我试图通过lsoft.com在redhat上安装LISTSERV。该软件包附带编译器测试,此测试失败。
操作系统是:
红帽企业Linux服务器版本6.8(圣地亚哥)
The Arch是:
x86_64的
编译器是:
gcc(GCC)4.4.7 20120313(Red Hat 4.4.7-17)
这里是完整的" gcc -v":
使用内置规格。
目标:x86_64-redhat-linux
配置:../ configure --prefix = / usr --mandir = / usr / share / man --infodir = / usr / share / info --with-bugurl = http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla - enable -bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads = posix --enable-checking = release --with-system-zlib --enable -__ cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object - -enable-languages = c,c ++,objc,obj-c ++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt = gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home = / usr / lib / jvm / java -1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0 / jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar = / usr / share / java / eclipse-ecj.jar - disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune = generic --with-arch_32 = i686 --build = x86_64-redhat-linux
线程模型:posix
gcc version 4.4.7 20120313(Red Hat 4.4.7-17)(GCC)
compilertest.c:
main()
{}
编译器测试命令:
gcc -O compilertest.c
错误消息:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7 /../../../ crt1.o:无法读取符号:文件格式错误 collect2:ld返回1退出状态
该文件作为真实文件存在(即不是符号链接):
-rw-r - r-- 1 root root 1240 Jan 28 2016 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o
那么,我错过了什么?使用32b而不是64b编译的东西?我错过了一个图书馆或者版本错误吗?
$ readelf -h /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF32
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: REL (Relocatable file)
Machine: Intel 80386
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x0
Start of program headers: 0 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 288 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x0
Size of this header: 52 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 0 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 0
Size of section headers: 40 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 13
Section header string table index: 10
$ env -i PATH=/usr/bin gcc -O compilertest.c
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o: could not read symbols: File in wrong format
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ gcc -v compilertest.c
Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=i686 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17) (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/cc1 -quiet -v compilertest.c -quiet -dumpbase compilertest.c -mtune=generic -auxbase compilertest -version -o /tmp/ccGTjhJB.s
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../../x86_64-redhat-linux/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/local/include
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/include
/usr/include
End of search list.
GNU C (GCC) version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17) (x86_64-redhat-linux)
compiled by GNU C version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17), GMP version 4.3.1, MPFR version 2.4.1.
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: 2e79a9448b1040fd1e442d3c6bfaea69
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
as -V -Qy -o /tmp/cc4clAj5.o /tmp/ccGTjhJB.s
GNU assembler version 2.20.51.0.2 (x86_64-redhat-linux) using BFD version version 2.20.51.0.2-5.44.el6 20100205
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../../lib64/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-mtune=generic'
/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr --build-id -m elf_x86_64 --hash-style=gnu -dynamic-linker /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/crtbegin.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../../lib64 -L/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/../lib64 -L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../.. /tmp/cc4clAj5.o -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed -lc -lgcc --as-needed -lgcc_s --no-as-needed /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/crtend.o /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crtn.o
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o: could not read symbols: File in wrong format
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ file /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7/../../../crt1.o: ELF 32-bit LSB relocatable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.18, not stripped
答案 0 :(得分:2)
此错误消息:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.4.7 /../../../ crt1.o:无法读取符号:文件格式错误collect2:ld返回1退出状态< / p>
表示链接器找到了一个32位目标文件,它预期为64位,或者反之亦然。您可以通过使用file
命令检查相关文件来确定哪个。为此目的readelf
有点矫枉过正,但它也完成了工作。我们知道你的是一个32位ELF目标文件,因此编译器可能需要一个64位的文件。
您提出的路径规范化为/usr/lib/crt1.o
。在RHEL6上,属于32位glibc-devel包(64位模拟位于/usr/lib64
)。 32位ELF对象正是该文件应该是什么,因此如果编译器期望64位对象,那么它就会出现严重错误。
我最好的猜测是,从源代码或来自某个其他基于RPM的发行版(甚至是不同版本的RHEL)的软件包安装会为您创建一个无法使用的环境。如果您在/usr/bin
以外的地方有GCC的源代码安装副本,那么删除它(至少从路径中)可能足以解决您的问题。命令which gcc
可能有助于确定您是否获得了流氓gcc
而不是RHEL的标准版。
否则,最好的办法是删除gcc和开发库的所有副本,然后从官方软件包存储库重新安装。要删除并重新安装的主要软件包是&#39; gcc&#39;和&#39; glibc-devel&#39 ;;删除这些也可能导致其他工具和开发库被删除。我建议同时删除任何&#39; compat-gcc&#39;包。不要试图删除主要的glibc&#39;但是,如果你以某种方式设法做到这一点,它会使你的系统无法运行。