Question

我正在编写一个shell脚本来组织文件。截至目前，它不支持大量类型，只是足以测试它。工作流程如下：

为某类商品制作文件夹
使用通配符移动所有项目
删除所有空文件夹

对其他类型的文件重复此操作。

截至目前，如果目录中没有任何内容存储，则目录删除部分可以正常工作。因此，如果我运行脚本并且没有任何内容被移动到文件夹，它将在第一次运行期间被删除。但是，如果创建了文件夹并将项目移动到该文件夹，如果我手动删除这些项目（使文件夹为空）并再次运行该脚本，则不会删除这些目录。

任何人都有任何想法是什么导致这个？我声称对shell脚本知之甚少，甚至在SO上获得了检查空目录的语法。

#!/bin/bash

# Add support for other files and formats
# Figure out how to move all rest of files to MISC without moving the script
# Figure out why folders are deleted, unless they have an item stored at some point
# Figure out how to copy files from existing folders out and make them empty
# so they can be sorted, and they will be deleted in the end

########################################## AUDIO ##########################################

# Make folders for audio
mkdir Audio
mkdir Audio/AIFF
mkdir Audio/FLAC
mkdir Audio/MP3
mkdir Audio/WAVE

# Move all audio files to audio folder
mv *.aiff Audio/AIFF
mv *.flac Audio/FLAC
mv *.mp3 Audio/MP3
mv *.wav Audio/WAVE

# Delete any empty folders related to audio folder - delete parent folder last
# Because it will only ever be empty at the end of deleting all other subfolders
if [ "$(ls Audio/AIFF 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Audio/AIFF
fi

if [ "$(ls Audio/FLAC 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Audio/FLAC
fi

if [ "$(ls Audio/MP3 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Audio/MP3
fi

if [ "$(ls Audio/WAVE 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Audio/WAVE
fi

if [ "$(ls Audio 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Audio
fi

########################################## DOCUMENTS ##########################################

# Make folders for documents
mkdir Documents
mkdir Documents/DOC
mkdir Documents/DOCX
mkdir Documents/HTML
mkdir Documents/RTF
mkdir Documents/TXT

# Move all docs to documents folder
mv *.doc Documents/DOC
mv *.docx Documents/DOCX
mv *.html Documents/HTML
mv *.rtf Documents/RTF
mv *.txt Documents/TXT

# Delete any empty folders related to documents folder - delete parent folder last
# Because it will only ever be empty at the end of deleting all other subfolders
if [ "$(ls Documents/DOC 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents/DOC
fi

if [ "$(ls Documents/DOCX 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents/DOCX
fi

if [ "$(ls Documents/HTML 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents/HTML
fi

if [ "$(ls Documents/RTF 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents/RTF
fi

if [ "$(ls Documents/TXT 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents/TXT
fi

if [ "$(ls Documents 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Documents
fi

########################################## IMAGES ##########################################

# Make folders for images
mkdir Images
mkdir Images/GIF
mkdir Images/JPEG
mkdir Images/JPG
mkdir Images/PNG

# Move all Images to folder - Split up files into specific file extension folders?
mv *.gif Images/GIF
mv *.jpeg Images/JPEG
mv *.jpg Images/JPG
mv *.png Images/PNG

# Delete any empty folders related to images folder - delete parent folder last
# Because it will only ever be empty at the end of deleting all other subfolders
if [ "$(ls Images/GIF 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Images/GIF
fi

if [ "$(ls Images/JPEG 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Images/JPEG
fi

if [ "$(ls Images/JPG 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Images/JPG
fi

if [ "$(ls Images/PNG 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Images/PNG
fi

if [ "$(ls Images 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Images
fi

########################################## VIDEOS ##########################################

# Make folders for videos
mkdir Videos
mkdir Videos/AVI
mkdir Videos/FLV
mkdir Videos/MP4
mkdir Videos/MPEG
mkdir Videos/MOV
mkdir Videos/WMV

# Move all videos to folder - Split up files into specific file extension folders?
mv *.avi Videos/AVI
mv *.flv Videos/FLV
mv *.mp4 Videos/MP4
mv *.mpeg Videos/MPEG
mv *.mov Videos/MOV
mv *.wmv Videos/WMV

# Delete any empty folders related to images folder - delete parent folder last
# Because it will only ever be empty at the end of deleting all other subfolders
if [ "$(ls Videos/AVI 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/AVI
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos/FLV 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/FLV
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos/MP4 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/MP4
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos/MPEG 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/MPEG
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos/MOV 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/MOV
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos/WMV 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos/WMV
fi

if [ "$(ls Videos 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Videos
fi

########################################## ZIP ##########################################

# Make folder for zip
mkdir Zip

# Move all zip files to folder
mv *.zip Zip

# Delete zip folder
if [ "$(ls Zip 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Zip
fi

########################################## MISCELLANEOUS ##########################################

# Make folder for Miscellaneous
mkdir Miscellaneous

# Delete Miscellaneous folder
if [ "$(ls Miscellaneous 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
    rmdir Miscellaneous
fi

# Move rest of items to Miscellaneous Folder
#mv *.* Miscellaneous

Answer 1

您可以取消保护rmdir的条件，因为它不会删除非空的目录。但是，它将返回非零退出代码，并生成标准错误消息。

你能做什么：

rmdir "$directory_that_may_be_empty_or_not" 2>/dev/null || :

|| :“吃掉”来自rmdir的任何非零返回码（根据您处理或忽略错误的方式可能会或可能不会重要）。

换句话说，让您的脚本尝试删除所有目录，如果它们不为空，则忽略失败（或者，如果由于任何其他原因（例如访问权限）导致删除失败）。

如果这不能解决您的问题，那么您的目录可能不是空的。它们可能包含隐藏文件（以.句号开头），除非您添加ls选项，否则-a不会列出这些文件。但是不要在代码中添加-a，因为它还指示ls列出.（当前目录）和..（父目录）特殊文件，并且会导致您当前的代码永远不会尝试删除。

作为补充说明，||是一个逻辑运算符，允许两个语句“ORed”。 Bash使用延迟评估，因此只有左侧的语句失败才会执行右边的语句（成功意味着返回代码= 0，失败=任何其他代码）。 :是一个不带参数的shell内置函数，除了提供零返回代码（如true命令）之外什么都不做。在这种情况下，它保证整个构造的状态为0。

Shell脚本在某些情况下不删除空目录

1 个答案: