Question

如果我通过代码使用它，我有一个“框架”。这很好，因为并非所有运行框架的系统都安装了图形资料。

现在我想为这个框架创建一个图形用户界面。因为框架的一个大的，自我管理的组合最终运行，我不想创建一个并行的GUI层次结构，并重新实现GUI的所有自我管理的东西以及组织。的确，我的想法是为每个班级创建一个扩展，例如： G。调用gui，后面可以包含在主窗口中。因此，我会将其描绘如下：

在这个插图中，我不喜欢多重继承。正如m2()示例所示，它引入了一些问题。在这里，问题是：“m(2)执行哪个ConcreteGui，来自AbstractGui的更新的AbstractClass或来自ConcreteClass的{{1}}过时的class AbstractClass: def __init__(self): self.a = 23 self.b = 42 def m1(self): return self.a + self.b def m2(self): self.b += 1 return self.a * 2 class ConcreteClass1(AbstractClass): def __init__(self): super().__init__() # constructor of AbstractClass self.c = 13 self.d = 7 def m3(self): return self.a - self.d def m4(self): self.a += 1 return self.b / self.c？ “

我可以使用哪种方法或设计模式？

修改

让我们假设以下给定的框架（它是一个与语言无关的问题，Python仅用作说明）。

select "year","Trimestre",COALESCE(sum("base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("iva"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("total"),0) as "total" from (

select "year",'1er Trimestre' as "Trimestre",COALESCE(sum("base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("iva"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("total"),0) as "total" from (Select Year("p_fpagado") as "year",month("p_fpagado") as "month",COALESCE(sum("im_base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("im_calculado"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("im_total"),0) as "total" from "Facturas" where "p_pagado" = True and month("p_fpagado") between 1 and 3 group by Year("p_fpagado"),month("p_fpagado")) group by "year"

union all

select "year",'2º Trimestre' as "Trimestre",COALESCE(sum("base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("iva"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("total"),0) as "total" from (Select Year("p_fpagado") as "year",month("p_fpagado") as "month",COALESCE(sum("im_base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("im_calculado"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("im_total"),0) as "total" from "Facturas" where "p_pagado" = True and month("p_fpagado") between 4 and 6 group by Year("p_fpagado"),month("p_fpagado")) group by "year"

union all

select "year",'3er Trimestre' as "Trimestre",COALESCE(sum("base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("iva"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("total"),0) as "total" from (Select Year("p_fpagado") as "year",month("p_fpagado") as "month",COALESCE(sum("im_base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("im_calculado"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("im_total"),0) as "total" from "Facturas" where "p_pagado" = True and month("p_fpagado") between 7 and 9 group by Year("p_fpagado"),month("p_fpagado")) group by "year"

union all

select "year",'4º Trimestre' as "Trimestre",COALESCE(sum("base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("iva"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("total"),0) as "total" from (Select Year("p_fpagado") as "year",month("p_fpagado") as "month",COALESCE(sum("im_base"),0) as "base",COALESCE(sum("im_calculado"),0) as "iva",COALESCE(sum("im_total"),0) as "total" from "Facturas" where "p_pagado" = True and month("p_fpagado") between 10 and 12 group by Year("p_fpagado"),month("p_fpagado")) group by "year"

union all

(select distinct year("p_fpagado") as "year",'1er Trimestre' as "Trimestre",0 as "base",0 as "iva",0 as "total" from "Facturas" having year("p_fpagado") != 0

union all

select distinct year("p_fpagado") as "year",'2º Trimestre' as "Trimestre",0 as "base",0 as "iva",0 as "total" from "Facturas" having year("p_fpagado") != 0

union all

select distinct year("p_fpagado") as "year",'3er Trimestre' as "Trimestre",0 as "base",0 as "iva",0 as "total" from "Facturas" having year("p_fpagado") != 0

union all

select distinct year("p_fpagado") as "year",'4º Trimestre' as "Trimestre",0 as "base",0 as "iva",0 as "total" from "Facturas" having year("p_fpagado") != 0) 
) group by "year","Trimestre" order by "year" desc,"Trimestre" asc

现在，每个属性都应该获得一个GUI小部件作为用户友好的表示（显示当前值）以及接口（设置一个值）。为此，我不想重写所有方法来使用特定小部件而不是属性。添加的小部件应该对所有已实现的方法都是透明的。

Answer 1

您无法从ConcreteClass和AbstractGUIClass派生，您可能必须将GUI实现分开并将它们注入ConcreteGuiClass

public class ConcreteClassGui1 : ConcreteClass1 {

    private IGuiSpecificOperations _guiSpecificOperations;

    public ConcreteClassGui1(IGuiSpecificOperations guiSpecificOperations){

        _guiSpecificOperations = guiSpecificOperations;

        SetSomeGuiProperties();
    }

    ~ConcreteClassGui1(){

    }

    public override Method2()
    {
        // specific implementation
    }

    private void SetGuiProperties()
    {
        _guiSpecificOperations.PropertyGuiA = "Test";
        _guiSpecificOperations.PropertyGuiB = 10;
    }

}

public class ConcreteClassGui2 : ConcreteClass2 {


    private IGuiSpecificOperations _guiSpecificOperations;

    public ConcreteClassGui2(IGuiSpecificOperations guiSpecificOperations){

        _guiSpecificOperations = guiSpecificOperations;
    }

    ~ConcreteClassGui2(){

    }

    public override Method2()
    {
        // specific implementation
        _guiSpecificOperations.PropertyGuiA = "Text";
        _guiSpecificOperations.PropertyGuiB = 10;
    }

}

public class GuiSpecificOperationImplementation : IGuiSpecificOperations {

    public GuiSpecificOperationImplementation(){

    }

    ~GuiSpecificOperationImplementation(){

    }

    public string PropertyGuiA{ get; set;}

    public int PropertyGuiB {get; set;}

}

    public interface IGuiSpecificOperations  
   {    
    public string PropertyGuiA{ get; set;}

    public int PropertyGuiB {get; set;}
   }

还注意到IGuiSpecificOperations的实现已经注入ConcreteGuiClass而不是派生它们。

通过GUI扩展非GUI框架

1 个答案: