我无法在我的机器上编译和链接一个最小的提升协同程序（我猜其他组件）。
// example.cpp
#include <boost/coroutine/all.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace boost::coroutines;
void mycorofunc(coroutine<void>::push_type &sink){
std::cout << "1";
sink();
std::cout << " 3";
}
int main() {
coroutine<void>::pull_type source{mycorofunc};
std::cout << " 2";
source();
std::cout << " 4!" << std::endl;
}
我使用apt-get来安装boost（libboost-all-dev），但不是
g++ example.cpp -lboost_coroutine -lboost_system
，也不
g++ example.cpp -I/usr/include -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -lboost_coroutine -lboost_system
的工作原理。 g ++的输出如下：
In file included from /usr/include/boost/coroutine/v1/coroutine.hpp:19:0,
from /usr/include/boost/coroutine/coroutine.hpp:13,
from /usr/include/boost/coroutine/all.hpp:11,
from example.cpp:3:
/usr/include/boost/type_traits/function_traits.hpp: In instantiation of ‘struct boost::function_traits<void>’:
example.cpp:7:31: required from here
/usr/include/boost/type_traits/function_traits.hpp:168:8: error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct boost::detail::function_traits_helper<void*>’
struct function_traits :
^
/usr/include/boost/type_traits/function_traits.hpp:21:36: error: declaration of ‘struct boost::detail::function_traits_helper<void*>’
template<typename Function> struct function_traits_helper;
^
example.cpp:7:31: error: ‘arity’ is not a member of ‘boost::function_traits<void>’
void mycorofunc(coroutine<void>::push_type &sink){
^
example.cpp:7:31: error: template argument 2 is invalid
example.cpp:7:44: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘&’ token
void mycorofunc(coroutine<void>::push_type &sink){
^
example.cpp: In function ‘void mycorofunc(int)’:
example.cpp:9:8: error: ‘sink’ was not declared in this scope
sink();
^
example.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
example.cpp:14:17: error: ‘arity’ is not a member of ‘boost::function_traits<void>’
coroutine<void>::pull_type source{mycorofunc};
^
example.cpp:14:17: error: template argument 2 is invalid
example.cpp:14:30: error: expected initializer before ‘source’
coroutine<void>::pull_type source{mycorofunc};
^
example.cpp:16:10: error: ‘source’ was not declared in this scope
source();
有关我的环境的更多信息：
$$ locate coroutine/all.hpp
/usr/include/boost/coroutine/all.hpp
/usr/local/boost_1_58_0/boost/coroutine/all.hpp
$$ locate boost_system
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_system.a
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_system.so
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_system.so.1.54.0
$$ locate boost_coroutine
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_coroutine.a
$$ g++ -E -x c++ - -v < /dev/null # printing g++ include path
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.8 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.8 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libmudflap --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.2 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-E' '-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/cc1plus -E -quiet -v -imultiarch x86_64-linux-gnu -D_GNU_SOURCE - -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -fstack-protector -Wformat -Wformat-security
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/include/c++/4.8
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8
/usr/include/c++/4.8/backward
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include
/usr/local/include
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include-fixed
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/include
End of search list.
# 1 "<stdin>"
# 1 "<command-line>"
# 1 "/usr/include/stdc-predef.h" 1 3 4
# 1 "<command-line>" 2
# 1 "<stdin>"
COMPILER_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../lib/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-E' '-v' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
编译器：尝试过g ++（v.4.8.2）和g ++ - 5
Distro：Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS
答案 0 :(得分：1)
经过几天的调试，这是我找到的解决方案。甚至以下指令的一部分也可能足以解决问题。
执行以下说明：
g++-6（任何比5.2更新的版本都支持c++14
最有可能工作，虽然我还没有测试过它们。）1.58或更新版本（支持coroutine2）。截至日期
这篇文章，Ubuntu PPA中提供的最新版本是
1.54。因此，您需要手动安装boost。如果您不知道如何操作，请按this link。 -std=c++14标志运行程序。此外，如果您正在使用像我这样的协同程序，请务必链接到libboost_context。我注意到，对于协同程序 2 ，不需要libboost_system，可能是因为它libboost_context自动拉入，但我不确定原因。 要将这些要点放在一起，这里是我用来编译和链接我的代码的命令（让我们说我在/usr/local/中安装了boost）：
g++-6 -std=c++14 example.cpp -I/usr/local/include -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_coroutine -lboost_context -lboost_system
显然，boost boost.coroutine中的1.54库是使用来自boost.context [source]的弃用的C-like fcontext-API实现的。我注意到我的机器在编译这些部件时遇到了问题。不幸的是，Ubuntu PPA目前不提供比1.54更新的版本。 Boost.coroutine2是推荐使用的库，可以在版本1.59或更新版本中找到。因此，您需要从其网站手动下载适当版本的boost并进行安装。
执行此操作后，我的代码已成功编译，但已无法链接：
... undefined reference to `ontop_fcontext' `boost::context::basic_fixedsize_stack<boost::context::stack_traits>::deallocate(boost::context::stack_context&)':
example.cpp:(...): undefined reference to `boost::context::stack_traits::minimum_size()'
example.cpp:(...): undefined reference to `boost::context::stack_traits::is_unbounded()'
example.cpp:(...): undefined reference to `boost::context::stack_traits::maximum_size()'
令人惊讶的是，在编译命令中添加-lboost_context标志并未删除此链接错误，表明libboost_context没有正确链接。
然后我在boost论坛中遇到a question，其中原始海报与我的问题有些类似。简而言之，有许多C宏会阻止execution_context被正确包含，因此libboost_context会出现问题。知道您的编译器是否启用了某些宏的代码如下（我不确定这些宏的所有是否相关）：
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#if defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_AUTO_DECLARATIONS) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_CONSTEXPR) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_DEFAULTED_FUNCTIONS) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_FINAL) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_TUPLE) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_NOEXCEPT) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_NULLPTR) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_TEMPLATE_ALIASES) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_UNIFIED_INITIALISATION_SYNTAX) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_HDR_ATOMIC) || \
defined(BOOST_NO_HDR_TUPLE)
#error "execution_context is prevented to be included in this compiler";
#endif
解决方案很简单：安装g++-6（或我猜 5.2或更新），并使用std=-c++14编译代码。