Question

我一直在尝试从HTTP POST请求中获取cookie，该请求用于使用用户名和密码对特定REST API进行身份验证。问题在于cookie存储库中没有cookie（所有相关的隐藏参数都是正确的）。 POST方法的主体用于验证用户（JSON）：

{
  "username": <username>,
  "password": <password>
}

我使用以下代码：

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    String USER_AUTHENTICATION = "/user/authentication";
    String baseUrl = "http://<someIP>/<someProjectName>/rest";

    HttpClient http = null;
    CookieStore httpCookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
    RequestConfig globalConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD).build();
    CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
    credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials("<someUsername>", "<somePassword>"));

    HttpClientBuilder builder = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultCookieStore(httpCookieStore)
            .setDefaultRequestConfig(globalConfig).setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
    http = builder.build();

    HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(baseUrl + USER_AUTHENTICATION);
    HttpResponse httpResponse;
    try {
        httpResponse = http.execute(httpRequest);
    } catch (Throwable error) {
        throw new RuntimeException(error);
    }

    List<Cookie> cookies = httpCookieStore.getCookies();
    System.out.println("Cookies! " + cookies);
}

控制台输出是：

12:09:34.267 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAddCookies - CookieSpec selected: standard
12:09:34.295 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.client.protocol.RequestAuthCache - Auth cache not set in the context
12:09:34.298 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection request: [route: {}->http://<someIP>][total kept alive: 0; route allocated: 0 of 2; total allocated: 0 of 20]
12:09:34.343 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection leased: [id: 0][route: {}->http://<someIP>][total kept alive: 0; route allocated: 1 of 2; total allocated: 1 of 20]
12:09:34.346 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Opening connection {}->http://<someIP>
12:09:34.355 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator - Connecting to /<someIP>
12:09:34.363 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator - Connection established <someOtherIP>:<somePort><-><someIP>
12:09:34.363 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Executing request POST /<someProjectName>/rest/user/authentication HTTP/1.1
12:09:34.363 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Target auth state: UNCHALLENGED
12:09:34.365 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Proxy auth state: UNCHALLENGED
12:09:34.368 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> POST /<someProjectName>/rest/user/authentication HTTP/1.1
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> Content-Length: 0
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> Host: <someIP>
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> Connection: Keep-Alive
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_91)
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 >> Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "POST /<someProjectName>/rest/user/authentication HTTP/1.1[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "Content-Length: 0[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "Host: <someIP>[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "Connection: Keep-Alive[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.369 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_91)[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.370 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.370 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 >> "[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Date: Tue, 10 Jan 2017 11:09:39 GMT[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Content-Length: 0[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Connection: close[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.406 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.wire - http-outgoing-0 << "[\r][\n]"
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Date: Tue, 10 Jan 2017 11:09:39 GMT
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Content-Length: 0
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Connection: close
12:09:34.413 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.headers - http-outgoing-0 << Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
12:09:34.419 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultManagedHttpClientConnection - http-outgoing-0: Close connection
12:09:34.420 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec - Connection discarded
12:09:34.420 [main] DEBUG org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager - Connection released: [id: 0][route: {}->http://<someIP>][total kept alive: 0; route allocated: 0 of 2; total allocated: 0 of 20]
Cookies! []

我的想法：不支持的媒体类型可能存在问题，可以在控制台输出中看到，但我不知道如何解决它：（

编辑：我收到了有关该应用程序的其他信息的建议，所以这里有：任务是获取一个cookie，该cookie将在各种请求中传递给REST API。为此，我首先必须使用用户名和密码进行身份验证（POST），这将提供cookie本身，然后我应检查所有其他REST请求中的cookie是否相同（我已经使用Postman测试了POST方法，有用）。承认，这是我第一次用Java编写，其中包括REST架构，即使我理解基础知识的基础知识，我选择google和SO引导我到这里。那么..是我的例子中的代码是必要的还是可以简化？ Ty的答案，我非常感激：）

Answer 1

第一件事是，POST /<someProjectName>/rest/user/authentication HTTP/1.1有Content-Length: 0您确定要发送数据吗？

此外，服务器以415响应，这可能是因为您发送了Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8，您应该发送application/json; charset=UTF-8。您可能还希望将Accept标头设置为application/json，以告诉服务器您希望响应为JSON。

如果您只调用基于JSON的REST API，则直接使用HTTP客户端似乎非常低级别。我个人会使用Springs RestTemplate（它也可以配置为使用HttpClient和连接池），代码将缩短5倍，并且更容易阅读。

Apache HttpClient 4.x

1 个答案: