Question

我想使用Junit + Mockito.

为spring框架的服务层编写测试用例

如何使用我的ServiceTest类调用实际的服务层方法，如果我模拟ServiceTest类，那么它的对象不会执行实际的服务方法代码，因为它不会让对象调用它的方法如果我尝试与间谍仍然无法正常工作，I tried this example 我仍然无法执行测试用例。

MyService.java

@Service
 public class MyService{

    @Autowired
    Utility utility;

    public String showResult(){

    String result = utility.getName();

    return result;
    }
    }

MyServiceTest.java

    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(loader=AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
    @WebAppConfiguration
    public class MyServiceTest {

        @Autowired
        MyService myService;


        @Autowired
        Utility utility; 




        @Test
        public void testShowResult() throws Exception {

            assertEquals("Test",myService.showResult());

        }

        @Configuration
        static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

            @Bean
            public MyService myService() {
                return new MyService();
            }           

            @Bean
            public Utility utility() {
                return Mockito.mock(Utility.class);
            }
        }

    }

Answer 1

您必须首先模拟Utility类，然后必须在使用@Test调用MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this)之前调用它，如下所示：

<强> MyServiceTest.java

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader = AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyServiceTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private MyService myService;

    @Mock
    private Utility utility;

    @Before
    public void setupMock() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testShowResult() throws Exception {
        when(utility.getName()).thenReturn("Test");
        Assert.assertEquals("Test", myService.showResult());
    }

    @Configuration
    static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

        @Bean
        public MyService myService() {
            return new MyService();
        }

        @Bean
        public Utility utility() {
            return new Utility();
        }
    }

}

<强> MyService.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MyService {

    @Autowired
    private Utility utility;

    public String showResult() {
        String result = utility.getName();
        return result;
    }
}

<强> Utility.java

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Utility {
    public String getName() {
        return "hello";
    }

}

Answer 2

如何使用@MockBean？它适合Spring + JUnit，可能你需要实现模拟行为。

我猜Utility.getName()返回＆＃34;测试＆＃34;在测试用例中。

以下是我试过的测试代码。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader = AnnotationConfigWebContextLoader.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    MyService myService;

    @MockBean
    Utility utility;

    @Test
    public void testShowResult() throws Exception {
        Mockito.when(utility.getName()).thenReturn("Test");

        assertEquals("Test", myService.showResult());
    }

    @Configuration
    static class MykServiceTestContextConfiguration {

        @Bean
        public MyService myService() {
            return new MyService();
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

利用@Spy

调用spy时，会调用实际对象的实际方法。

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/mockito/mockito_spying.htm

请完成教程

这对我有用

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MyServiceTest {

    @Spy
    MyService myService;  


    @Test
    public void testShowResult() throws Exception {

        assertEquals("Test",myService.showResult());

    }    

    @Service
    public class MyService{


        public String showResult(){  
            return "Test";
        }
    }

}

仍有问题与您正在使用的弹簧版本共享

Spring测试服务类模拟实用程序类--Junit和Mockito

3 个答案: