我有关于整数的初始化的问题。
package mytypes is
type gamma_cor_array is array (NATURAL RANGE <>) of integer range 15 downto 0;
end mytypes;
library UNISIM;
use UNISIM.VComponents.all;
use work.mytypes.all;
entity gamma_correction is
GENERIC (DEPH : natural:=4; GAMMA_COR : real:=1.0);
Port ( clk : in STD_LOGIC;
gamma_cor_array_s : out gamma_cor_array(2**DEPH-1 downto 0):= (others => 0));
end gamma_correction;
architecture Behavioral of gamma_correction is
begin
PROCESS (clk) BEGIN
IF rising_edge(clk) THEN
for i in 0 to (2**DEPH - 1) loop
gamma_cor_array_s(i) <= integer(((real(i)/real(2**DEPH - 1))**GAMMA_COR)*real(2**DEPH - 1));
end loop;
end if;
end process;
end Behavioral;
我收到了这些警告:
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:1&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:2&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:2&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:2&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 3:3&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:3&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
警告:Xst:2404 - FFs / Latches&lt; 1:4&gt;&gt; (不 init值)在块中具有常量值0。
在testbench中,我的代码工作正常。 Init值为0,但警告仍然存在。我该怎样摆脱它们?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
为什么gamma_cor_array_s类不变? GAMMA_COR
是DEPH
的类常量,你不需要触发器,编写一个函数来初始化gamma_cor_s使用它并且不使用实体/体系结构对。
在rising_edge(clk)之后,gamma_cor_s的值为(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15)
:
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use work.mytypes.all; -- type gamma_cor_array
entity gam_cor_tb is
end entity;
architecture foo of gam_cor_tb is
signal clk: std_logic := '0';
constant DEPH: natural := 4;
constant GAMMA_COR: real := 1.0;
signal gamma_cor_array_s:
gamma_cor_array (2 ** DEPH - 1 downto 0) ;
begin
CLOCK:
process
begin
wait for 10 ns;
clk <= not clk;
wait for 10 ns;
wait; -- one ping only
end process;
DUT:
entity work.gamma_correction
generic map (
DEPH => DEPH,
GAMMA_COR => GAMMA_COR
)
port map (
clk => clk,
gamma_cor_array_s => gamma_cor_array_s
);
MONITOR:
process (gamma_cor_array_s)
begin
for i in 0 to (2 ** DEPH - 1) loop
report "gamma_cor_array_s(" & integer'image(i) & ") = " &
integer'image(gamma_cor_array_s(i));
end loop;
end process;
end architecture;
结果:
gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(0) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(1)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(2)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(3) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(4)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(5)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(6) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(7)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(8)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(9) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(10)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(11)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(12) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(13)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(14)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(15) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(0)= 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注意):gamma_cor_array_s(1)= 1 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(2) = 2 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(3)= 3 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(4)= 4 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(5) = 5 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(6)= 6 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(7)= 7 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(8) = 8 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(9)= 9 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(10)= 10 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明): gamma_cor_array_s(11)= 11 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(12)= 12 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明): gamma_cor_array_s(13)= 13 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(14)= 14 gamma_corrections.vhdl:75:13:@ 10ns :(报告说明): gamma_cor_array_s(15)= 15
你声明64个触发器,将它们初始化为所有&#39; 0&#39;其中只有30个被改为&#39; 1&#39; - 你没有显示所有警告(这里可以忽略)。使用real类型是不可移植的(实际值是近似值)。
实体gamma_correction的context子句应该是:
library ieee;
ieee.std_logic_1164.all; -- for type std_logic, function rising_edge
use ieee.math_real.all; -- for function "**" [integer, real return real]
use work.mytypes.all; -- for type gamma_cor_array
不需要对unisim的引用。
用于初始化常量而不是使用在单独的实体和体系结构中生成的信号:
architecture fum of gam_cor_tb is
signal clk: std_logic := '0';
constant DEPH: natural := 4;
constant GAMMA_COR: real := 1.0;
-- signal gamma_cor_array_s:
-- gamma_cor_array (2 ** DEPH - 1 downto 0) ;
function gamma_correct return gamma_cor_array is -- added pure function
use ieee.math_real.all;
variable gamma_cor_array_s: gamma_cor_array(2 ** DEPH - 1 downto 0);
begin
for i in 0 to (2 ** DEPH - 1) loop
gamma_cor_array_s(i) := integer (
( (real(i) / real (2 ** DEPH - 1) ) ** GAMMA_COR ) *
real(2 ** DEPH - 1)
);
end loop;
return gamma_cor_array_s;
end function;
constant gamma_cor_array_s: -- previously a signal
gamma_cor_array (2 ** DEPH - 1 downto 0) := gamma_correct;
begin
-- CLOCK:
-- process
-- begin
-- wait for 10 ns;
-- clk <= not clk;
-- wait for 10 ns;
-- wait; -- one ping only
-- end process;
-- DUT:
-- entity work.gamma_correction
-- generic map (
-- DEPH => DEPH,
-- GAMMA_COR => GAMMA_COR
-- )
-- port map (
-- clk => clk,
-- gamma_cor_array_s => gamma_cor_array_s
-- );
MONITOR:
process -- (gamma_cor_array_s)
begin
for i in 0 to (2 ** DEPH - 1) loop
report "gamma_cor_array_s(" & integer'image(i) & ") = " &
integer'image(gamma_cor_array_s(i));
end loop;
wait;
end process;
end architecture;
函数规范需要在以前作为实体gamma_correction的通用常量传递的常量的范围内。
该函数用于初始化一个常量,这是一个查找表,用于确定伽马校正。
请注意,没有信号根据事件在进程之间传递值。您分配了gamma_cor_array_s的值从未更改过(实体gamma_correction&#39; s架构中的驱动程序)。
输出值为:
gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(0) = 0 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(1)= 1 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(2)= 2 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(3) = 3 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(4)= 4 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(5)= 5 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(6) = 6 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(7)= 7 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(8)= 8 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(9) = 9 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明):gamma_cor_array_s(10)= 10 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(11)= 11 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明): gamma_cor_array_s(12)= 12 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注):gamma_cor_array_s(13)= 13 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告说明): gamma_cor_array_s(14)= 14 gamma_corrections.vhdl:126:13:@ 0ms :(报告 注意):gamma_cor_array_s(15)= 15
与时钟上升沿之后的前一个信号的值匹配。
可以使gamma_cor_array_s成为一个信号,在动态分配的情况下,这要求所有分配都在一个过程中完成(并发语句将详细说明分配过程)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
Xst会报告这些警告,因为某些数组元素被固定为零,因此不需要寄存器,可以对其进行优化。要删除警告,您必须删除寄存器说明。或者只是忽略警告。或者在ISE中过滤掉它。
其余数组元素在第一个时钟边沿后具有常量值。如果您不关心初始值(在第一个时钟边沿之前),则删除数组输出的初始值。现在,也可以删除这些数组元素的寄存器。
如果一直需要恒定值,则不需要时钟。现在可以将该过程简化为
PROCESS BEGIN
for i in 0 to (2**DEPH - 1) loop
gamma_cor_array_s(i) <= integer(((real(i)/real(2**DEPH - 1))**GAMMA_COR)*real(2**DEPH - 1));
end loop;
wait;
end process;