当我尝试在Heroku上运行应用程序时出现“KeyError：'ticker'”错误。
017-01-01T12:38:39.454671+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=f8649dd9-cf7d-4409-bf01-94159b509ec5 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=2ms status=302 bytes=438
2017-01-01T12:38:39.525219+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/index" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=341dea59-15b8-43c7-b7dc-c54bd44aa715 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=7ms status=200 bytes=772
2017-01-01T12:38:44.830618+00:00 app[web.1]: TSLA
2017-01-01T12:38:44.862686+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/index" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=af6d4c58-9988-437d-962d-87eeef0ba8f5 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=563ms status=302 bytes=438
2017-01-01T12:38:45.178563+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/graph" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=475d90ec-db4c-4b84-9efe-2485c3154d8c fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=154ms status=200 bytes=46210
2017-01-01T12:39:07.518060+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/graph" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=e43270fa-fdde-4c7c-8c6f-be26043d7103 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=138ms status=200 bytes=59906
2017-01-01T12:39:30.557638+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/graph" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=05e844a4-3e7c-4649-8718-80e02936be37 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=133ms status=200 bytes=70237
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739658+00:00 app[web.1]: Exception on /graph [POST]
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739673+00:00 app[web.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739675+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739676+00:00 app[web.1]: response = self.full_dispatch_request()
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739677+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739677+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739678+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739678+00:00 app[web.1]: reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739678+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739679+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.dispatch_request()
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739679+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1461, in dispatch_request
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739680+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739681+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/app.py", line 48, in this_graph
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739681+00:00 app[web.1]: ticker = app.vars['ticker']
2017-01-01T12:40:39.739682+00:00 app[web.1]: KeyError: 'ticker'
2017-01-01T12:40:39.745421+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=POST path="/graph" host=tdiquandlsticker.herokuapp.com request_id=a5c76fac-5cb3-4c9b-8c9b-f89af9884977 fwd="100.35.108.201" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=9ms status=500 bytes=456
我的python代码是
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect
import requests
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import bokeh
from bokeh.embed import components
from bokeh.plotting import figure, show, output_server
from datetime import datetime
import sys
import logging
app = Flask(__name__)
app.logger.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout))
app.logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
app.vars={}
app.df = pd.DataFrame()
@app.route('/')
def main():
return redirect('/index')
@app.route('/index', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
if request.method == 'GET':
return render_template('/index.html')
else:
app.vars['ticker'] = request.form['ticker'].upper()
url = 'https://www.quandl.com/api/v3/datasets/WIKI/%s.json?auth_token=3N24TTpyDxxw8wbazF6M' % (app.vars['ticker'])
session = requests.Session()
session.mount('http://', requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3))
sesh = session.get(url)
injson=sesh.json()
print (app.vars['ticker'])
app.df=pd.DataFrame(injson['dataset']['data'])
app.df.columns=injson['dataset']['column_names']
return redirect('/graph')
@app.route('/graph', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def this_graph():
data = app.df
ticker = app.vars['ticker']
def makedate(x):
return np.array(x, dtype=np.datetime64)
if request.method == 'GET':
thismax = max(data['Date'])
thismin = min(data['Date'])
app.maxdate = datetime.strptime(thismax, '%Y-%m-%d').strftime("%m/%d/%Y")
app.mindate = datetime.strptime(thismin, '%Y-%m-%d').strftime("%m/%d/%Y")
p1 = figure(x_axis_type = "datetime")
p1.title.text = "Adjusted Closing Price"
p1.grid.grid_line_alpha=0.3
p1.xaxis.axis_label = 'Date'
p1.yaxis.axis_label = 'Price'
p1.line(makedate(data['Date']), data['Adj. Close'], color='#A6CEE3', legend=ticker)
show(p1)
else:
low = request.form['low']
high = request.form['high']
data['Date'] = makedate(data['Date'])
toplot = data[(data['Date']<=high) & (data['Date']>=low)]
#&data['Date']<high)]
p1 = figure(x_axis_type = "datetime")
p1.title.text = "Adjusted Closing Price"
p1.grid.grid_line_alpha=0.3
p1.xaxis.axis_label = 'Date'
p1.yaxis.axis_label = 'Price'
p1.line(toplot['Date'], toplot['Adj. Close'], color='#A6CEE3', legend=ticker)
show(p1)
script, div = components(p1)
return render_template('graph.html', thismin=app.mindate, thismax=app.maxdate, script=script, div=div, ticker=ticker)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.debug = True
app.run(port=33507)
我不太清楚为什么我会获得'ticker'的KeyError。我的html页面确实有'ticker'定义如下。
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>{{ticker}} data </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-0.12.3.min.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.pydata.org/bokeh/release/bokeh-0.12.3.min.js"></script>
{{graphscript|safe}}
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h1>Input a Ticker Symbol</h1>
<form id="input" method="post" action="index">
<p>Input Ticker:
<input type="text" name="ticker">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</p>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
我的要求文件也提到了所有必要的组件。
numpy==1.7.0
scipy==0.18.1
dill==0.2.1
Flask==0.10.1
gunicorn==19.3.0
Jinja2==2.7.2
oauth==1.0.1
oauthlib==0.7.2
requests>=2.2.1
simplejson==3.8.0
quandl
bokeh==0.12.3
pandas==0.19.2
有人可以帮我弄清楚为什么会收到KeyError吗？