我有以下带有多个描述和客户的json文件（不是mydata，但这是一般结构）。 我想快速找出哪些客户有一个特定的模块。
例如，拥有AD模块的客户是Customer3，Customer4（有效只是CustomersDescs中的行而不是'ALL'中的行）
{
"Descriptions": {
"AA": "AA-Module1",
"AD": "AD-Module2",
"AL": "AL-Module3",
"AAB": "AAB-Module4",
"AAC": "AAC-Module5",
"CE": "CE-Module6",
"CL": "CL-Module7"
},
"WebServices": {
"CA": "WS1",
"CB": "WS2",
"CL": "WS2",
"DB": "WS3",
"UA": "WS4"
},
"CustomersDescs": {
"ALL": [
"AA",
"AD",
"AL",
"AAB",
"AAC",
"CE",
"CL"
],
"Customer1": [
"AA",
"AAC"
],
"Customer2": [
"AA",
"CE"
],
"Customer3": [
"AA",
"CE",
"AD",
"CL"
],
"Customer4": [
"AA",
"CE",
"AD",
"CL"
]
}
}
有没有办法检索此信息？ 提前致谢
答案 0 :(得分：0)
以下示例显示如何解析JSON并获取客户具有特定模块的数据。将以下代码放入VBA Project标准模块：
Option Explicit
Sub TestModulesDistribution()
Dim sJSONString As String
Dim vJSON As Variant
Dim sState As String
Dim oModules As Object
Dim sCustomer As Variant
Dim sModule As Variant
' Read JSON content
' Put sourse JSON string to "\source.json" file in ASCII or Unicode charset
sJSONString = ReadTextFile(ThisWorkbook.Path & "\source.json", -2)
' Process JSON
JSON.Parse sJSONString, vJSON, sState
Set vJSON = vJSON("CustomersDescs")
Set oModules = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
vJSON.Remove "ALL"
For Each sCustomer In vJSON
For Each sModule In vJSON(sCustomer)
If Not oModules.Exists(sModule) Then Set oModules(sModule) = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
oModules(sModule)(sCustomer) = ""
Next
Next
' Output result for example
For Each sModule In oModules
Debug.Print sModule
Debug.Print vbTab & Join(oModules(sModule).Keys(), vbCrLf & vbTab)
Next
End Sub
Function ReadTextFile(sPath As String, lFormat As Long) As String
' lFormat -2 - System default, -1 - Unicode, 0 - ASCII
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").OpenTextFile(sPath, 1, False, lFormat)
ReadTextFile = ""
If Not .AtEndOfStream Then ReadTextFile = .ReadAll
.Close
End With
End Function
再创建一个标准模块，将其命名为JSON并将下面的代码放入其中，此代码提供JSON处理功能：
Option Explicit
Private sBuffer As String
Private oTokens As Object
Private oRegEx As Object
Private bMatch As Boolean
Private oChunks As Object
Private oHeader As Object
Private aData() As Variant
Private i As Long
Sub Parse(ByVal sSample As String, vJSON As Variant, sState As String)
' Backus–Naur form JSON parser implementation based on RegEx
' Input:
' sSample - source JSON string
' Output:
' vJson - created object or array to be returned as result
' sState - string Object|Array|Error depending on processing
sBuffer = sSample
Set oTokens = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Set oRegEx = CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
With oRegEx ' Patterns based on specification http://www.json.org/
.Global = True
.MultiLine = True
.IgnoreCase = True ' Unspecified True, False, Null accepted
.Pattern = "(?:'[^']*'|""(?:\\""|[^""])*"")(?=\s*[,\:\]\}])" ' Double-quoted string, unspecified quoted string
Tokenize "s"
.Pattern = "[+-]?(?:\d+\.\d*|\.\d+|\d+)(?:e[+-]?\d+)?(?=\s*[,\]\}])" ' Number, E notation number
Tokenize "d"
.Pattern = "\b(?:true|false|null)(?=\s*[,\]\}])" ' Constants true, false, null
Tokenize "c"
.Pattern = "\b[A-Za-z_]\w*(?=\s*\:)" ' Unspecified non-double-quoted property name accepted
Tokenize "n"
.Pattern = "\s+"
sBuffer = .Replace(sBuffer, "") ' Remove unnecessary spaces
.MultiLine = False
Do
bMatch = False
.Pattern = "<\d+(?:[sn])>\:<\d+[codas]>" ' Object property structure
Tokenize "p"
.Pattern = "\{(?:<\d+p>(?:,<\d+p>)*)?\}" ' Object structure
Tokenize "o"
.Pattern = "\[(?:<\d+[codas]>(?:,<\d+[codas]>)*)?\]" ' Array structure
Tokenize "a"
Loop While bMatch
.Pattern = "^<\d+[oa]>$" ' Top level object structure, unspecified array accepted
If .Test(sBuffer) And oTokens.Exists(sBuffer) Then
Retrieve sBuffer, vJSON
sState = IIf(IsObject(vJSON), "Object", "Array")
Else
vJSON = Null
sState = "Error"
End If
End With
Set oTokens = Nothing
Set oRegEx = Nothing
End Sub
Private Sub Tokenize(sType)
Dim aContent() As String
Dim lCopyIndex As Long
Dim i As Long
Dim sKey As String
With oRegEx.Execute(sBuffer)
If .Count = 0 Then Exit Sub
ReDim aContent(0 To .Count - 1)
lCopyIndex = 1
For i = 0 To .Count - 1
With .Item(i)
sKey = "<" & oTokens.Count & sType & ">"
oTokens(sKey) = .Value
aContent(i) = Mid(sBuffer, lCopyIndex, .FirstIndex - lCopyIndex + 1) & sKey
lCopyIndex = .FirstIndex + .Length + 1
End With
Next
End With
sBuffer = Join(aContent, "") & Mid(sBuffer, lCopyIndex, Len(sBuffer) - lCopyIndex + 1)
bMatch = True
End Sub
Private Sub Retrieve(sTokenKey, vTransfer)
Dim sTokenValue As String
Dim sName As String
Dim vValue As Variant
Dim aTokens() As String
Dim i As Long
sTokenValue = oTokens(sTokenKey)
With oRegEx
.Global = True
Select Case Left(Right(sTokenKey, 2), 1)
Case "o"
Set vTransfer = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
aTokens = Split(sTokenValue, "<")
For i = 1 To UBound(aTokens)
Retrieve "<" & Split(aTokens(i), ">", 2)(0) & ">", vTransfer
Next
Case "p"
aTokens = Split(sTokenValue, "<", 4)
Retrieve "<" & Split(aTokens(1), ">", 2)(0) & ">", sName
Retrieve "<" & Split(aTokens(2), ">", 2)(0) & ">", vValue
If IsObject(vValue) Then
Set vTransfer(sName) = vValue
Else
vTransfer(sName) = vValue
End If
Case "a"
aTokens = Split(sTokenValue, "<")
If UBound(aTokens) = 0 Then
vTransfer = Array()
Else
ReDim vTransfer(0 To UBound(aTokens) - 1)
For i = 1 To UBound(aTokens)
Retrieve "<" & Split(aTokens(i), ">", 2)(0) & ">", vValue
If IsObject(vValue) Then
Set vTransfer(i - 1) = vValue
Else
vTransfer(i - 1) = vValue
End If
Next
End If
Case "n"
vTransfer = sTokenValue
Case "s"
vTransfer = Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace( _
Mid(sTokenValue, 2, Len(sTokenValue) - 2), _
"\""", """"), _
"\\", "\"), _
"\/", "/"), _
"\b", Chr(8)), _
"\f", Chr(12)), _
"\n", vbLf), _
"\r", vbCr), _
"\t", vbTab)
.Global = False
.Pattern = "\\u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}"
Do While .Test(vTransfer)
vTransfer = .Replace(vTransfer, ChrW(("&H" & Right(.Execute(vTransfer)(0).Value, 4)) * 1))
Loop
Case "d"
vTransfer = Evaluate(sTokenValue)
Case "c"
Select Case LCase(sTokenValue)
Case "true"
vTransfer = True
Case "false"
vTransfer = False
Case "null"
vTransfer = Null
End Select
End Select
End With
End Sub
Function Serialize(vJSON As Variant) As String
Set oChunks = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
SerializeElement vJSON, ""
Serialize = Join(oChunks.Items(), "")
Set oChunks = Nothing
End Function
Private Sub SerializeElement(vElement As Variant, ByVal sIndent As String)
Dim aKeys() As Variant
Dim i As Long
With oChunks
Select Case VarType(vElement)
Case vbObject
If vElement.Count = 0 Then
.Item(.Count) = "{}"
Else
.Item(.Count) = "{" & vbCrLf
aKeys = vElement.Keys
For i = 0 To UBound(aKeys)
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & vbTab & """" & aKeys(i) & """" & ": "
SerializeElement vElement(aKeys(i)), sIndent & vbTab
If Not (i = UBound(aKeys)) Then .Item(.Count) = ","
.Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
Next
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & "}"
End If
Case Is >= vbArray
If UBound(vElement) = -1 Then
.Item(.Count) = "[]"
Else
.Item(.Count) = "[" & vbCrLf
For i = 0 To UBound(vElement)
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & vbTab
SerializeElement vElement(i), sIndent & vbTab
If Not (i = UBound(vElement)) Then .Item(.Count) = "," 'sResult = sResult & ","
.Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
Next
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & "]"
End If
Case vbInteger, vbLong
.Item(.Count) = vElement
Case vbSingle, vbDouble
.Item(.Count) = Replace(vElement, ",", ".")
Case vbNull
.Item(.Count) = "null"
Case vbBoolean
.Item(.Count) = IIf(vElement, "true", "false")
Case Else
.Item(.Count) = """" & _
Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(Replace(vElement, _
"\", "\\"), _
"""", "\"""), _
"/", "\/"), _
Chr(8), "\b"), _
Chr(12), "\f"), _
vbLf, "\n"), _
vbCr, "\r"), _
vbTab, "\t") & _
""""
End Select
End With
End Sub
Function ToString(vJSON As Variant) As String
Select Case VarType(vJSON)
Case vbObject, Is >= vbArray
Set oChunks = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
ToStringElement vJSON, ""
oChunks.Remove 0
ToString = Join(oChunks.Items(), "")
Set oChunks = Nothing
Case vbNull
ToString = "Null"
Case vbBoolean
ToString = IIf(vJSON, "True", "False")
Case Else
ToString = CStr(vJSON)
End Select
End Function
Private Sub ToStringElement(vElement As Variant, ByVal sIndent As String)
Dim aKeys() As Variant
Dim i As Long
With oChunks
Select Case VarType(vElement)
Case vbObject
If vElement.Count = 0 Then
.Item(.Count) = "''"
Else
.Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
aKeys = vElement.Keys
For i = 0 To UBound(aKeys)
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & aKeys(i) & ": "
ToStringElement vElement(aKeys(i)), sIndent & vbTab
If Not (i = UBound(aKeys)) Then .Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
Next
End If
Case Is >= vbArray
If UBound(vElement) = -1 Then
.Item(.Count) = "''"
Else
.Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
For i = 0 To UBound(vElement)
.Item(.Count) = sIndent & i & ": "
ToStringElement vElement(i), sIndent & vbTab
If Not (i = UBound(vElement)) Then .Item(.Count) = vbCrLf
Next
End If
Case vbNull
.Item(.Count) = "Null"
Case vbBoolean
.Item(.Count) = IIf(vElement, "True", "False")
Case Else
.Item(.Count) = CStr(vElement)
End Select
End With
End Sub
Sub ToArray(vJSON As Variant, aRows() As Variant, aHeader() As Variant)
' Input:
' vJSON - Array or Object which contains rows data
' Output:
' aData - 2d array representing JSON data
' aHeader - 1d array of property names
Dim sName As Variant
Set oHeader = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Select Case VarType(vJSON)
Case vbObject
If vJSON.Count > 0 Then
ReDim aData(0 To vJSON.Count - 1, 0 To 0)
oHeader("#") = 0
i = 0
For Each sName In vJSON
aData(i, 0) = "#" & sName
ToArrayElement vJSON(sName), ""
i = i + 1
Next
Else
ReDim aData(0 To 0, 0 To 0)
End If
Case Is >= vbArray
If UBound(vJSON) >= 0 Then
ReDim aData(0 To UBound(vJSON), 0 To 0)
For i = 0 To UBound(vJSON)
ToArrayElement vJSON(i), ""
Next
Else
ReDim aData(0 To 0, 0 To 0)
End If
Case Else
ReDim aData(0 To 0, 0 To 0)
aData(0, 0) = ToString(vJSON)
End Select
aHeader = oHeader.Keys()
Set oHeader = Nothing
aRows = aData
Erase aData
End Sub
Private Sub ToArrayElement(vElement As Variant, sFieldName As String)
Dim sName As Variant
Dim j As Long
Select Case VarType(vElement)
Case vbObject ' collection of objects
For Each sName In vElement
ToArrayElement vElement(sName), sFieldName & IIf(sFieldName = "", "", "_") & sName
Next
Case Is >= vbArray ' collection of arrays
For j = 0 To UBound(vElement)
ToArrayElement vElement(j), sFieldName & IIf(sFieldName = "", "", "_") & "#" & j
Next
Case Else
If Not oHeader.Exists(sFieldName) Then
oHeader(sFieldName) = oHeader.Count
If UBound(aData, 2) < oHeader.Count - 1 Then ReDim Preserve aData(0 To UBound(aData, 1), 0 To oHeader.Count - 1)
End If
j = oHeader(sFieldName)
aData(i, j) = ToString(vElement)
End Select
End Sub
将您的JSON以ASCII或Unicode字符集的形式放到与工作簿相同的文件夹中，并将其命名为source.json，然后运行TestModulesDistribution()。处理完毕后，我的示例输出如下：
AA
Customer1
Customer2
Customer3
Customer4
AAC
Customer1
CE
Customer2
Customer3
Customer4
AD
Customer3
Customer4
CL
Customer3
Customer4
您可以按模块名称访问oModules字典项，并获取子字典，每个字典都包含客户名称作为该特定模块名称的键。