我一直在使用JShell来测试它,今天我遇到了相当有趣的行为。
jshell> String a = "A"
a ==> "A"
jshell> String b = "A"
b ==> "A"
jshell> a == b
$4 ==> true
jshell> "A" == "A"
$5 ==> true
我首先想知道这是否是Java 9的一个功能,我通过使用Java 9编译和运行该程序来检查它
public class Equus {
public static void main(String... args) {
String a = "A";
String b = "A";
System.out.println("a == b");
System.out.println(a == b);
System.out.println("\"A\" == \"A\"");
System.out.println("A" == "A");
}
}
有趣的是,我得到了
a == b true "A" == "A" true
也是我的输出。这里发生了什么?为什么a
和b
彼此相等,为什么"A" == "A"
为真?
答案 0 :(得分:10)
为什么不应该?此行为也在以前的Java版本中展示 - 字符串文字被实现。
如您所知,==
检查引用相等性 - 两个变量具有相同的内存地址。当一个String被实现时,该字符串的所有引用都指向实习池,因此使用==
将相等。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我只想将此演示与Sinkingpoint的精彩答案一起添加
在字符串上使用==
是不安全的,除非您知道每个字符串的来源,因为以某种方式构建的字符串(例如Eli中的new String("A")
注释或此处使用的.toString()
不是相同的引用,即使两者确实使用相同的基础字符数组。
class Main
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String oneA = "A";
String twoA = "A";
String three = new StringBuilder().append('A').toString();
// We expect constant literals to be ==
System.out.print("A == A -> ");
System.out.println("A" == "A");
// Variables assigned the same literal are also ==
System.out.print("oneA == twoA -> ");
System.out.println(oneA == twoA);
// but a built-up String var is not == to the "literal" var.
System.out.print("oneA == three -> ");
System.out.println(oneA == three);
// If we intern() them they are again ==
System.out.print("oneA.intern() == three.intern() -> ");
System.out.println(oneA.intern() == three.intern());
// and of course, .equals() is always safe.
System.out.print("oneA .equals three -> ");
System.out.println(oneA.equals(three));
}
}
此输出(在https://repl.it/languages/java上运行)是:
A == A -> true
oneA == twoA -> true
oneA == three -> false
oneA.intern() == three.intern() -> true
oneA .equals three -> true
您可以安全地使用string1.equals(string2)
或string1.intern() == string2.intern()