Question

这个过程是我向服务器发送一张票，服务器会回复我需要的信息。例如，

import requests
URL = "https://ssl.XXX.com/sql_v5i.php"
Ticket = {"A":"1","B":"2"}  # a dictionary
ticket_post = requests.post(URL, data=Ticket)
print ticket__post.text

但是如何一次性发送带有"A":"1", "B":"2"和二进制数据（仅包含数据和无密钥）的票证？

为了完成这项任务，有一段PHP工作：

<?php

$BASE_SERVER_URL="https://ssl.XXX.com/sql_v5i.php"
$TICKET = array(
          'fn' => 'ticket',
          'testid' => '2'
          ... # And many other key-value pair in the TICKET array
          );    

class DataStreamer{
  private $data;
  private $pos;

function __construct($data) {
  $this->data = $data;
  $this->pos = 0;
}

function stream_function($handle, $fd, $count){
$res = substr($this->data, $this->pos, $count);
$this->pos += strlen($res);
return $res;
}
}

function sendTicketToServer($data) {
global $TICKET, $BASE_SERVER_URL; # TICKET is an array stores ticket           
                                  #  information in php
$ret = array(true);  
$postFields = "";
foreach ($TICKET as $name => $val)
    $postFields = (empty($postFields) ? "" :  "${postFields}&") ."${name}=" . urlencode($val); 

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );  
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, "${BASE_SERVER_URL}?" . $postFields );  
                                        # add key-value pairs
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, false );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE );

 if (!empty($data)) { # data is the binary string , add binary string
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER, true); 
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true); 
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type: application/octet-stream', 'Content-length: ' . strlen($data))); 
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, array(new DataStreamer($data), "stream_function")); 
    } else {
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type: application/octet-stream', 'Content-length: 0')); 
}

$resp = curl_exec($ch);
$code=curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
if( $resp === FALSE || $code !== 200 ) {
    echo "!!!!! Failed to get connection from the server. Code:    $code\n";
    return array(ERR_NO_SERVER_CONNECTION."000");
}

curl_close($ch); 
return $ret;

如何在Python中执行相同操作（使用请求或不使用请求）。

binary_data =“ 5UU ǚ h V “

Answer 1

PHP示例不会将Ticket作为POST数据发送，而是作为GET数据发送 - 这意味着在网址

https://ssl.XXX.com/sql_v5i.php?A=1&B=2

您可以使用params=Ticket在requests中执行相同操作。然后，您可以使用data=或files=发送二进制数据。

我使用特殊门户网站httpbin.org来测试请求，但您的门户网站可能需要更多工作。

import requests

url = "http://httpbin.org/post"
ticket = {"A":"1","B":"2"}
binary_data = b'hello world'

headers = {
    'Content-type': 'application/octet-stream',
}

r = requests.post(url, params=ticket, data=binary_data, headers=headers)

print('--- requests ---')
print(r.url)
print(r.request.headers)
print(r.request.body)

print('--- response ---')
print(r.text)

结果：

--- requests ---
http://httpbin.org/post?B=2&A=1
{'Content-type': 'application/octet-stream', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Content-Length': '11', 'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.12.1', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Accept': '*/*'}
b'hello world'
--- response ---
{
  "args": {
    "A": "1", 
    "B": "2"
  }, 
  "data": "hello world", 
  "files": {}, 
  "form": {}, 
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Content-Length": "11", 
    "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.12.1"
  }, 
  "json": null, 
  "origin": "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx", 
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post?B=2&A=1"
}

您还可以使用本地代理服务器（即Charles）来比较PHP请求和Python请求。

PHP：

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_PROXY, '127.0.0.1:8888');

的Python：

proxy = {
    'http': '127.0.0.1:8888',
    'https': '127.0.0.1:8888',
}

r = requests.post(url, params=ticket, data=binary_data, 
                    headers=headers, proxies=proxy)

如何使用Python

1 个答案: