获取具有不同类型的固定长度的随机项

时间:2017-01-01 11:49:07

标签: c# linq

我有List<Fruit>

public class Fruit
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Type { get; set; }
}

并且上面的列表包含两种类型的30个Fruit对象:AppleOrange。 20个苹果和10个橙子。

List<Fruit> fruits = new List<Fruit>();
fruits.Add(new Fruit(){ Name = "Red Delicious", Type = "Apple" });
fruits.Add(new Fruit(){ Name = "Granny Smith", Type = "Apple" });
fruits.Add(new Fruit(){ Name = "Sour Granny", Type = "Orange" });
fruits.Add(new Fruit(){ Name = "Delicious Yummy", Type = "Orange" });
.....

如何获得10个随机水果的清单(来自30个水果的篮子),但应该有3个橙子和7个苹果?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:12)

您可以使用LINQ和GuidRandom进行随机选择:

var apples = fruits.
     Where( f => f.Type == "Apple" ). //choose only from apples
     OrderBy( f => Guid.NewGuid() ). //order randomly
     Take( 7 ). //take 7 apples
     ToList();

同样适用于oranges,仅使用"Orange"代替"Apple"而使用3代替7。

它是如何工作的?

OrderBy按给定条件对可枚举进行排序。因为Guid.NewGuid()返回随机唯一标识符,结果是项目是随机排序的。然后,当我们应用Take( n )时,它会以此随机顺序排列n个第一项。

注意您可以创建Guid的实例,并使用Random作为f => random.NextDouble()表达式,而不是OrderBy。这可能是一个更安全的解决方案,因为Guid.NewGuid() 不保证是随机的,只是唯一的

答案 1 :(得分:5)

首先,在苹果和橘子之间分开,所以你会有

var apples = basket.Where(f => f.Type == "Apple");
var oranges = basket.Where(f => f.Type == "Orange");

现在,为了获得随机数量的元素而不重复两个列表,您可以使用以下内容:

var random = new Random();
var numOfElements = 7; // Replace this with the number you want
apples.OrderBy(x => random.Next()).Take(numOfElements).ToList();

最后,结合你得到的两个清单。

答案 2 :(得分:5)

你可以洗一次,然后剥掉苹果和橘子 对于每种水果,它会比随机效率更高一些,但在短名单上没有太大的区别

public static void TestFruit()
{
    List<Fruit> fruits = new List<Fruit>();
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("01", "orange")); fruits.Add(new Fruit("02", "orange"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("03", "orange")); fruits.Add(new Fruit("04", "orange"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("05", "orange")); fruits.Add(new Fruit("06", "orange"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("07", "orange")); fruits.Add(new Fruit("08", "orange"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("09", "orange")); fruits.Add(new Fruit("10", "orange"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("01", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("02", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("03", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("04", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("05", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("06", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("07", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("08", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("09", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("10", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("11", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("12", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("13", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("14", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("15", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("16", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("17", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("18", "apple"));
    fruits.Add(new Fruit("19", "apple"));  fruits.Add(new Fruit("20", "apple"));
    Shuffle<Fruit>(fruits);
    List<Fruit> randomFruits = fruits.Where(x => x.Type == "apple").Take(7).ToList();
    randomFruits.AddRange(fruits.Where(x => x.Type == "orange").Take(3));
    foreach (Fruit f in randomFruits)
    {
        Debug.WriteLine("Name {0}  Type {1}", f.Name, f.Type);
    }
    Debug.WriteLine("");
}
public static void Shuffle<T>(List<T> list)
{   // FisherYates 
    for (int i = list.Count - 1; i >= 1; i--)
    {
        int j = rand.Next(i + 1);
        if (j != i)
        {   // exchange values
            T curVal = list[i];
            list[i] = list[j];
            list[j] = curVal;
        }
    }
}
public class Fruit
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Type { get; set; }
    public Fruit(string name, string type)
    {
        Name = name;
        Type = type;
    }
}