JEE 6加载一种类型的所有bean - WebSphere

Question

我的用例是我有多个实现接口的类，在运行时我希望每个类都有一个实例。我找到了使用CDI的解决方案，Instance结合@Any限定符。以下示例在Glassfish中工作正常，但在WebSphere 8中没有。

我正在寻找的界面：

public interface TestIf {
    String test();
}

一个示例实现：

import javax.ejb.Stateless;

@Stateless
public class TestA implements TestIf {

    @Override
    public String test() {
        return getClass().getName();
    }
}

另一个示例实现：

import javax.ejb.Stateless;

@Stateless
public class TestB implements TestIf {

    @Override
    public String test() {
        return getClass().getName();
    }
}

Glassfish不需要beans.xml它可以正常使用bean注释，但是WebSphere抱怨CDI没有启用，除非它被提出：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/beans_1_0.xsd">
</beans>

我创建了一个简单的启动bean来尝试：

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.ejb.Singleton;
import javax.ejb.Startup;
import javax.enterprise.inject.Any;
import javax.enterprise.inject.Instance;
import javax.inject.Inject;

@Startup
@Singleton
public class Start {

    @Any
    @Inject
    private Instance<TestIf> providers;

    @PostConstruct
    public void test() {
        System.out.println(">>>>> FOO " + providers);

        for (final TestIf b : providers) {
            System.out.println(">>>>> " + b.test());
        }
    }

}

在Glassfish中它起作用：

...
Info:   >>>>> FOO
Info:   >>>>> TestB
Info:   >>>>> TestA
...

在Websphere中我收到错误：

E   CWOWB0102E: A JCDI error has occurred: Api type [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance] is not found with the qualifiers 
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]
for injection into 
Field Injection Point, field :  private javax.enterprise.inject.Instance Start.providers, Bean Owner : [-495517893,Name:null,WebBeans Type:MANAGED,API Types:[Start,java.lang.Object],Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Any,javax.enterprise.inject.Default]]
InjectionType   :  [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>]
Annotated       :  [Annotated Field,Base Type : javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>,Type Closures : [Iterable<TestIf>, javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>, Provider<interface TestIf>, class java.lang.Object],Annotations : [@javax.inject.Inject(), @javax.enterprise.inject.Any()],Java Member Name : providers]
Qualifiers      :  [[@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]]
E   CNTR0190E: The Start startup singleton session bean in the ejb.jar module failed initialization with exception:
javax.ejb.NoSuchEJBException: An error occurred during initialization of singleton session bean foo.ear#foo.ejb.jar#Start, resulting in the discarding of the singleton instance.; nested exception is: javax.ejb.EJBException: Injection failure; nested exception is: javax.enterprise.inject.UnsatisfiedResolutionException: Api type [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance] is not found with the qualifiers 
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]
for injection into 
Field Injection Point, field :  private javax.enterprise.inject.Instance Start.providers, Bean Owner : [-495517893,Name:null,WebBeans Type:MANAGED,API Types:[Start,java.lang.Object],Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Any,javax.enterprise.inject.Default]]
InjectionType   :  [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>]
Annotated       :  [Annotated Field,Base Type : javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>,Type Closures : [Iterable<interface TestIf>, javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>, Provider<interface TestIf>, class java.lang.Object],Annotations : [@javax.inject.Inject(), @javax.enterprise.inject.Any()],Java Member Name : providers]
Qualifiers      :  [[@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]]
javax.ejb.EJBException: Injection failure; nested exception is: javax.enterprise.inject.UnsatisfiedResolutionException: Api type [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance] is not found with the qualifiers 
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]
for injection into 
Field Injection Point, field :  private javax.enterprise.inject.Instance Start.providers, Bean Owner : [-495517893,Name:null,WebBeans Type:MANAGED,API Types:[Start,java.lang.Object],Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Any,javax.enterprise.inject.Default]]
InjectionType   :  [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>]
Annotated       :  [Annotated Field,Base Type : javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>,Type Closures : [Iterable<interface TestIf>, javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>, Provider<interface TestIf>, class java.lang.Object],Annotations : [@javax.inject.Inject(), @javax.enterprise.inject.Any()],Java Member Name : providers]
Qualifiers      :  [[@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]]
javax.enterprise.inject.UnsatisfiedResolutionException: Api type [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance] is not found with the qualifiers 
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]
for injection into 
Field Injection Point, field :  private javax.enterprise.inject.Instance Start.providers, Bean Owner : [-495517893,Name:null,WebBeans Type:MANAGED,API Types:[Start,java.lang.Object],Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Any,javax.enterprise.inject.Default]]
InjectionType   :  [javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>]
Annotated       :  [Annotated Field,Base Type : javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>,Type Closures : [Iterable<interface TestIf>, javax.enterprise.inject.Instance<TestIf>, Provider<interface TestIf>, class java.lang.Object],Annotations : [@javax.inject.Inject(), @javax.enterprise.inject.Any()],Java Member Name : providers]
Qualifiers      :  [[@javax.enterprise.inject.Any()]]

Glassfish使用Java 8“内部”NetBeans运行。 WebSphere在Eclipse内部运行IBM JDK 8。为简洁起见，我删除了我的课程的包名。