当我在F#中定义递归函数时:
let rec recursiveSum inputs =
let startState = 0.0m
if List.length inputs = 1 then
startState + inputs.Head
else
let t = List.tail inputs
startState + inputs.Head + recursiveSum t
......一切都很好。当我试图避开"空列表"问题因此:
let rec recursiveSum inputs =
let startState = 0.0m
**if List.isEmpty inputs then startState**
if List.length inputs = 1 then
startState + inputs.Head
else
let t = List.tail inputs
startState + inputs.Head + recursiveSum t
......我被大吼:
recursion.fsx(5,9): error FS0001: This expression was expected to have type
unit
but here has type
decimal
我在这里缺少什么?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
来自the docs:
每个分支中生成的值的类型必须匹配。如果没有明确的
else
分支,则其类型为unit
。因此,如果then
分支的类型是除unit
以外的任何类型,则必须有一个具有相同返回类型的else
分支。
你错过了说else
。
let rec recursiveSum inputs =
let startState = 0.0m
if List.isEmpty inputs then 0.0m
elif List.length inputs = 1 then
startState + inputs.Head
else
let t = List.tail inputs
startState + inputs.Head + recursiveSum t
(N.b。我在这里使用elif
而不是嵌套另一个if
表达式;希望这不会太分散注意力。)
那就是说,涉及startState
的逻辑非常可疑;它始终为零,在这里真的没有用处。您的状态应该是参数而不是本地值,因此它可以用作累加器:
let recursiveSum inputs =
let rec impl state inputs =
if List.isEmpty inputs then state
elif List.length inputs = 1 then
state + inputs.Head
else
let t = List.tail inputs
impl (state + inputs.Head) t
impl 0.0m inputs
最后,让我们把它变成惯用语:
let recursiveSum inputs =
let rec impl state inputs =
match inputs with
| [] -> state
| [h] -> state + h
| h::t -> impl (state + h) t
impl 0.0m inputs
可以缩短为
let recursiveSum inputs =
let rec impl state = function
| [] -> state
| h::t -> impl (state + h) t
impl 0.0m inputs
答案 1 :(得分:2)
随着ildjarns的回答,我想我会建议一个人可以/应该一路走下去......
let rec fold f acc = function
| [] -> acc
| [x] -> f x acc
| h::t -> fold f (f h acc) t
let someDec = [0.1m; 0.2m]
let someStr = ["world"; "Hello "]
someDec
|> fold (+) 0.0m
someStr
|> fold (+) ""
let recursiveSum = fold (+) 0.0m
someDec
|> recursiveSum
let recursiveStrAdd = fold (+) ""
someStr
|> recursiveStrAdd
someDec
|> recursiveSum
(我永远不会记得左边或右边,所以...; - )