C#在图像中获得主色

时间:2017-01-21 22:45:49

标签: c# image-processing ffmpeg

我正在构建一个从视频制作屏幕截图的程序。 它从视频中提取帧(使用ffmpeg),然后将它们组合成一个文件。

一切正常,但有时我得到(几乎)黑色图像,大部分是在视频的开头和结尾。

我能想到的一个可能的解决方案是检测提取的帧是否暗。如果天黑,则从稍微不同的时间提取另一帧。

如何检测提取的帧是暗/黑?还是有其他方法可以解决这个问题吗?

private void getScreenshots_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    int index = 0;
    foreach (string value in this.filesList.Items)
    {
        string file = selectedFiles[index] + "\\" + value;

        // ------------------------------------------------
        //   MediaInfo
        // ------------------------------------------------
        // https://github.com/Nicholi/MediaInfoDotNet
        //
        // get file width, height, and frame count
        //
        // get aspect ratio of the video
        // and calculate height of thumbnail 
        // using width and aspect ratio
        //
        MediaInfo MI = new MediaInfo();
        MI.Open(file);
        var width = MI.Get(StreamKind.Video, 0, "Width");
        var height = MI.Get(StreamKind.Video, 0, "Height");
        decimal d = Decimal.Parse(MI.Get(StreamKind.Video, 0, "Duration"));
        decimal frameCount = Decimal.Parse(MI.Get(StreamKind.Video, 0, "FrameCount"));
        MI.Close();
        decimal ratio = Decimal.Divide(Decimal.Parse(width), Decimal.Parse(height));
        int newHeight = Decimal.ToInt32(Decimal.Divide(newWidth, ratio));
        decimal startTime = Decimal.Divide(d, totalImages);
        //totalImages - number of thumbnails the final image will have
        for (int x = 0; x < totalImages; x++)
        {
            // increase the time where the thumbnail is taken on each iteration
            decimal newTime = Decimal.Multiply(startTime, x);
            string time = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(double.Parse(newTime.ToString())).ToString(@"hh\:mm\:ss");

            string outputFile = this.tmpPath + "img-" + index + x + ".jpg";

            // create individual thumbnails with ffmpeg
            proc = new Process();
            proc.StartInfo.FileName = "ffmpeg.exe";
            proc.StartInfo.Arguments = "-y -seek_timestamp 1 -ss " + time + " -i \"" + file + "\" -frames:v 1 -qscale:v 3 \"" + outputFile + "\"";
            proc.Start();
            proc.WaitForExit();
        }

        // set width and height of final image
        int w = (this.cols * newWidth) + (this.spacing * this.cols + this.spacing);
        int h = (this.rows * newHeight) + (this.spacing * this.rows + this.spacing);

        int left, top, i = 0;
        // combine individual thumbnails into one image
        using (Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(w, h))
        {
            using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp))
            {
                g.Clear(this.backgroundColor);
                // this.rows - number of rows
                for (int y = 0; y < this.rows; y++)
                {
                    // put images on a column
                    // this.cols - number of columns
                    // when x = number of columns go to next row
                    for (int x = 0; x < this.cols; x++)
                    {
                        Image imgFromFile = Image.FromFile(this.tmpPath + "img-" + index + i + ".jpg");
                        MemoryStream imgFromStream = new MemoryStream();
                        imgFromFile.Save(imgFromStream, imgFromFile.RawFormat);
                        imgFromFile.Dispose();

                        left = (x * newWidth) + ((x + 1) * this.spacing);
                        top = (this.spacing * (y + 1)) + (newHeight * y);
                        g.DrawImage(Image.FromStream(imgFromStream), left, top, newWidth, newHeight);
                        i++;
                    }
                }
            }

            // save the final image
            bmp.Save(selectedFiles[index] + "\\" + value + ".jpg");
        }
        index++;
    }
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您需要分析各个帧。循环遍历每个帧/图像的像素并计算整体亮度。

这实际上是在SO post中概述的,用于确定图像的整体亮度。您可以根据自己的需要应用相同的想法。

根据您希望如何实现这一点,可能会相当繁重。如果需要即时完成,您很可能希望将帧分析缩小到较小的部分而不是整个图像。但是,如果您将此作为更多的后处理技术,那么它可能无关紧要。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

感谢gmiley我设法解决了我的问题(希望如此)。

以下是:

  1. 我在课程中加入了function linked by gmiley
  2. 我添加了一个获取图像并将其转换为位图的函数,找到了here
  3. 我将创建缩略图的代码移动到了自己的函数

    private void ffmpegGetThumb(string input, string output, double time, int getNewFrame = 0)
    {
        // create individual thumbnails with ffmpeg
        string timeString = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(time).ToString(@"hh\:mm\:ss");
        proc = new Process();
        proc.StartInfo.FileName = "ffmpeg.exe";
        proc.StartInfo.Arguments = "-y -seek_timestamp 1 -ss " + timeString + " -i \"" + input + "\" -frames:v 1 -qscale:v 3 \"" + output + "\"";
        proc.Start();
        proc.WaitForExit();
    }
    
  4. 我创建了一个功能,可以将缩略图转换为位图,检查其亮度并调整缩略图的拍摄时间(如果需要)

    private void brightThumb(string input, string output, double time, int getNewFrame, bool goBack)
    {
        //get initial thumbnail
        this.ffmpegGetThumb(input, output, time);
        Bitmap frame = this.ConvertToBitmap(output);
        double brightness = CalculateAverageLightness(frame);
        double newTime = time;
    
        if (CalculateAverageLightness(frame) < 0.1)
        {
            // brightness is to low
            // get a new thumbnail by increasing the time at which it's taken
            if (getNewFrame == 1 && goBack == false)
            {
                newTime = time + 1000;
            }
            // if goBack is true (the time is beyond 75% of the total duration)
            // we decrease the time (if curent time is at credits no point going forward)
            else if (getNewFrame == 1 && goBack == true)
            {
                newTime = time - 1000;
            }
            // take a new thumbnail at the adujted time
            this.brightThumb(input, output, newTime, 1, goBack);
        }
    }
    
  5. 调用函数,其中用于创建拇指的代码位于getScreenshots_Click()

    bool goBack = false;
    if (x > (totalImages/4) * 3)
    {
        goBack = true;
    }
    this.brightThumb(file, outputFile, time, 0, goBack);
    
  6. 性能方面我认为与执行此检查之前相比,执行时间没有大的变化。如果它发现很多黑暗的图像,那么它将重新拍摄它们,这显然会增加执行时间。

    我能想到一个问题。如果视频以黑暗场景结束,其长度足以包含2个缩略图。在这种情况下,缩略图将是相同的,因为它将返回一秒,直到它找到足够明亮的图像。