printf ("Incorrect values, temperatures must be in the range -40 to 40, high must be greater than low.\n");
printf ("Enter the high value for day 4: ");
scanf ("%d", &high[3]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day 4: ");
scanf ("%d", &low[3]);
}
totalhigh = high[0] + high[1] + high[2] + high[3];
totallow = low[0] + low[1] + low[2] + low[3];
sum = totalhigh + totallow;
avg = sum/8.0;
printf ("The average (mean) temperature was: %.2f\n", avg);
if (high[0] > high[1] || high[0] > high[2] || high[0] > high[3]) {
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 1\n", high[0]);
}
else if (high[1] > high[0] || high[1] > high[2] || high[1] > high[3]) {
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 2\n", high[1]);
}
else if (high[2] > high[0] || high[2] > high[1] || high[2] > high[3]){
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 3\n", high[2]);
}
else {
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 4\n", high[3]);
}
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您当前的代码可以使用循环和辅助函数，这会通过减少所有scanf()次调用来缩短代码。通过使用更多函数，您还可以抽象更多，但它将显示一般的想法。
检查scanf()的结果也很好，以防万一用户输入非整数。
您当前的代码可能如下所示：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define NUMS 4
/* takes a pointer to a number */
void get_input(int *temp) {
if (scanf("%d", temp) != 1) {
printf("Invalid temp entered\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
int main(void) {
int high[NUMS];
int low[NUMS];
const int MAX = 40;
const int MIN = -40;
int day = 1, totalhigh = 0, totallow = 0, sum;
float avg;
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUMS; i++) {
printf ("Enter the high value for day %d: ", day);
/* takes the address of the pointer given by get_input() */
get_input(&high[i]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day %d: ", day);
get_input(&low[i]);
while (high[i] > MAX || low[i] < MIN || high[i] < low[i]) {
printf ("Incorrect values, temperatures must be in the range -40 to 40, high must be greater than low.\n");
printf ("Enter the high value for day %d: ", day);
get_input(&high[i]);
printf ("Enter the low value for day %d: ", day);
get_input(&low[i]);
}
day++;
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < NUMS; i++) {
totalhigh += high[i];
totallow += low[i];
}
sum = totalhigh + totallow;
avg = sum/8.0;
printf ("The average (mean) temperature was: %.2f\n", avg);
return 0;
}
在寻找最大和最小温度方面，您可以使用以下方法：
max和min设置为数组的第一个元素array[0]。i=1循环到i=n。max，请将max设置为array[i]。如果元素小于min，请将min设置为array[i]。 i+1。 由于做这样的事情可以帮助你更好地理解循环，我决定只描述步骤。上面的代码只是对当前代码的改进，并向您展示一种更简单的方法，它将向您展示如何解决这些问题的不同观点。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我更新了我的代码，使上面代码中提到的if语句正常运行。这是：
if (high[0] > high[1] && high[0] > high[2] && high[0] > high[3]) { // Check to see if day 1 has the highest temperature against days 2,3 and 4.
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 1\n", high[0]); // Output day 1 as the highest temperature and indicate the temperature value.
}
else if (high[1] > high[0] && high[1] > high[2] && high[1] > high[3]) { // Same function as the above function for day 1 except this is used for day 2.
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 2\n", high[1]); // Refer to day 1 printf
}
else if (high[2] > high[0] && high[2] > high[1] && high[2] > high[3]){
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 3\n", high[2]);
}
else {
printf ("The highest temperature was %d, on day 4\n", high[3]);
}
// Switch out high values with low values in order to determine lowest temperature and its corresponding day.