请考虑以下事项：
function d { e }
function e { throw 'exception in e' }
function f { { g }.InvokeWithContext(@{},$null) }
function g { throw 'exception in g' }
Describe 'stack trace' {
It 'normal' { d }
It '.InvokeWithContext()' { f }
}
Pester通常在显示堆栈跟踪方面做得非常出色。但是，在第二个测试用例中，堆栈跟踪以.InvokeWithContext()而不是throw 'exception in g'开头：
Describing stack trace
[-] normal 61ms
RuntimeException: exception in e
at e, <No file>: line 2
at d, <No file>: line 1
at <ScriptBlock>, <No file>: line 7
[-] .InvokeWithContext() 85ms
RuntimeException: exception in g
RuntimeException: exception in g
MethodInvocationException: Exception calling "InvokeWithContext"
with "2" argument(s): "exception in g"
at f, <No file>: line 3
at <ScriptBlock>, <No file>: line 8
throw 'exception in g'是异常真正起源的地方，但堆栈跟踪中缺少该异常。我已经发现了异常，并在Pester得到它之前对其进行了检查，但我自己无法在异常对象中找到丢失的堆栈跟踪位。
.InvokeWithContext()抛出的异常的堆栈跟踪？InvokeWithContext()类似的函数和变量的上下文中调用脚本块？答案 0 :(得分：0)
有一个自动变量 $ StackTrace （更具体到内部PS细节而不是实际）。没那么有用。
有一个 Get-PSCallStack 但是一旦你遇到异常就会关闭。
您可以在脚本中的每次抛出之前放置 Get-PSCallStack 。 这样，您可以在遇到异常之前立即获得堆栈跟踪。
除此之外：我之前已经从StackOverflow中获取了一个函数。
Function Resolve-Error
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Enumerate error record details.
.DESCRIPTION
Enumerate an error record, or a collection of error record, properties. By default, the details
for the last error will be enumerated.
.PARAMETER ErrorRecord
The error record to resolve. The default error record is the lastest one: $global:Error[0].
This parameter will also accept an array of error records.
.PARAMETER Property
The list of properties to display from the error record. Use "*" to display all properties.
Default list of error properties is: Message, FullyQualifiedErrorId, ScriptStackTrace, PositionMessage, InnerException
Below is a list of all of the possible available properties on the error record:
Error Record: Error Invocation: Error Exception: Error Inner Exception(s):
$_ $_.InvocationInfo $_.Exception $_.Exception.InnerException
------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------------------
writeErrorStream MyCommand ErrorRecord Data
PSMessageDetails BoundParameters ItemName HelpLink
Exception UnboundArguments SessionStateCategory HResult
TargetObject ScriptLineNumber StackTrace InnerException
CategoryInfo OffsetInLine WasThrownFromThrowStatement Message
FullyQualifiedErrorId HistoryId Message Source
ErrorDetails ScriptName Data StackTrace
InvocationInfo Line InnerException TargetSite
ScriptStackTrace PositionMessage TargetSite
PipelineIterationInfo PSScriptRoot HelpLink
PSCommandPath Source
InvocationName HResult
PipelineLength
PipelinePosition
ExpectingInput
CommandOrigin
DisplayScriptPosition
.PARAMETER GetErrorRecord
Get error record details as represented by $_
Default is to display details. To skip details, specify -GetErrorRecord:$false
.PARAMETER GetErrorInvocation
Get error record invocation information as represented by $_.InvocationInfo
Default is to display details. To skip details, specify -GetErrorInvocation:$false
.PARAMETER GetErrorException
Get error record exception details as represented by $_.Exception
Default is to display details. To skip details, specify -GetErrorException:$false
.PARAMETER GetErrorInnerException
Get error record inner exception details as represented by $_.Exception.InnerException.
Will retrieve all inner exceptions if there is more then one.
Default is to display details. To skip details, specify -GetErrorInnerException:$false
.EXAMPLE
Resolve-Error
Get the default error details for the last error
.EXAMPLE
Resolve-Error -ErrorRecord $global:Error[0,1]
Get the default error details for the last two errors
.EXAMPLE
Resolve-Error -Property *
Get all of the error details for the last error
.EXAMPLE
Resolve-Error -Property InnerException
Get the "InnerException" for the last error
.EXAMPLE
Resolve-Error -GetErrorInvocation:$false
Get the default error details for the last error but exclude the error invocation information
.NOTES
.LINK
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[array]$ErrorRecord,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=1)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[string[]]$Property = ('Message','InnerException','FullyQualifiedErrorId','ScriptStackTrace','PositionMessage'),
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=2)]
[switch]$GetErrorRecord = $true,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=3)]
[switch]$GetErrorInvocation = $true,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=4)]
[switch]$GetErrorException = $true,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false, Position=5)]
[switch]$GetErrorInnerException = $true
)
Begin
{
## If function was called without specifying an error record, then choose the latest error that occured
If (-not $ErrorRecord)
{
If ($global:Error.Count -eq 0)
{
# The `$Error collection is empty
Return
}
Else
{
[array]$ErrorRecord = $global:Error[0]
}
}
## Define script block for selecting and filtering the properties on the error object
[scriptblock]$SelectProperty = {
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
$InputObject,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[string[]]$Property
)
[string[]]$ObjectProperty = $InputObject | Get-Member -MemberType *Property | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
ForEach ($Prop in $Property)
{
If ($Prop -eq '*')
{
[string[]]$PropertySelection = $ObjectProperty
Break
}
ElseIf ($ObjectProperty -contains $Prop)
{
[string[]]$PropertySelection += $Prop
}
}
Write-Output $PropertySelection
}
# Initialize variables to avoid error if 'Set-StrictMode' is set
$LogErrorRecordMsg = $null
$LogErrorInvocationMsg = $null
$LogErrorExceptionMsg = $null
$LogErrorMessageTmp = $null
$LogInnerMessage = $null
}
Process
{
ForEach ($ErrRecord in $ErrorRecord)
{
## Capture Error Record
If ($GetErrorRecord)
{
[string[]]$SelectedProperties = &$SelectProperty -InputObject $ErrRecord -Property $Property
$LogErrorRecordMsg = $ErrRecord | Select-Object -Property $SelectedProperties
}
## Error Invocation Information
If ($GetErrorInvocation)
{
If ($ErrRecord.InvocationInfo)
{
[string[]]$SelectedProperties = &$SelectProperty -InputObject $ErrRecord.InvocationInfo -Property $Property
$LogErrorInvocationMsg = $ErrRecord.InvocationInfo | Select-Object -Property $SelectedProperties
}
}
## Capture Error Exception
If ($GetErrorException)
{
If ($ErrRecord.Exception)
{
[string[]]$SelectedProperties = &$SelectProperty -InputObject $ErrRecord.Exception -Property $Property
$LogErrorExceptionMsg = $ErrRecord.Exception | Select-Object -Property $SelectedProperties
}
}
## Display properties in the correct order
If ($Property -eq '*')
{
# If all properties were chosen for display, then arrange them in the order
# the error object displays them by default.
If ($LogErrorRecordMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorRecordMsg }
If ($LogErrorInvocationMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorInvocationMsg}
If ($LogErrorExceptionMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorExceptionMsg }
}
Else
{
# Display selected properties in our custom order
If ($LogErrorExceptionMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorExceptionMsg }
If ($LogErrorRecordMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorRecordMsg }
If ($LogErrorInvocationMsg) {[array]$LogErrorMessageTmp += $LogErrorInvocationMsg}
}
If ($LogErrorMessageTmp)
{
$LogErrorMessage = 'Error Record:'
$LogErrorMessage += "`n-------------"
$LogErrorMsg = $LogErrorMessageTmp | Format-List | Out-String
$LogErrorMessage += $LogErrorMsg
}
## Capture Error Inner Exception(s)
If ($GetErrorInnerException)
{
If ($ErrRecord.Exception -and $ErrRecord.Exception.InnerException)
{
$LogInnerMessage = 'Error Inner Exception(s):'
$LogInnerMessage += "`n-------------------------"
$ErrorInnerException = $ErrRecord.Exception.InnerException
$Count = 0
While ($ErrorInnerException)
{
$InnerExceptionSeperator = '~' * 40
[string[]]$SelectedProperties = &$SelectProperty -InputObject $ErrorInnerException -Property $Property
$LogErrorInnerExceptionMsg = $ErrorInnerException | Select-Object -Property $SelectedProperties | Format-List | Out-String
If ($Count -gt 0)
{
$LogInnerMessage += $InnerExceptionSeperator
}
$LogInnerMessage += $LogErrorInnerExceptionMsg
$Count++
$ErrorInnerException = $ErrorInnerException.InnerException
}
}
}
If ($LogErrorMessage) { $Output += $LogErrorMessage }
If ($LogInnerMessage) { $Output += $LogInnerMessage }
Write-Output $Output
If (Test-Path -Path 'variable:Output' ) { Clear-Variable -Name Output }
If (Test-Path -Path 'variable:LogErrorMessage' ) { Clear-Variable -Name LogErrorMessage }
If (Test-Path -Path 'variable:LogInnerMessage' ) { Clear-Variable -Name LogInnerMessage }
If (Test-Path -Path 'variable:LogErrorMessageTmp') { Clear-Variable -Name LogErrorMessageTmp }
}
}
End {}
}
<强>用法：
"Failed : `n$(Resolve-Error)"
这是原始源代码链接：Github Link
希望它有所帮助。