如何从数组中删除负副本?

时间:2017-01-24 19:34:43

标签: arrays ruby

如何有效地从正整数和负整数数组中删除正整数的负重复,如下所示: [1,5,10,5--5,-1,9] 结果,我希望: [1,5,10,5,9] (-1和-5被删除,因为它们是1和5的负重复)

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

这是我能找到的最简单的方法:

  • 选择正数
  • 计算相反的数字
  • 从原始数组中删除它们
array = [1, 5, 10, 5, -5, -1, 9]

p array - array.select{ |i| i > 0 }.map{ |i| -i }
# [1, 5, 10, 5, 9]

它使用Array#-,这应该相当快。

答案 1 :(得分:5)

您可以在O(n)中执行此操作,只需两次通过数组,然后对正数进行散列,然后从绝对值为哈希的数组负值中拒绝:

def reject_neg_dups(arr)
  positives = Hash[arr.map {|x| (x>0) ? [x,1] : nil }.compact]
  arr.reject { |x| (x < 0) && positives[-x] }
end

reject_neg_dups([-1, 1, 2, -2]) # => [1, 2]
reject_neg_dups([-1, 1, -2]) # => [1, -2] since 2 does not appear

有趣的是,the Array- solutions比目前列出的其他人快得多:

require 'benchmark'

def reject_neg_dups_hash(arr)
  positives = Hash[arr.map {|x| (x>0) ? [x,1] : nil }.compact]
  arr.reject { |x| (x < 0) && positives[-x] }
end

def reject_neg_dups_include(arr)
  arr.reject { |x| (x < 0) && arr.include?(x.abs) }
end

def reject_neg_dups_arrayminus(arr)
  arr - arr.select { |i| i > 0 }.map { |i| -i }
end

def reject_neg_dups_arrayminusewo(arr)
  arr - arr.each_with_object([]) { |n,b| b << -n if n > 0 }
end

arr = Array.new(1000) { rand(-100..100) }
N = 1000
Benchmark.bm(15) do |x|
  x.report('Array-')    { N.times { reject_neg_dups_arrayminus(arr.dup) } }
  x.report('Array-ewo') { N.times { reject_neg_dups_arrayminusewo(arr.dup) } }
  x.report('hash')      { N.times { reject_neg_dups_hash(arr.dup) } }
  x.report('include?')  { N.times { reject_neg_dups_include(arr.dup) } }
end

示例输出:

                      user     system      total        real
Array-            0.180000   0.000000   0.180000 (  0.187512)
Array-ewo         0.200000   0.000000   0.200000 (  0.194663)
hash              0.250000   0.010000   0.260000 (  0.253355)
include?          3.660000   0.000000   3.660000 (  3.666313)

答案 2 :(得分:4)

您可以使用Array#reject:

轻松完成此操作
>> a = [1, 5, 10, 5, -5, -1, 9]
>> a.reject { |e| e < 0 && a.include?(e.abs) }
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9]

为了澄清另一个例子,这不会删除数组中没有相应正值的负值:

>> b = [1, 5, 10, 5, -5, -1, 9, -15]
>> b.reject { |e| e < 0 && b.include?(e.abs) }
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9, -15]

您可以定义如下方法:

def reject_negative_duplicates(array)
  array.reject { |e| e < 0 && array.include?(e.abs) }
end

>> reject_negative_duplicates(a)
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9]
>> reject_negative_duplicates(b)
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9, -15]

或扩展(猴子补丁)数组:

class Array
  def reject_negative_duplicates
    self.reject { |e| e < 0 && self.include?(e.abs) }
  end
end

>> a.reject_negative_duplicates
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9]
>> b.reject_negative_duplicates
=> [1, 5, 10, 5, 9, -15]

答案 3 :(得分:3)

arr = [1, 5, 10, 0, 5, -5, -1, 9, -4]

arr - arr.each_with_object([]) { |n,b| b << -n if n > 0 }
  #=> [1, 5, 10, 0, 5, 9, -4] 

答案 4 :(得分:0)

在Ruby中,您可以使用uniq方法:https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Array.html#method-i-uniq

否则,您需要检查this one之类的答案,其中包含如何构建迭代数组的结构。