Question

我有一个包含以下内容的测试文件。

[groups]

test_read =  apple,orange
write = grapes,mango
[TEST:/]
@test_read= apple,orange
@write= grapes,mango

我需要在[TEST：/]

之上的分组部分下的所有字段中添加单词raspberry

预期输出

[groups]

    test_read =  apple,orange,raspberry
    write = grapes,mango,raspberry
    [TEST:/]
    @test_read= apple,orange
    @write= grapes,mango

我试过这个衬垫

awk 'NF > 1 {$NF = $NF ",raspberry"} 1' test

但是它在所有领域都添加了覆盆子。

Answer 1

$ awk '/\[/{f=/groups/} f{if (NF) $0=$0",raspberry"} 1' file
[groups],raspberry

test_read =  apple,orange,raspberry
write = grapes,mango,raspberry
[TEST:/]
@test_read= apple,orange
@write= grapes,mango

Answer 2

您可以使用此sed命令：

sed '1,/\[TEST:\/\]/{/=/s/$/,raspberry/;}' file

[groups]

test_read =  apple,orange,raspberry
write = grapes,mango,raspberry
[TEST:/]
@test_read= apple,orange
@write= grapes,mango

要保存更改内联使用：

sed -i.bak '1,/^[ \t]*\[TEST:\/\]/{/=/s/$/,raspberry/;}' file

工作原理：

1,/^[ \t]*\[TEST:\/\]/  # search between 1st line and the line where [TEST:/] is found
{
   /=/                  # only act on line where = is found (fields)
   s/$/,raspberry/;     # replace end of line with ,raspberry 
}

Answer 3

awk '/\[groups/{a=1;print;next} /^\[/{a=0}a && /=/{$0=$0",raspberry"}7' file

无论groups块位于何处，此行都可以使用。（例如，在TEST区块之上或之下）。

Answer 4

您可以在match

中使用gawk

awk 'f && /=/{$0=$0 ",raspberry"}
     match($0, /^\[([^\]]*)\]$/, a){f=(a[1]=="groups")}1' file

你明白了，

[groups]

test_read =  apple,orange,raspberry
write = grapes,mango,raspberry
[TEST:/]
@test_read= apple,orange
@write= grapes,mango

bash脚本在逗号后附加数据

4 个答案: