Question

我正在尝试在我的用户模型上使用Devise，但是当我进入rails控制台并尝试User.new时，我只能得到：

irb(main):002:0> User.new
=> #<User id: nil, first_name: nil, last_name: nil, email: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

为什么设计列没有出现？

CreateUsers迁移：

class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :users do |t|
      t.string :first_name
      t.string :last_name
      t.string :email


      t.timestamps null: false
    end
  end
end

AddDeviseToUsers迁移：

class AddDeviseToUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def self.up
    change_table :users do |t|
      ## Database authenticatable
      t.string :email,              null: false, default: ""
      t.string :encrypted_password, null: false, default: ""

      ## Recoverable
      t.string   :reset_password_token
      t.datetime :reset_password_sent_at

      ## Rememberable
      t.datetime :remember_created_at

      ## Trackable
      t.integer  :sign_in_count, default: 0, null: false
      t.datetime :current_sign_in_at
      t.datetime :last_sign_in_at
      t.string   :current_sign_in_ip
      t.string   :last_sign_in_ip

      ## Confirmable
      # t.string   :confirmation_token
      # t.datetime :confirmed_at
      # t.datetime :confirmation_sent_at
      # t.string   :unconfirmed_email # Only if using reconfirmable

      ## Lockable
      # t.integer  :failed_attempts, default: 0, null: false # Only if lock strategy is :failed_attempts
      # t.string   :unlock_token # Only if unlock strategy is :email or :both
      # t.datetime :locked_at


      # Uncomment below if timestamps were not included in your original model.
      # t.timestamps null: false
    end

    add_index :users, :email,                unique: true
    add_index :users, :reset_password_token, unique: true
    # add_index :users, :confirmation_token,   unique: true
    # add_index :users, :unlock_token,         unique: true
  end

  def self.down
    # By default, we don't want to make any assumption about how to roll back a migration when your
    # model already existed. Please edit below which fields you would like to remove in this migration.
    raise ActiveRecord::IrreversibleMigration
  end
end

架构显示列在那里：

  create_table "users", force: :cascade do |t|
    t.string   "first_name"
    t.string   "last_name"
    t.datetime "created_at",                          null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at",                          null: false
    t.string   "email",                  default: "", null: false
    t.string   "encrypted_password",     default: "", null: false
    t.string   "reset_password_token"
    t.datetime "reset_password_sent_at"
    t.datetime "remember_created_at"
    t.integer  "sign_in_count",          default: 0,  null: false
    t.datetime "current_sign_in_at"
    t.datetime "last_sign_in_at"
    t.string   "current_sign_in_ip"
    t.string   "last_sign_in_ip"
  end

  add_index "users", ["email"], name: "index_users_on_email", unique: true
  add_index "users", ["reset_password_token"], name: "index_users_on_reset_password_token", unique: true

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

它是Devise的一项安全功能，用于限制其属性及其包含的关键信息，以便向API调用公开。

但是你可以覆盖它，你需要覆盖serializable_hash方法。

# app/models/user.rb

class User < ActiveRecord::Base

   devise :database_authenticatable, :recoverable, :confirmable, :rememberable, :validatable

   ...

   protected

   def serializable_hash(options = nil) 
    super(options).merge(encrypted_password: encrypted_password, reset_password_token: reset_password_token) # you can keep adding attributes here that you wish to expose
  end

end

您可以检查http://www.rubydoc.info/github/plataformatec/devise/Devise/Models/Authenticatable将常量声明为黑名单属性

BLACKLIST_FOR_SERIALIZATION =[:encrypted_password, :reset_password_token, :reset_password_sent_at, :remember_created_at, :sign_in_count, :current_sign_in_at, :last_sign_in_at, :current_sign_in_ip, :last_sign_in_ip, :password_salt, :confirmation_token, :confirmed_at, :confirmation_sent_at, :remember_token, :unconfirmed_email, :failed_attempts, :unlock_token, :locked_at]

希望这能回答你的问题！

Answer 2

Devise覆盖了inspect方法，以不公开内部服装。您可以尝试：

User.new.attributes

或

User.new.encrypted_password

（或您想要的任何属性）

您可以检查检查方法here

Answer 3

如果你想要的只是列出Rails控制台中的所有属性，那么使用User.first.serializable_hash(force_except: true)

会更容易

请参阅http://www.rubydoc.info/github/plataformatec/devise/Devise%2FModels%2FAuthenticatable:serializable_hash

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