for循环基于动态列表python

时间:2017-01-19 11:14:52

标签: python for-loop conditional

修改 程序的期望行为是找到具有增加趋势的数字序列,因此我想从ks列表生成如下列表: desiredList=[[97,122],[98,111],[98,101,103,103,104]]

我有以下内容,我的目标是根据列表的长度运行for循环,在for循环内部更改列表长度。 Python仅考虑for循环之前的长度,当循环中更改列表的长度时,它仍然在循环之前采用较旧的值。这是代码:

ks=[97,122,111,98,111,98,101,103,103,104,97]
splitLine=2
counter=[]
for i in range(0,len(ks)):
   a=ks[i:splitLine]
   while len(a)>1:
        for j in range(0,len(a)):
            m=j
            n=j+1
            if(a[m]-a[n]<=0):
                c=c+1
                k=splitLine+c-1
                a.append(ks[k]) #When append happens, the for loop still takes the older value of len(a) instead of new value
            else:
                a.pop(-1)
                counter.append(a)
                splitLine=splitLine+1
                a=[]
                break

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您的实现可能会为它正在尝试解决的问题嵌套太多循环。

第一个实现包含错误。请参阅下面的修补程序。

尝试沿着这些方向做点什么:

l = [97,122,111,98,111,98,101,103,103,104,97]
out = []
acc = []
for v in l:
    if len(acc)==0 or v >= acc[-1]:
        acc.append(v)
    else:
        if len(acc) > 1:
            out.append(acc)
        acc = [v]

print(out)
>>>[[97, 122], [98, 111], [98, 101, 103, 103, 104]]

以前的代码很慢,可以删除最后找到的片段。我在运行随机测试时发现错误,尝试优化版本。以下代码显示了带有更正的原始代码和优化版本,可以快30%。

def original(l):
    out = []
    acc = []
    added = False
    for v in l:
        if len(acc)==0 or v >= acc[-1]:
            acc.append(v)
        else:
            added = False
            acc = [v]

        if acc is not None and len(acc)>1 and not added:
            added = True
            out.append(acc)
    return out


def optimized(l):
    out = []

    acc = None
    tmp = None
    deb_v = False
    for v in l:
        prev =  acc[-1] if (acc is not None and len(acc)) else tmp
        if prev is not None and v >= prev:
            if tmp is not None:
                acc = []
                acc.append(tmp)
                out.append(acc)
                tmp = None
            acc.append(v)
        else:
            acc = None
            tmp = v
    return out


# The original test data
l = [97,122,111,98,111,98,101,103,103,104,97]
assert original(l) == optimized(l) == [[97,122],[98,111],[98,101,103,103,104]]

# A list that triggered last-fragment-dropped error
l = [57, 16, 6, 19, 40, 3, 4, 13, 2, 70, 85, 65, 32, 69, 54, 51, 95, 74, 92, 46, 45, 26, 0, 61, 99, 43, 67, 71, 97, 10, 18, 73, 88, 47, 33, 82, 25, 75, 93, 80, 23, 37, 87, 90, 49, 15, 35, 63, 17, 64, 5, 72, 89, 21, 50, 8, 41, 86, 31, 78, 52, 76, 56, 42, 77, 36, 11, 60, 39, 22, 68, 27, 24, 28, 59, 96, 29, 38, 12, 79, 53, 9, 83, 94, 34, 14, 7, 48, 30, 20, 66, 62, 91, 58, 81, 1, 98, 44, 55, 84]
assert original(l) == optimized(l)

# Random testing
import random
l = list(range(100))
random.shuffle(l)
assert original(l) == optimized(l)

# Timing!
import timeit

print(timeit.timeit("original(l)", globals={"l":l, "original": original}))
# 43.95869998800117

print(timeit.timeit("optimized(l)", globals={"l":l, "optimized": optimized}))
# 34.82134292599949

答案 1 :(得分:0)

针对循环问题的快速解决方法是将for循环替换为while循环。改变这个:

for j in range(0,len(a)):
    # <loop contents>

到此:

j = 0
while j < len(a):
    # <loop contents>
    j += 1

for循环从j中获取range的值(Python 2中的list和Python 3中的生成器对象)。第一次运行range循环时计算此for;无论你对a做了什么,它都不会在那之后更新。

while循环可以在这种情况下为您提供更多控制,因为您可以指定退出循环的条件。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

正如Moinuddin所说,问题的根源对我们来说并不清楚。但是,下面的代码显示了如何在长度发生变化时继续迭代列表:

def iterate_for_static_list_length(l):
    for i in range(len(l)):
        yield i
        l.append(object())


def iterate_for_dynamic_list_length(l):
    for i, _ in enumerate(l):
        yield i
        l.append(object())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    l = [object()] * 3

    print('Static implementation')
    for value in iterate_for_static_list_length(l):
        input(value)

    print('\nDynamic implementation')
    for value in iterate_for_dynamic_list_length(l):
        input(value)

<强>输出

Static implementation
0
1
2

Dynamic implementation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

这个程序将永远持续下去。在你的代码中,我可以看到你有条件地追加到循环中的列表,所以它似乎应该最终终止。