我是RoR的初学者，我遇到错误当我在rails中运行 rspec 时，我收到此错误消息：
您已经激活了json 2.0.2，但您的Gemfile需要json 1.8.6。将bundle exec添加到您的命令可能会解决此问题。 （GEM :: LoadError）
我尝试通过“捆绑更新json ”更新json gem，但仍然收到相同的错误消息。
有人可以帮我解决这个问题。 我正在使用： - Ruby 2.3.0 - Rails 4.2.7.1 - 宝石版2.5.1 谢谢！
这是我的Gemfile内容：
source "https://rubygems.org"
ruby "2.3.0"
gem "dhis2", github: 'BLSQ/dhis2'
gem "rails", "4.2.7.1"
gem "awesome_print", "1.6.1"
gem "pg", "0.18.4"
gem "sass-rails", "5.0.6"
gem "uglifier", "3.0.0"
gem "coffee-rails", "4.1.0"
gem "therubyracer", "0.12.2"
gem "jquery-rails", "4.1.1"
gem "translation", "1.6"
gem "slim", "3.0.6"
gem "bootstrap-sass", "3.3.6"
gem "rails_admin", "0.8.1"
gem "devise", "4.0.0"
gem "simple_form", "3.2.1"
gem "rest-client", "2.0.0"
gem "figaro", "1.1.1"
gem "sidekiq", "4.1.1"
gem "unicorn", "5.1.0"
gem "sentry-raven", "0.15.6"
gem "sinatra", require: nil
gem "will_paginate", "3.1.0"
gem "will_paginate-bootstrap", "1.0.1"
gem "rubyzip", "~> 1.1.0"
gem "axlsx", "2.1.0.pre"
gem "axlsx_rails"
gem "jquery-ui-rails"
gem "rails4-autocomplete"
gem "chosen-rails"
group :production do
gem "rails_12factor", "0.0.3"
end
group :development, :test do
gem "derailed"
gem "byebug"
gem "database_cleaner"
gem "factory_girl_rails", " 4.0"
gem "faker"
gem "rspec-its"
gem "rspec-rails", "~> 3.0"
gem "shoulda-matchers", require: false
gem "rails-erd"
gem "mailcatcher"
gem "rest-client-logger"
end
group :development do
gem "annotate"
gem "web-console", "2.0"
gem "spring"
gem 'rack-mini-profiler'
gem 'memory_profiler'
gem 'flamegraph'
gem 'stackprof'
end
group :test do
gem "simplecov", require: false
gem "codeclimate-test-reporter", "~> 1.0.0"
gem "webmock"
gem "rspec-sidekiq", "~> 2.2.0"
end
这是Gemfile.lock：
GIT
revision: d91e3ebecefc3ded8c17d7d786a7de6d42efebfb
specs:
dhis2 (2.2.1)
rest-client
GEM
remote: https://rubygems.org/
specs:
actionmailer (4.2.7.1)
actionpack (= 4.2.7.1)
actionview (= 4.2.7.1)
activejob (= 4.2.7.1)
mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
rails-dom-testing (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.5)
actionpack (4.2.7.1)
actionview (= 4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
rack (~> 1.6)
rack-test (~> 0.6.2)
rails-dom-testing (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.5)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
actionview (4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
builder (~> 3.1)
erubis (~> 2.7.0)
rails-dom-testing (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.5)
rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
activejob (4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
globalid (>= 0.3.0)
activemodel (4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
builder (~> 3.1)
activerecord (4.2.7.1)
activemodel (= 4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
arel (~> 6.0)
activesupport (4.2.7.1)
i18n (~> 0.7)
json (~> 1.7, >= 1.7.7)
minitest (~> 5.1)
thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.4)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
addressable (2.5.0)
public_suffix (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.2)
annotate (2.7.1)
activerecord (>= 3.2, < 6.0)
rake (>= 10.4, < 12.0)
arel (6.0.4)
autoprefixer-rails (6.6.1)
execjs
awesome_print (1.6.1)
axlsx (2.1.0.pre)
htmlentities (~> 4.3.1)
nokogiri (>= 1.4.1)
rubyzip (~> 1.1.7)
axlsx_rails (0.5.0)
actionpack (>= 3.1)
axlsx (>= 2.0.1)
bcrypt (3.1.11)
benchmark-ips (2.7.2)
binding_of_caller (0.7.2)
debug_inspector (>= 0.0.1)
bootstrap-sass (3.3.6)
autoprefixer-rails (>= 5.2.1)
sass (>= 3.3.4)
builder (3.2.3)
byebug (9.0.6)
choice (0.2.0)
chosen-rails (1.5.2)
coffee-rails (>= 3.2)
railties (>= 3.0)
sass-rails (>= 3.2)
codeclimate-test-reporter (1.0.4)
simplecov
coffee-rails (4.1.0)
coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
railties (>= 4.0.0, < 5.0)
coffee-script (2.4.1)
coffee-script-source
execjs
coffee-script-source (1.12.2)
concurrent-ruby (1.0.4)
connection_pool (2.2.1)
crack (0.4.3)
safe_yaml (~> 1.0.0)
daemons (1.2.4)
database_cleaner (1.5.3)
debug_inspector (0.0.2)
derailed (0.1.0)
derailed_benchmarks
derailed_benchmarks (1.3.2)
benchmark-ips (~> 2)
get_process_mem (~> 0)
heapy (~> 0)
memory_profiler (~> 0)
rack (>= 1)
rake (> 10, < 13)
thor (~> 0.19)
devise (4.0.0)
bcrypt (~> 3.0)
orm_adapter (~> 0.1)
railties (>= 4.1.0, < 5.1)
responders
warden (~> 1.2.3)
diff-lcs (1.2.5)
docile (1.1.5)
domain_name (0.5.20161129)
unf (>= 0.0.5, < 1.0.0)
erubis (2.7.0)
eventmachine (1.0.9.1)
execjs (2.7.0)
factory_girl (4.0.0)
activesupport (>= 3.0.0)
factory_girl_rails (4.0.0)
factory_girl (~> 4.0.0)
railties (>= 3.0.0)
faker (1.7.2)
i18n (~> 0.5)
faraday (0.11.0)
multipart-post (>= 1.2, < 3)
figaro (1.1.1)
thor (~> 0.14)
flamegraph (0.9.5)
font-awesome-rails (4.7.0.1)
railties (>= 3.2, < 5.1)
get_process_mem (0.2.1)
gettext (3.1.7)
locale (>= 2.0.5)
text (>= 1.3.0)
globalid (0.3.7)
activesupport (>= 4.1.0)
haml (4.0.7)
tilt
hashdiff (0.3.2)
heapy (0.1.2)
htmlentities (4.3.4)
http-cookie (1.0.3)
domain_name (~> 0.5)
i18n (0.7.0)
jquery-rails (4.1.1)
rails-dom-testing (>= 1, < 3)
railties (>= 4.2.0)
thor (>= 0.14, < 2.0)
jquery-ui-rails (5.0.5)
railties (>= 3.2.16)
json (1.8.6)
kaminari (0.17.0)
actionpack (>= 3.0.0)
activesupport (>= 3.0.0)
kgio (2.11.0)
libv8 (3.16.14.17)
locale (2.1.2)
loofah (2.0.3)
nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
mail (2.6.4)
mime-types (>= 1.16, < 4)
mailcatcher (0.6.5)
eventmachine (= 1.0.9.1)
mail (~> 2.3)
rack (~> 1.5)
sinatra (~> 1.2)
skinny (~> 0.2.3)
sqlite3 (~> 1.3)
thin (~> 1.5.0)
memory_profiler (0.9.7)
mime-types (3.1)
mime-types-data (~> 3.2015)
mime-types-data (3.2016.0521)
mini_portile2 (2.1.0)
minitest (5.10.1)
multipart-post (2.0.0)
nested_form (0.3.2)
netrc (0.11.0)
nokogiri (1.7.0.1)
mini_portile2 (~> 2.1.0)
orm_adapter (0.5.0)
pg (0.18.4)
public_suffix (2.0.5)
rack (1.6.5)
rack-mini-profiler (0.10.1)
rack (>= 1.2.0)
rack-pjax (0.8.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.5)
rack (~> 1.1)
rack-protection (1.5.3)
rack
rack-test (0.6.3)
rack (>= 1.0)
rails (4.2.7.1)
actionmailer (= 4.2.7.1)
actionpack (= 4.2.7.1)
actionview (= 4.2.7.1)
activejob (= 4.2.7.1)
activemodel (= 4.2.7.1)
activerecord (= 4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
bundler (>= 1.3.0, < 2.0)
railties (= 4.2.7.1)
sprockets-rails
rails-deprecated_sanitizer (1.0.3)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0.alpha)
rails-dom-testing (1.0.8)
activesupport (>= 4.2.0.beta, < 5.0)
nokogiri (~> 1.6)
rails-deprecated_sanitizer (>= 1.0.1)
rails-erd (1.5.0)
activerecord (>= 3.2)
activesupport (>= 3.2)
choice (~> 0.2.0)
ruby-graphviz (~> 1.2)
rails-html-sanitizer (1.0.3)
loofah (~> 2.0)
rails4-autocomplete (1.1.1)
rails (>= 3.0)
rails_12factor (0.0.3)
rails_serve_static_assets
rails_stdout_logging
rails_admin (0.8.1)
builder (~> 3.1)
coffee-rails (~> 4.0)
font-awesome-rails (>= 3.0, < 5)
haml (~> 4.0)
jquery-rails (>= 3.0, < 5)
jquery-ui-rails (~> 5.0)
kaminari (~> 0.14)
nested_form (~> 0.3)
rack-pjax (~> 0.7)
rails (~> 4.0)
remotipart (~> 1.0)
safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
sass-rails (>= 4.0, < 6)
rails_serve_static_assets (0.0.5)
rails_stdout_logging (0.0.5)
railties (4.2.7.1)
actionpack (= 4.2.7.1)
activesupport (= 4.2.7.1)
rake (>= 0.8.7)
thor (>= 0.18.1, < 2.0)
raindrops (0.17.0)
rake (11.3.0)
redis (3.3.2)
ref (2.0.0)
remotipart (1.3.1)
responders (2.3.0)
railties (>= 4.2.0, < 5.1)
rest-client (2.0.0)
http-cookie (>= 1.0.2, < 2.0)
mime-types (>= 1.16, < 4.0)
netrc (~> 0.8)
rest-client-logger (0.0.1)
railties (>= 3.1)
rest-client (>= 1.6)
rspec (3.5.0)
rspec-core (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-expectations (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-mocks (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-core (3.5.4)
rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-expectations (3.5.0)
diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-its (1.2.0)
rspec-core (>= 3.0.0)
rspec-expectations (>= 3.0.0)
rspec-mocks (3.5.0)
diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-rails (3.5.2)
actionpack (>= 3.0)
activesupport (>= 3.0)
railties (>= 3.0)
rspec-core (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-expectations (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-mocks (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
rspec-sidekiq (2.2.0)
rspec (~> 3.0, >= 3.0.0)
sidekiq (>= 2.4.0)
rspec-support (3.5.0)
ruby-graphviz (1.2.2)
rubyzip (1.1.7)
safe_yaml (1.0.4)
sass (3.4.23)
sass-rails (5.0.6)
railties (>= 4.0.0, < 6)
sass (~> 3.1)
sprockets (>= 2.8, < 4.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
tilt (>= 1.1, < 3)
sentry-raven (0.15.6)
faraday (>= 0.7.6)
shoulda-matchers (3.1.1)
activesupport (>= 4.0.0)
sidekiq (4.1.1)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
connection_pool (~> 2.2, >= 2.2.0)
redis (~> 3.2, >= 3.2.1)
simple_form (3.2.1)
actionpack (> 4, < 5.1)
activemodel (> 4, < 5.1)
simplecov (0.12.0)
docile (~> 1.1.0)
json (>= 1.8, < 3)
simplecov-html (~> 0.10.0)
simplecov-html (0.10.0)
sinatra (1.4.7)
rack (~> 1.5)
rack-protection (~> 1.4)
tilt (>= 1.3, < 3)
skinny (0.2.4)
eventmachine (~> 1.0.0)
thin (>= 1.5, < 1.7)
slim (3.0.6)
temple (~> 0.7.3)
tilt (>= 1.3.3, < 2.1)
spring (2.0.0)
activesupport (>= 4.2)
sprockets (3.7.1)
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
rack (> 1, < 3)
sprockets-rails (3.2.0)
actionpack (>= 4.0)
activesupport (>= 4.0)
sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
sqlite3 (1.3.13)
stackprof (0.2.10)
temple (0.7.7)
text (1.3.1)
therubyracer (0.12.2)
libv8 (~> 3.16.14.0)
ref
thin (1.5.1)
daemons (>= 1.0.9)
eventmachine (>= 0.12.6)
rack (>= 1.0.0)
thor (0.19.4)
thread_safe (0.3.5)
tilt (2.0.5)
translation (1.6)
gettext (= 3.1.7)
tzinfo (1.2.2)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
uglifier (3.0.0)
execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
unf (0.1.4)
unf_ext
unf_ext (0.0.7.2)
unicorn (5.1.0)
kgio (~> 2.6)
raindrops (~> 0.7)
warden (1.2.6)
rack (>= 1.0)
web-console (2.0.0)
activemodel (~> 4.0)
binding_of_caller (>= 0.7.2)
railties (~> 4.0)
sprockets-rails (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
webmock (2.3.2)
addressable (>= 2.3.6)
crack (>= 0.3.2)
hashdiff
will_paginate (3.1.0)
will_paginate-bootstrap (1.0.1)
will_paginate (>= 3.0.3)
PLATFORMS
ruby
DEPENDENCIES
annotate
awesome_print (= 1.6.1)
axlsx (= 2.1.0.pre)
axlsx_rails
bootstrap-sass (= 3.3.6)
byebug
chosen-rails
codeclimate-test-reporter (~> 1.0.0)
coffee-rails (= 4.1.0)
database_cleaner
derailed
devise (= 4.0.0)
dhis2!
factory_girl_rails (= 4.0)
faker
figaro (= 1.1.1)
flamegraph
jquery-rails (= 4.1.1)
jquery-ui-rails
mailcatcher
memory_profiler
pg (= 0.18.4)
rack-mini-profiler
rails (= 4.2.7.1)
rails-erd
rails4-autocomplete
rails_12factor (= 0.0.3)
rails_admin (= 0.8.1)
rest-client (= 2.0.0)
rest-client-logger
rspec-its
rspec-rails (~> 3.0)
rspec-sidekiq (~> 2.2.0)
rubyzip (~> 1.1.0)
sass-rails (= 5.0.6)
sentry-raven (= 0.15.6)
shoulda-matchers
sidekiq (= 4.1.1)
simple_form (= 3.2.1)
simplecov
sinatra
slim (= 3.0.6)
spring
stackprof
therubyracer (= 0.12.2)
translation (= 1.6)
uglifier (= 3.0.0)
unicorn (= 5.1.0)
web-console (= 2.0)
webmock
will_paginate (= 3.1.0)
will_paginate-bootstrap (= 1.0.1)
RUBY VERSION
ruby 2.3.0p0
BUNDLED WITH
1.13.7
捆绑安装结果：
Using rake 11.3.0
Using i18n 0.7.0
Using json 1.8.6
Using minitest 5.10.1
Using thread_safe 0.3.5
Using builder 3.2.3
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using mini_portile2 2.1.0
Using rack 1.6.5
Using mime-types-data 3.2016.0521
Using arel 6.0.4
Using public_suffix 2.0.5
Using execjs 2.7.0
Using awesome_print 1.6.1
Using htmlentities 4.3.4
Using rubyzip 1.1.7
Using bcrypt 3.1.11
Using benchmark-ips 2.7.2
Using debug_inspector 0.0.2
Using sass 3.4.23
Using byebug 9.0.6
Using choice 0.2.0
Using coffee-script-source 1.12.2
Using thor 0.19.4
Using concurrent-ruby 1.0.4
Using tilt 2.0.5
Using docile 1.1.5
Using simplecov-html 0.10.0
Using connection_pool 2.2.1
Using safe_yaml 1.0.4
Using daemons 1.2.4
Using database_cleaner 1.5.3
Using get_process_mem 0.2.1
Using heapy 0.1.2
Using memory_profiler 0.9.7
Using orm_adapter 0.5.0
Using unf_ext 0.0.7.2
Using netrc 0.11.0
Using diff-lcs 1.2.5
Using eventmachine 1.0.9.1
Using multipart-post 2.0.0
Using flamegraph 0.9.5
Using locale 2.1.2
Using text 1.3.1
Using hashdiff 0.3.2
Using kgio 2.11.0
Using libv8 3.16.14.17
Using sqlite3 1.3.13
Using nested_form 0.3.2
Using pg 0.18.4
Using bundler 1.13.7
Using ruby-graphviz 1.2.2
Using rails_serve_static_assets 0.0.5
Using rails_stdout_logging 0.0.5
Using remotipart 1.3.1
Using raindrops 0.17.0
Using redis 3.3.2
Using ref 2.0.0
Using rspec-support 3.5.0
Using temple 0.7.7
Using stackprof 0.2.10
Using will_paginate 3.1.0
Using faker 1.7.2
Using tzinfo 1.2.2
Using nokogiri 1.7.0.1
Using rack-test 0.6.3
Using warden 1.2.6
Using rack-protection 1.5.3
Using rack-mini-profiler 0.10.1
Using mime-types 3.1
Using addressable 2.5.0
Using autoprefixer-rails 6.6.1
Using uglifier 3.0.0
Using binding_of_caller 0.7.2
Using coffee-script 2.4.1
Using figaro 1.1.1
Using sprockets 3.7.1
Using haml 4.0.7
Using simplecov 0.12.0
Using crack 0.4.3
Using derailed_benchmarks 1.3.2
Using unf 0.1.4
Using thin 1.5.1
Using faraday 0.11.0
Using gettext 3.1.7
Using rails_12factor 0.0.3
Using unicorn 5.1.0
Using sidekiq 4.1.1
Using therubyracer 0.12.2
Using rspec-core 3.5.4
Using rspec-expectations 3.5.0
Using rspec-mocks 3.5.0
Using slim 3.0.6
Using will_paginate-bootstrap 1.0.1
Using activesupport 4.2.7.1
Using loofah 2.0.3
Using axlsx 2.1.0.pre
Using rack-pjax 0.8.0
Using sinatra 1.4.7
Using mail 2.6.4
Using bootstrap-sass 3.3.6
Using codeclimate-test-reporter 1.0.4
Using webmock 2.3.2
Using derailed 0.1.0
Using domain_name 0.5.20161129
Using skinny 0.2.4
Using sentry-raven 0.15.6
Using translation 1.6
Using rspec-its 1.2.0
Using rspec 3.5.0
Using rails-deprecated_sanitizer 1.0.3
Using globalid 0.3.7
Using activemodel 4.2.7.1
Using factory_girl 4.0.0
Using shoulda-matchers 3.1.1
Using spring 2.0.0
Using rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.3
Using http-cookie 1.0.3
Using mailcatcher 0.6.5
Using rspec-sidekiq 2.2.0
Using rails-dom-testing 1.0.8
Using activejob 4.2.7.1
Using activerecord 4.2.7.1
Using rest-client 2.0.0
Using actionview 4.2.7.1
Using annotate 2.7.1
Using rails-erd 1.5.0
Using dhis2 2.2.1 from git://github.com/BLSQ/dhis2.git (at master@d91e3eb)
Using actionpack 4.2.7.1
Using actionmailer 4.2.7.1
Using axlsx_rails 0.5.0
Using railties 4.2.7.1
Using sprockets-rails 3.2.0
Using kaminari 0.17.0
Using simple_form 3.2.1
Using coffee-rails 4.1.0
Using responders 2.3.0
Using factory_girl_rails 4.0.0
Using font-awesome-rails 4.7.0.1
Using jquery-rails 4.1.1
Using jquery-ui-rails 5.0.5
Using rest-client-logger 0.0.1
Using rspec-rails 3.5.2
Using sass-rails 5.0.6
Using rails 4.2.7.1
Using web-console 2.0.0
Using devise 4.0.0
Using chosen-rails 1.5.2
Using rails4-autocomplete 1.1.1
Using rails_admin 0.8.1
Bundle complete! 52 Gemfile dependencies, 150 gems now installed.
Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
答案 0 :(得分：0)
gemfile所需的版本是json 1.8.6，它比你已经拥有的json 2.0.2旧，你可以试试这个
gem 'json', '1.8.6'
降级到json 1.8.6，可能会有所帮助。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
很可能，Gemfile中包含json gem的行如下所示：
gem 'json', '~> 2.0', '>= 2.0.3'
或类似的东西。这告诉你需要特定版本的json gem，并且gem必须介于版本2.0.3和2.1之间。您获得的错误表明rails期望更早版本的gem。
删除版本指示符，以便Gemfile中的json行如下所示：
gem 'json', '~> 1.8', '>= 1.8.6'
如果这不起作用，那么试试这个：
gem 'json'
修改Gemfile后忘记运行bundle install！