Question

我是新来的，只是学习python。我需要帮助才能在Windows中使用python获取正确的网卡mac地址。我试图搜索，发现了这些：

Python - Get mac address
Getting MAC Address
Command output parsing in Python
Parsing windows 'ipconfig /all' output

如果我从命令提示符运行“ipconfig / all”，我会得到：

Windows-IP-Konfiguration
Hostname  . . . . . . . . . . . . : DESKTOP-CIRBA63
Primäres DNS-Suffix . . . . . . . :
Knotentyp . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid
IP-Routing aktiviert  . . . . . . : Nein
WINS-Proxy aktiviert  . . . . . . : Nein

Ethernet-Adapter Ethernet:
Verbindungsspezifisches DNS-Suffix:
Beschreibung. . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek PCIe FE Family Controller
Physische Adresse . . . . . . . . : 32-A5-2C-0B-14-D9
DHCP aktiviert. . . . . . . . . . : Nein
Autokonfiguration aktiviert . . . : Ja
IPv4-Adresse  . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.142.35(Bevorzugt)
Subnetzmaske  . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Standardgateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.142.1
DNS-Server  . . . . . . . . . . . : 8.8.8.8
                                    8.8.4.4
NetBIOS über TCP/IP . . . . . . . : Deaktiviert

Ethernet-Adapter Ethernet 2:
Medienstatus. . . . . . . . . . . : Medium getrennt
Verbindungsspezifisches DNS-Suffix:
Beschreibung. . . . . . . . . . . : Norton Security Data Escort Adapter
Physische Adresse . . . . . . . . : 00-CE-35-1B-77-5A
DHCP aktiviert. . . . . . . . . . : Ja
Autokonfiguration aktiviert . . . : Ja

Tunneladapter isatap.{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx}:
Medienstatus. . . . . . . . . . . : Medium getrennt
Verbindungsspezifisches DNS-Suffix:
Beschreibung. . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter
Physische Adresse . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-A0
DHCP aktiviert. . . . . . . . . . : Nein
Autokonfiguration aktiviert . . . : Ja

我需要获取Realtek网卡的mac地址（ 32-A5-2C-0B-14-D9 ），而不是诺顿或Windows隧道创建的网卡。如果我使用Python，Python给了我另一个mac地址的结果： "uuid.getnode() or "getmac" 我认为最好的方法是获得输出 "ipconfig /all"，在“Beschreibung”查看“Realtek”然后获取“Physische Adresse”信息以获取我的真实mac地址。如何在Windows上的python中执行此操作？任何帮助表示赞赏。提前谢谢。

Answer 1

下面的python3脚本是基于Stephen Rauch的（感谢wmic实用程序指针它真的很方便）

它只从计算机中检索 IP 和活动接口，处理具有多个值的字段（在一个nic上有几个ips / mask或网关），从ip / mask创建IPv4Iinterface or v6 python objects，并输出一个每个nic有一个dict的列表。

#python3
from subprocess import check_output
from xml.etree.ElementTree import fromstring
from ipaddress import IPv4Interface, IPv6Interface

def getNics() :

    cmd = 'wmic.exe nicconfig where "IPEnabled  = True" get ipaddress,MACAddress,IPSubnet,DNSHostName,Caption,DefaultIPGateway /format:rawxml'
    xml_text = check_output(cmd, creationflags=8)
    xml_root = fromstring(xml_text)

    nics = []
    keyslookup = {
        'DNSHostName' : 'hostname',
        'IPAddress' : 'ip',
        'IPSubnet' : '_mask',
        'Caption' : 'hardware',
        'MACAddress' : 'mac',
        'DefaultIPGateway' : 'gateway',
    }

    for nic in xml_root.findall("./RESULTS/CIM/INSTANCE") :
        # parse and store nic info
        n = {
            'hostname':'',
            'ip':[],
            '_mask':[],
            'hardware':'',
            'mac':'',
            'gateway':[],
        }
        for prop in nic :
            name = keyslookup[prop.attrib['NAME']]
            if prop.tag == 'PROPERTY':
                if len(prop):
                    for v in prop:
                        n[name] = v.text
            elif prop.tag == 'PROPERTY.ARRAY':
                for v in prop.findall("./VALUE.ARRAY/VALUE") :
                    n[name].append(v.text)
        nics.append(n)

        # creates python ipaddress objects from ips and masks
        for i in range(len(n['ip'])) :
            arg = '%s/%s'%(n['ip'][i],n['_mask'][i])
            if ':' in n['ip'][i] : n['ip'][i] = IPv6Interface(arg)
            else : n['ip'][i] = IPv4Interface(arg)
        del n['_mask']

    return nics

if __name__ == '__main__':
    nics = getNics()
    for nic in nics :
        for k,v in nic.items() :
            print('%s : %s'%(k,v))
        print()

导入它或从cmd提示符中使用它：

python.exe getnics.py

将输出如下内容：

hardware : [00000000] Intel(R) Centrino(R) Wireless-N 2230 Driver
gateway : ['192.168.0.254']
ip : [IPv4Interface('192.168.0.40/24'), IPv6Interface('fe80::7403:9e12:f7db:60c/64')]
mac : xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
hostname : mixer

hardware : [00000002] Killer E2200 Gigabit Ethernet Controller
gateway : ['192.168.0.254']
ip : [IPv4Interface('192.168.0.28/24')]
mac : xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
hostname : mixer

用windows10测试。我对mac地址字段有一些疑问，例如VM或欺骗情况，似乎wmic只返回一个字符串，而不是数组。

Answer 2

您可以使用XML格式的wmic检索Windows界面信息，然后将xml转换为dict。从生成的词典中，您可以收集所有需要的信息：

import UIKit
import CoreMotion

class ViewController: UIViewController
{
    let manager=CMMotionManager()
    var accelerationX: Double=0.0
    var accelerationY: Double=0.0
    var accelerationZ: Double=0.0
    @IBOutlet weak var valueLabelX: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var valueLabelY: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var valueLabelZ: UILabel!

    override func viewDidLoad()
    {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        if manager.isAccelerometerAvailable
        {
            manager.accelerometerUpdateInterval=0.1
            let queue=OperationQueue.main
            manager.startAccelerometerUpdates(to: queue, withHandler: { [weak self] (data, error) in
                if let acceleration=data?.acceleration
                {
                    self?.outputAccelerationData(data: acceleration)
                }

            })
        }
        else
        {
            print("Error: Accelerometer not available on this device")
        }
    }

    func outputAccelerationData(data:CMAcceleration)
    {
        self.accelerationX=data.x
        self.accelerationY=data.y
        self.accelerationZ=data.z
        valueLabelX.text=String(format: "%.2f", self.accelerationX)
        valueLabelY.text=String(format: "%.2f", self.accelerationY)
        valueLabelZ.text=String(format: "%.2f", self.accelerationZ)
    }
}

此函数将返回一个dicts列表，可以从生成的dicts中返回所需的信息：

def get_interfaces_with_mac_addresses(interface_name_substring=''):
    import subprocess
    import xml.etree.ElementTree

    cmd = 'wmic.exe nic'
    if interface_name_substring:
        cmd += ' where "name like \'%%%s%%\'" ' % interface_name_substring
    cmd += ' get /format:rawxml'

    DETACHED_PROCESS = 8
    xml_text = subprocess.check_output(cmd, creationflags=DETACHED_PROCESS)

    # convert xml text to xml structure
    xml_root = xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(xml_text)

    xml_types = dict(
        datetime=str,
        boolean=bool,
        uint16=int,
        uint32=int,
        uint64=int,
        string=str,
    )

    def xml_to_dict(xml_node):
        """ Convert the xml returned from wmic to a dict """
        dict_ = {}
        for child in xml_node:
            name = child.attrib['NAME']
            xml_type = xml_types[child.attrib['TYPE']]

            if child.tag == 'PROPERTY':
                if len(child):
                    for value in child:
                        dict_[name] = xml_type(value.text)
            elif child.tag == 'PROPERTY.ARRAY':
                if len(child):
                    assert False, "This case is not dealt with"
            else:
                assert False, "This case is not dealt with"

        return dict_

    # convert the xml into a list of dict for each interface
    interfaces = [xml_to_dict(x)
                  for x in xml_root.findall("./RESULTS/CIM/INSTANCE")]

    # get only the interfaces which have a mac address
    interfaces_with_mac = [
        intf for intf in interfaces if intf.get('MACAddress')]

    return interfaces_with_mac

在Windows中使用python获取ipconfig结果

2 个答案: